2,470 research outputs found
Seasonal Variation of Essential Oil Yield and Composition of Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Grown in Castilla - La Mancha (Central Spain)
Links between phenology, yield and composition of the essential oil of common sage, Salvia officinalis L., grown in Guadalajara (Central Spain) were determined in the different phases of the biological cycle during one year. Data showed an average yield about 1.0%. The analysis of the oil components was carried out by GC-FID and GC/MS. The main oil constituent was alpha thujone (40.1 - 46.5%). Other identified compounds are beta pinene (2.6 - 4.5%), cineole (3.5 - 8.7%), beta thujone (4.1 - 5.6%), camphor (4.1 - 8.0%), borneol (1.3 - 3.7%), alpha humulene (3.8 - 7.3%), viridiflorol (3.4-12.6%) and manool (0.1-4.5%). The highest yield of oil was obtained in the period of full flowering and the highest concentration of alpha thujone in the period of initial flowering
A Lloyd-model generalization: Conductance fluctuations in one-dimensional disordered systems
We perform a detailed numerical study of the conductance through
one-dimensional (1D) tight-binding wires with on-site disorder. The random
configurations of the on-site energies of the tight-binding
Hamiltonian are characterized by long-tailed distributions: For large
, with . Our
model serves as a generalization of 1D Lloyd's model, which corresponds to
. First, we verify that the ensemble average is proportional to the length of the wire for all values of
, providing the localization length from . Then, we show that the probability distribution
function is fully determined by the exponent and
. In contrast to 1D wires with standard
white-noise disorder, our wire model exhibits bimodal distributions of the
conductance with peaks at and . In addition, we show that
is proportional to , for , with , in
agreement to previous studies.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
New magnetron configurations for sputtered Nb onto Cu
Abstract Niobium sputtered film microstructure and morphology and consequently its superconducting properties, strongly depend on target-substrate deposition angle. In order to improve the Nb film quality for 1.5 GHz cavity coatings, we investigated the application of three main ideas to the sputtering process: (i) making niobium atoms impinging perpendicularly the substrate surface, (ii) promoting the effect of plasma bombardment of the growing film, and (iii) increasing the sputtering rate. Therefore, several different sputtering configurations are under development. The effect of Nb atoms arriving perpendicular to the substrate is explored either by using a cathode that follows the cavity shape or by increasing the plasma confinement efficiency by means of a target parallel to the magnetic field lines. The removal of adsorbed impurities from the film surface and the increase of the film density are investigated by a biased third electrode that promotes the positive ions bombardment of the growing film. A mixed bias-magnetron has been built using a positively charged metal grid positioned all around the cathode
Capacitance Measurements for Subcell Characterization in Multijunction Solar Cells.
On this paper we present an alternative way to analyze de electronic properties of each subcell from the complete device. By illuminating the cell with light sources which energy is near one of the subcell bandgaps, it is possible to “erase” the presence of such subcell on the CV curve. The main advantages of this technique are that it is not destructive, it can be measured on the complete cell so can be easily implemented as a diagnostic technique for controlling electronic deviations
Reconstruction and thermal stability of the cubic SiC(001) surfaces
The (001) surfaces of cubic SiC were investigated with ab-initio molecular
dynamics simulations. We show that C-terminated surfaces can have different
c(2x2) and p(2x1) reconstructions, depending on preparation conditions and
thermal treatment, and we suggest experimental probes to identify the various
reconstructed geometries. Furthermore we show that Si-terminated surfaces
exhibit a p(2x1) reconstruction at T=0, whereas above room temperature they
oscillate between a dimer row and an ideal geometry below 500 K, and sample
several patterns including a c(4x2) above 500 K.Comment: 12 pages, RevTeX, figures 1 and 2 available in gif form at
http://irrmawww.epfl.ch/fg/sic/fig1.gif and
http://irrmawww.epfl.ch/fg/sic/fig2.gi
An interesting ligand for the preparation of luminescent plastics : the picrate ion
