Estilos de vida, estrategias de afrontamiento, estrés y depresión en estudiantes de la Facultad de Medicina de la UAEM

Introducción: Los estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud de la Facultad de Medicina (FM) de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEM), requieren, además de inteligencia cognitiva, inteligencia emocional y habilidades de relación interpersonal: empatía, compasión y madurez. La naturaleza de la profesión en el ámbito de la salud solicita que el estudiante tenga un perfil con ciertas características entre las que se enfatizan habilidades de gestión, templanza en el trabajo para situaciones imprevistas, el cumplimiento con el deber y la necesidad de actualización permanente,1 que les ayuden a tener un desarrollo integral para desempeñarse profesionalmente. Objetivo: Identificar estrategias de afrontamiento al estrés y correlacionar con estilos de vida, estrés y síntomas depresivos. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo, transversal y correlacional. Con muestreo no probabilístico de tipo dirigido, de 173 estudiantes voluntarios. Se aplicó el cuestionario FANTASTIC, Escala de Estrés Percibido de Cohen, Inventario de Estrategias de Afrontamiento e Inventario de Depresión de Beck. Se aplicó Chi cuadrada para establecer la significancia y coeficiente de Pearson para correlación. Resultados: Las estrategias de afrontamiento usadas fueron activas-adaptativas; orientadas a la solución de problemas. En estilos de vida saludables mostraron menores índices de estrés y depresión. Abstract Background: Health science students at the School of Medicine of the Autonomous University of the State of Mexico (UAEM) require, in addition to cognitive intelligence, sufficient emotional intelligence and interpersonal skills: empathy, compassion and maturity. The nature of the profession in the field of health requires that the student has a profile with certain characteristics among which are emphasized management skills, temperance at work for unforeseen situations, compliance with the liability and the need for permanent updating.1 To help them to perform professionally and to have an integral development. Objective: To identify stress coping strategies and to correlate with lifestyles, stress and depressive symptoms. Method: A descriptive, transverse and correlational qualitative study was carried out. With non-probabilistic directed sample of 173 volunteer students. The FANTASTIC questionnaire, Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale, Coping Strategies Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory were applied. Chi square test was applied to establish the significance and Pearson coefficient for correlation. Results: The coping strategies used were active-adaptive and solutions-oriented. Healthy lifestyles showed lower rates of stress and depression. &nbsp

Estilos de vida, estrategias de afrontamiento, estrés y depresión en estudiantes de la Facultad de Medicina de la UAEM

Introducción: Los estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud de la Facultad de Medicina (FM) de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEM), requieren, además de inteligencia cognitiva, inteligencia emocional y habilidades de relación interpersonal: empatía, compasión y madurez. La naturaleza de la profesión en el ámbito de la salud solicita que el estudiante tenga un perfil con ciertas características entre las que se enfatizan habilidades de gestión, templanza en el trabajo para situaciones imprevistas, el cumplimiento con el deber y la necesidad de actualización permanente,1 que les ayuden a tener un desarrollo integral para desempeñarse profesionalmente. Objetivo: Identificar estrategias de afrontamiento al estrés y correlacionar con estilos de vida, estrés y síntomas depresivos. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo, transversal y correlacional. Con muestreo no probabilístico de tipo dirigido, de 173 estudiantes voluntarios. Se aplicó el cuestionario FANTASTIC, Escala de Estrés Percibido de Cohen, Inventario de Estrategias de Afrontamiento e Inventario de Depresión de Beck. Se aplicó Chi cuadrada para establecer la significancia y coeficiente de Pearson para correlación. Resultados: Las estrategias de afrontamiento usadas fueron activas-adaptativas; orientadas a la solución de problemas. En estilos de vida saludables mostraron menores índices de estrés y depresión. Abstract Background: Health science students at the School of Medicine of the Autonomous University of the State of Mexico (UAEM) require, in addition to cognitive intelligence, sufficient emotional intelligence and interpersonal skills: empathy, compassion and maturity. The nature of the profession in the field of health requires that the student has a profile with certain characteristics among which are emphasized management skills, temperance at work for unforeseen situations, compliance with the liability and the need for permanent updating.1 To help them to perform professionally and to have an integral development. Objective: To identify stress coping strategies and to correlate with lifestyles, stress and depressive symptoms. Method: A descriptive, transverse and correlational qualitative study was carried out. With non-probabilistic directed sample of 173 volunteer students. The FANTASTIC questionnaire, Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale, Coping Strategies Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory were applied. Chi square test was applied to establish the significance and Pearson coefficient for correlation. Results: The coping strategies used were active-adaptive and solutions-oriented. Healthy lifestyles showed lower rates of stress and depression. &nbsp

