Amendment to Ohio\u27s Environmental Protection Verified Complaint Law

In May of 1980, the 113th Ohio General Assembly enacted Senate Bill 284 to amend section 3745.08 of the Ohio Revised Code. The purpose of the enactment is stated to be clarification of procedures utilized for filing and resolving complaints of alleged violations of specific pollution control laws. The bill was enacted in response to the recommendation of the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency (OEPA) that changes and clarification of procedures regarding verified complaints were necessary. Of particular concern to the OEPA was the exercise of hearing rights as a dilatory tactic by persons charged in a complaint. The OEPA asserts that a hearing requirement prior to an order becoming effective permits the alleged pollution danger to continue unabated until an adjudicatory hearing is concluded. The OEPA also takes the position that when a hearing before the agency is demanded by everyone affected by verified complaints, the entire environmental regulatory system is stultified. The General Assembly responded to these concerns by enacting S.B. 284. Principally, the bill eliminates the former requirement that the director convene a hearing prior to entering an operative order in response to a verified complaint. In its place, the General Assembly has granted to the director discretion in deciding whether to conduct a hearing upon receipt of a verified complaint. Objection to this change stems from the constitutional due process requirement that adequate notice and opportunity to be heard must be afforded a party prior to adversely affecting such person’s constitutionally protected “property” interest. The following analysis of S.B. 284 will begin with a discussion of the statutory framework, including the scope of complaints and the required verification procedures before a complaint may properly be filed. Next, the procedure for handling and resolving a complaint once filed with the OEPA will be analyzed. Finally, the legislative grant of discretion to the director in convening a hearing will be discussed, along with its effect on the issue whether the administrative procedures provided for in S.B. 284 are constitutionally sufficient

Toxoplasmosis and Horse Meat, France

International audienc

The Coevolution of Finance and Property Rights: Evidence from Transition Economies

The transition from communism to capitalism was necessarily accompanied by a sudden and abrupt increase in the financialization of society. This increase occurred in an environment that, even now, still has little experience with or expertise in financialization. Given that financialization occurred simultaneously with the growth and evolution of other political and economic institutions, the question arises: What was the effect on these other nascent institutions like property rights? This article empirically analyzes the relationship between financialization and property rights in transition countries. Using a unique monthly database of twenty transition countries over a period from 1989 to 2012, this article finds that the influence of financialization depends on which definition of “financialization” is used. In particular, increases in basic financial intermediation improved property rights. However, higher-order “financialization,” proxied here by the size of capital markets and the wages in the financial sector, appeared to have a negative impact on the development of broad-based property rights in transition

The PHENIX Experiment at RHIC

The physics emphases of the PHENIX collaboration and the design and current status of the PHENIX detector are discussed. The plan of the collaboration for making the most effective use of the available luminosity in the first years of RHIC operation is also presented.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure. Further details of the PHENIX physics program available at http://www.rhic.bnl.gov/phenix

Echocardiography practice, training and accreditation in the intensive care: document for the World Interactive Network Focused on Critical Ultrasound (WINFOCUS)

Echocardiography is increasingly used in the management of the critically ill patient as a non-invasive diagnostic and monitoring tool. Whilst in few countries specialized national training schemes for intensive care unit (ICU) echocardiography have been developed, specific guidelines for ICU physicians wishing to incorporate echocardiography into their clinical practice are lacking. Further, existing echocardiography accreditation does not reflect the requirements of the ICU practitioner. The WINFOCUS (World Interactive Network Focused On Critical UltraSound) ECHO-ICU Group drew up a document aimed at providing guidance to individual physicians, trainers and the relevant societies of the requirements for the development of skills in echocardiography in the ICU setting. The document is based on recommendations published by the Royal College of Radiologists, British Society of Echocardiography, European Association of Echocardiography and American Society of Echocardiography, together with international input from established practitioners of ICU echocardiography. The recommendations contained in this document are concerned with theoretical basis of ultrasonography, the practical aspects of building an ICU-based echocardiography service as well as the key components of standard adult TTE and TEE studies to be performed on the ICU. Specific issues regarding echocardiography in different ICU clinical scenarios are then described

MHC-I peptides get out of the groove and enable a novel mechanism of HIV-1 escape

Major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules play a crucial role in immunity by capturing peptides for presentation to T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. The peptide termini are tethered within the MHC-I antigen-binding groove, but it is unknown whether other presentation modes occur. Here we show that 20% of the HLA-B*57:01 peptide repertoire comprises N-terminally extended sets characterized by a common motif at position 1 (P1) to P2. Structures of HLA-B*57:01 presenting N-terminally extended peptides, including the immunodominant HIV-1 Gag epitope TW10 (TSTLQEQIGW), showed that the N terminus protrudes from the peptide-binding groove. The common escape mutant TSNLQEQIGW bound HLA-B*57:01 canonically, adopting a dramatically different conformation than the TW10 peptide. This affected recognition by killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) 3DL1 expressed on NK cells. We thus define a previously uncharacterized feature of the human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) immunopeptidome that has implications for viral immune escape. We further suggest that recognition of the HLA-B*57:01-TW10 epitope is governed by a 'molecular tension' between the adaptive and innate immune systems

Puymoyen (Charente). Champs des Prauds

Cette grotte se trouve à une cinquantaine de mètres de la grotte/chapelle du Moulin du Verger. C’est à ce jour le plus vaste aménagement de cette nature recensé dans le département de la Charente. L’entrée de la grotte, interprétée comme une chapelle, est percée dans la roche, sur une terrasse aménagée. Cette ouverture, naturelle à l’origine, a été agrandie (3,15 m de large sur 2,60 m de haut) et un auvent devait en protéger l’entrée de la pluie et du vent : une large et longue saignée taill..

Puymoyen (Charente). La Grotte Ermitage du Moulin du Verger

Cet ermitage installé dans une cavité naturelle a été aménagé pour y séjourner et a probablement été transformé en un sanctuaire chrétien au Moyen Âge suspendu au-dessus du vide à environ 2,50 m du pied de la falaise calcaire qui borde la vallée. La grotte est divisée en trois salles et se prolonge par un boyau étroit perpendiculairement au flanc de la barrière rocheuse sur une distance de 25 m. On accédait à cette grotte par une échelle de bois donnant sur la première salle par une ouverture..

Santa-Maria-Poggio, Costa Verde (Haute-Corse). Le Pont génois du Bucatoggio

Le pont génois qui enjambe le cours du Bucatoggio, près du bourg de Santa-Maria-Poggio, est situé au sud de la commune de San Nicolao. Il est construit au confluent avec le ruisseau Erbajolo et en amont de celui de Mortete. Implanté, vraisemblablement dans un but économique, en un lieu situé à un carrefour de chemins, le pont du Bucatoggio était emprunté par les colporteurs, les troupeaux et les muletiers de la pieve de Moriani. Une importante partie de l’économie locale desservant les forges..

Isle-d’Espagnac (L’) (Charente). La Font Chauvin

Les vestiges de la fosse monumentale et ses occupations successives. Les sondages pratiqués au cours des années 2003 et 2004 ont révélé des vestiges indiquant une occupation humaine ininterrompue depuis la préhistoire. Un mégalithe indéterminé Plusieurs blocs qui affleuraient en surface ont été mis à jour au fond de la fosse. Le dégagement d’un monolithe a fait apparaître d’autres blocs encastrés sous une grande dalle, découverte lors de l’opération 2003, posée verticalement et percée d’un tr..