Electrolytes formed with poly(oxyethylene), POE, and europium picrate [Eu(pic)2(OH2)6]pic.6H2O (where pic denotes the picrate anion) or simply Eu(pic)3xH2O, have been represented by POEnEu(pic)3xH2O (where n represents the molar ratio of (OCH2CH2) units per Eu3+ ion). Materials with n ranging from 133 to 11 have been examined. A tentative attribution of the absorption bands of the mid-infrared spectra is presented. The spectral changes detected in the mid-infrared region and the modifications in the XRD patterns at increasing salt content show that PEOnEu(pic)3xH2O exerts an effective plasticizing role which leads to the complete supression of crystallinity at n = 11. The emission spectra of the complexes and their signature in the vC-O spectral region provide conclusive evidence that the Eu3+ ions are coordinated to the oxygen atoms of the polyether chains over the whole range of compositions studied. The photoluminescence spectra of the PEOnEu(pic)3xH2O electrolytes indicate that the Eu3+/ether oxygen complexation occurs with concomittant partial substitution of the water molecules from the cation coordination shell. The luminescence data obtainedFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT
Raman microprobe characterization of electrodeposited S-rich CuIn(S,Se)2 for photovoltaic applications: Microstructural analysis
This article reports a detailed Raman scattering and microstructural characterization of S-rich CuIn(S,Se)2 absorbers produced by electrodeposition of nanocrystalline CuInSe2 precursors and subsequent reactive annealing under sulfurizing conditions. Surface and in-depth resolved Raman microprobe measurements have been correlated with the analysis of the layers by optical and scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and in-depth Auger electron spectroscopy. This has allowed corroboration of the high crystalline quality of the sulfurized layers. The sulfurizing conditions used also lead to the formation of a relatively thick MoS2 intermediate layer between the absorber and the Mo back contact. The analysis of the absorbers has also allowed identification of the presence of In-rich secondary phases, which are likely related to the coexistence in the electrodeposited precursors of ordered vacancy compound domains with the main chalcopyrite phase, in spite of the Cu-rich conditions used in the growth. This points out the higher complexity of the electrodeposition and sulfurization processes in relation to those based in vacuum deposition techniques
Quenching through Dirac and semi-Dirac points in optical Lattices: Kibble-Zurek scaling for anisotropic Quantum-Critical systems
We propose that Kibble-Zurek scaling can be studied in optical lattices by
creating geometries that support, Dirac, Semi-Dirac and Quadratic Band
Crossings. On a Honeycomb lattice with fermions, as a staggered on-site
potential is varied through zero, the system crosses the gapless Dirac points,
and we show that the density of defects created scales as , where
is the inverse rate of change of the potential, in agreement with the
Kibble-Zurek relation. We generalize the result for a passage through a
semi-Dirac point in dimensions, in which spectrum is linear in parallel
directions and quadratic in rest of the perpendicular directions. We
find that the defect density is given by where
and are the dynamical exponents and the correlation
length exponents along the parallel and perpendicular directions, respectively.
The scaling relations are also generalized to the case of non-linear quenching
Bombyx mori silk/titania/gold hybrid materials for photocatalytic water splitting: combining renewable raw materials with clean fuels
The synthesis, structure, and photocatalytic water splitting performance of two new titania (TiO2)/gold(Au)/Bombyx mori silk hybrid materials are reported. All materials are monoliths with diameters of up to ca. 4.5 cm. The materials are macroscopically homogeneous and porous with surface areas between 170 and 210 m2/g. The diameter of the TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) – mainly anatase with a minor fraction of brookite – and the Au NPs are on the order of 5 and 7–18 nm, respectively. Addition of poly(ethylene oxide) to the reaction mixture enables pore size tuning, thus providing access to different materials with different photocatalytic activities. Water splitting experiments using a sunlight simulator and a Xe lamp show that the new hybrid materials are effective water splitting catalysts and produce up to 30 mmol of hydrogen per 24 h. Overall the article demonstrates that the combination of a renewable and robust scaffold such as B. mori silk with a photoactive material provides a promising approach to new monolithic photocatalysts that can easily be recycled and show great potential for application in lightweight devices for green fuel production
- …