El género, un factor determinante en el riesgo de somnolencia

Los trastornos del sue˜no constituyen un grupo numeroso y heterogéneo de procesos. A nivel mundial se estima que la prevalencia de trastornos del sue˜no oscila entre 35 y 45% de la población adulta mayor de 18 a˜nos. Estudios previos realizados en la Cd de México han demostrado una somnolencia excesiva diurna en el 18%, de los cuales 19% fueron mujeres y 17% hombres por lo que el objetivo de este proyecto es detectar en una población adulta del valle de Toluca, el riesgo de somnolencia. Métodos: Se empleó un instrumento validado: escala de somnolencia de Epworth que tiene por objeto evaluar la magnitud de la somnolencia diurna frente a ocho situaciones de la vida diaria. Resultados: De los 227 sujetos analizados, se encontró que 76 de ellos (33.4%): 44 hombres (19.4% del total) y 27 mujeres (11.9% del total) tenían somnolencia excesiva. Se dividió a la población en dos grupos: mayores o iguales a 50 a˜nos de edad y 49 a˜nos o menos. Al comparar el riesgo Hombre-Mujer se encontró un valor de O.R. de 4.1 en los hombres de 50 a˜nos o más, mientras que en el género femenino fue de 1.0. Al establecer una separación con los sujetos que tenían entre 9 y 11 puntos de la escala de Epworth, se demostró que el riesgo seguía siendo elevado en OR = 4.0 Conclusiones: En la población estudiada el género masculino tiene un riesgo cuatro veces mayor que la mujer de presentar somnolencia excesiva diurna. © 2014 Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Publicado por Masson Doyma México S.A. Todos los derechos reservados

Low exposure long-baseline neutrino oscillation sensitivity of the DUNE experiment

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) will produce world-leading neutrino oscillation measurements over the lifetime of the experiment. In this work, we explore DUNE's sensitivity to observe charge-parity violation (CPV) in the neutrino sector, and to resolve the mass ordering, for exposures of up to 100 kiloton-megawatt-years (kt-MW-yr). The analysis includes detailed uncertainties on the flux prediction, the neutrino interaction model, and detector effects. We demonstrate that DUNE will be able to unambiguously resolve the neutrino mass ordering at a 3$\sigma$ (5$\sigma$) level, with a 66 (100) kt-MW-yr far detector exposure, and has the ability to make strong statements at significantly shorter exposures depending on the true value of other oscillation parameters. We also show that DUNE has the potential to make a robust measurement of CPV at a 3$\sigma$ level with a 100 kt-MW-yr exposure for the maximally CP-violating values \delta_{\rm CP}} = \pm\pi/2. Additionally, the dependence of DUNE's sensitivity on the exposure taken in neutrino-enhanced and antineutrino-enhanced running is discussed. An equal fraction of exposure taken in each beam mode is found to be close to optimal when considered over the entire space of interest

Identification and reconstruction of low-energy electrons in the ProtoDUNE-SP detector

Measurements of electrons from $\nu_e$ interactions are crucial for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) neutrino oscillation program, as well as searches for physics beyond the standard model, supernova neutrino detection, and solar neutrino measurements. This article describes the selection and reconstruction of low-energy (Michel) electrons in the ProtoDUNE-SP detector. ProtoDUNE-SP is one of the prototypes for the DUNE far detector, built and operated at CERN as a charged particle test beam experiment. A sample of low-energy electrons produced by the decay of cosmic muons is selected with a purity of 95%. This sample is used to calibrate the low-energy electron energy scale with two techniques. An electron energy calibration based on a cosmic ray muon sample uses calibration constants derived from measured and simulated cosmic ray muon events. Another calibration technique makes use of the theoretically well-understood Michel electron energy spectrum to convert reconstructed charge to electron energy. In addition, the effects of detector response to low-energy electron energy scale and its resolution including readout electronics threshold effects are quantified. Finally, the relation between the theoretical and reconstructed low-energy electron energy spectrum is derived and the energy resolution is characterized. The low-energy electron selection presented here accounts for about 75% of the total electron deposited energy. After the addition of lost energy using a Monte Carlo simulation, the energy resolution improves from about 40% to 25% at 50~MeV. These results are used to validate the expected capabilities of the DUNE far detector to reconstruct low-energy electrons.Comment: 19 pages, 10 figure

A Gaseous Argon-Based Near Detector to Enhance the Physics Capabilities of DUNE

This document presents the concept and physics case for a magnetized gaseous argon-based detector system (ND-GAr) for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) Near Detector. This detector system is required in order for DUNE to reach its full physics potential in the measurement of CP violation and in delivering precision measurements of oscillation parameters. In addition to its critical role in the long-baseline oscillation program, ND-GAr will extend the overall physics program of DUNE. The LBNF high-intensity proton beam will provide a large flux of neutrinos that is sampled by ND-GAr, enabling DUNE to discover new particles and search for new interactions and symmetries beyond those predicted in the Standard Model

Snowmass Neutrino Frontier: DUNE Physics Summary

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a next-generation long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment with a primary physics goal of observing neutrino and antineutrino oscillation patterns to precisely measure the parameters governing long-baseline neutrino oscillation in a single experiment, and to test the three-flavor paradigm. DUNE's design has been developed by a large, international collaboration of scientists and engineers to have unique capability to measure neutrino oscillation as a function of energy in a broadband beam, to resolve degeneracy among oscillation parameters, and to control systematic uncertainty using the exquisite imaging capability of massive LArTPC far detector modules and an argon-based near detector. DUNE's neutrino oscillation measurements will unambiguously resolve the neutrino mass ordering and provide the sensitivity to discover CP violation in neutrinos for a wide range of possible values of δCP. DUNE is also uniquely sensitive to electron neutrinos from a galactic supernova burst, and to a broad range of physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM), including nucleon decays. DUNE is anticipated to begin collecting physics data with Phase I, an initial experiment configuration consisting of two far detector modules and a minimal suite of near detector components, with a 1.2 MW proton beam. To realize its extensive, world-leading physics potential requires the full scope of DUNE be completed in Phase II. The three Phase II upgrades are all necessary to achieve DUNE's physics goals: (1) addition of far detector modules three and four for a total FD fiducial mass of at least 40 kt, (2) upgrade of the proton beam power from 1.2 MW to 2.4 MW, and (3) replacement of the near detector's temporary muon spectrometer with a magnetized, high-pressure gaseous argon TPC and calorimeter

Snowmass Neutrino Frontier: DUNE Physics Summary

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a next-generation long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment with a primary physics goal of observing neutrino and antineutrino oscillation patterns to precisely measure the parameters governing long-baseline neutrino oscillation in a single experiment, and to test the three-flavor paradigm. DUNE's design has been developed by a large, international collaboration of scientists and engineers to have unique capability to measure neutrino oscillation as a function of energy in a broadband beam, to resolve degeneracy among oscillation parameters, and to control systematic uncertainty using the exquisite imaging capability of massive LArTPC far detector modules and an argon-based near detector. DUNE's neutrino oscillation measurements will unambiguously resolve the neutrino mass ordering and provide the sensitivity to discover CP violation in neutrinos for a wide range of possible values of $\delta_{CP}$. DUNE is also uniquely sensitive to electron neutrinos from a galactic supernova burst, and to a broad range of physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM), including nucleon decays. DUNE is anticipated to begin collecting physics data with Phase I, an initial experiment configuration consisting of two far detector modules and a minimal suite of near detector components, with a 1.2 MW proton beam. To realize its extensive, world-leading physics potential requires the full scope of DUNE be completed in Phase II. The three Phase II upgrades are all necessary to achieve DUNE's physics goals: (1) addition of far detector modules three and four for a total FD fiducial mass of at least 40 kt, (2) upgrade of the proton beam power from 1.2 MW to 2.4 MW, and (3) replacement of the near detector's temporary muon spectrometer with a magnetized, high-pressure gaseous argon TPC and calorimeter.Comment: Contribution to Snowmass 202

A Gaseous Argon-Based Near Detector to Enhance the Physics Capabilities of DUNE

This document presents the concept and physics case for a magnetized gaseous argon-based detector system (ND-GAr) for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) Near Detector. This detector system is required in order for DUNE to reach its full physics potential in the measurement of CP violation and in delivering precision measurements of oscillation parameters. In addition to its critical role in the long-baseline oscillation program, ND-GAr will extend the overall physics program of DUNE. The LBNF high-intensity proton beam will provide a large flux of neutrinos that is sampled by ND-GAr, enabling DUNE to discover new particles and search for new interactions and symmetries beyond those predicted in the Standard Model.Comment: Contribution to Snowmass 202

Impact of cross-section uncertainties on supernova neutrino spectral parameter fitting in the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment

A primary goal of the upcoming Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is to measure the $\mathcal{O}(10)$ MeV neutrinos produced by a Galactic core-collapse supernova if one should occur during the lifetime of the experiment. The liquid-argon-based detectors planned for DUNE are expected to be uniquely sensitive to the $\nu_e$ component of the supernova flux, enabling a wide variety of physics and astrophysics measurements. A key requirement for a correct interpretation of these measurements is a good understanding of the energy-dependent total cross section $\sigma(E_\nu)$ for charged-current $\nu_e$ absorption on argon. In the context of a simulated extraction of supernova $\nu_e$ spectral parameters from a toy analysis, we investigate the impact of $\sigma(E_\nu)$ modeling uncertainties on DUNE's supernova neutrino physics sensitivity for the first time. We find that the currently large theoretical uncertainties on $\sigma(E_\nu)$ must be substantially reduced before the $\nu_e$ flux parameters can be extracted reliably: in the absence of external constraints, a measurement of the integrated neutrino luminosity with less than 10\% bias with DUNE requires $\sigma(E_\nu)$ to be known to about 5%. The neutrino spectral shape parameters can be known to better than 10% for a 20% uncertainty on the cross-section scale, although they will be sensitive to uncertainties on the shape of $\sigma(E_\nu)$. A direct measurement of low-energy $\nu_e$-argon scattering would be invaluable for improving the theoretical precision to the needed level.Comment: 25 pages, 21 figure