Financial ratios ability to predict excess returns of Swedish listed firms

In this paper we set out to analyze from two perspectives the performance predictability of financial ratios on Swedish listed firms by using statistical methods and fundamental analysis. Furthermore this paper sets out to establish a link between the two by cross checking or filling the results of regressed variables with the expected values of following a certain type of investment strategy. The Swedish market was analyzed for the time period of 1980-2013 . This paper has come to the conclusion that the predictability power of financial ratios do exist to some degree when using statistical methods. This result is contradicted by fundamental analysis that present that their indicative predictability is much higher as they are able to consistently over the time period observed to beat the market benchmark

Concepts for Digitalisation of Assembly Instructions for Short Takt Times

Operational complexity for shop-floor operators can be reduced with eective presentation of instructions, which in turn improves product quality. While this has been researched for longer takt times, final assembly with shorter takt times requires new approaches to properly support operators. Hence, this paper aims to present findings regarding concepts for digitalised assembly instructions to support shop-floor operators in a mixed model final assembly with shorter takt times. A bottom-up mixed-methods approach was applied in an iterative development process, resulting in concepts for short takt time instructions. The findings indicate how to cognitively support operators in two situations. First, work tasks are preferably taught beforehand, with educational instructions. Second, operators should be supported with simplified instructions, presenting key elements and deviations in real-time. Conclusively, these concepts will increase the likelihood of the instruction to be used by operators, which enables standardised work and contributes to enhanced product quality

Voices of children with intellectual disabilities on participation in daily activities

BACKGROUND : Participation in daily activities is expressed as a human right. Full participation of children with disabilities in daily activities creates optimal opportunities for learning and development. Previous studies have focused primarily on proxy ratings of participation of children with intellectual disabilities in daily activities. However, little is known about how the children rate barriers and facilitators to their participation in everyday activities. OBJECTIVES : To identify barriers to and facilitators for everyday activities as experienced by children with intellectual disabilities from low- and middle-income countries and high-income countries. The research questions were as follows: ‘what barriers to participation do children with disabilities experience in everyday activities?’ and ‘what facilitators to participation do children with disabilities experience in everyday activities?’ METHOD : A qualitative content analyses was used in this study, and individual interviews were conducted with 49 children with intellectual disabilities. The interviews were performed using pictures. The children also selected the most important activities and described in their own words the facilitators and barriers relevant to being able to perform the activities. RESULTS : The most important activities were organised leisure activities, formal learning at school, taking care of other family members and family mealtimes. Self-reported barriers identified were personal functioning, social exclusion and lack of resources. The identified facilitators included satisfaction, personal capability, being included and having access to resources. CONCLUSION : These findings provide important knowledge about the factors to consider in the development of interventions, aimed at improving the participation of children with intellectual disabilities.The National Research Foundation (NRF) and Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education (STINT).http://www.ajod.orgpm2021Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication (CAAC

Spatio-temporal analysis of prostate tumors in situ suggests pre-existence of treatment-resistant clones

The molecular mechanisms underlying lethal castration-resistant prostate cancer remain poorly understood, with intratumoral heterogeneity a likely contributing factor. To examine the temporal aspects of resistance, we analyze tumor heterogeneity in needle biopsies collected before and after treatment with androgen deprivation therapy. By doing so, we are able to couple clinical responsiveness and morphological information such as Gleason score to transcriptome-wide data. Our data-driven analysis of transcriptomes identifies several distinct intratumoral cell populations, characterized by their unique gene expression profiles. Certain cell populations present before treatment exhibit gene expression profiles that match those of resistant tumor cell clusters, present after treatment. We confirm that these clusters are resistant by the localization of active androgen receptors to the nuclei in cancer cells post-treatment. Our data also demonstrates that most stromal cells adjacent to resistant clusters do not express the androgen receptor, and we identify differentially expressed genes for these cells. Altogether, this study shows the potential to increase the power in predicting resistant tumors

Spatially resolved clonal copy number alterations in benign and malignant tissue

Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).Defining the transition from benign to malignant tissue is fundamental to improving early diagnosis of cancer1. Here we use a systematic approach to study spatial genome integrity in situ and describe previously unidentified clonal relationships. We used spatially resolved transcriptomics2 to infer spatial copy number variations in >120,000 regions across multiple organs, in benign and malignant tissues. We demonstrate that genome-wide copy number variation reveals distinct clonal patterns within tumours and in nearby benign tissue using an organ-wide approach focused on the prostate. Our results suggest a model for how genomic instability arises in histologically benign tissue that may represent early events in cancer evolution. We highlight the power of capturing the molecular and spatial continuums in a tissue context and challenge the rationale for treatment paradigms, including focal therapy.Peer reviewe

Spatially resolved clonal copy number alterations in benign and malignant tissue

Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).Defining the transition from benign to malignant tissue is fundamental to improving early diagnosis of cancer1. Here we use a systematic approach to study spatial genome integrity in situ and describe previously unidentified clonal relationships. We used spatially resolved transcriptomics2 to infer spatial copy number variations in >120,000 regions across multiple organs, in benign and malignant tissues. We demonstrate that genome-wide copy number variation reveals distinct clonal patterns within tumours and in nearby benign tissue using an organ-wide approach focused on the prostate. Our results suggest a model for how genomic instability arises in histologically benign tissue that may represent early events in cancer evolution. We highlight the power of capturing the molecular and spatial continuums in a tissue context and challenge the rationale for treatment paradigms, including focal therapy.Peer reviewe

Democratization of the Swedish Housing Policy

This report explores an alternative housing policy to Sweden’s overpriced and problematic housing situation. Research has revolved around how flexible frameworks of Swedish regulations and standardizations in the housing policy can improve sustainability through planning participation and self-building processes. Analysis has been conducted primarily through literature reviews and fieldwork where case studies have been compared relative to how participatory methods and self-built housing construction have been pertinent for their local development in the housing policy. The results provide urban housing solutions that contribute to diverse residential areas and reduce segregated neighborhoods. Furthermore, it demonstrates comprehensive social sustainabilities when residents have actively participated in the planning and construction of their neighborhood. An increased knowledge accumulated from participating and self-building also results in economic and environmental sustainability. This report strives for solutions to complex building regulations and standardizations, which must be adjusted for non-professionals. However, the results showed the difficulties in achieving a system change since political oscillations obstruct an alternative housing policy by concentrating on economic growth. Although there are difficulties within the economic-political systems, the analysis of the case studies reveals the potentialities of collaboration between municipalities and autonomous neighborhoods, which have been formulated through exceptional regulation plans. By reconsidering development where the economy is not at the center, the research demonstrates how municipalities can achieve social, ecological, and cultural growth by implementing an alternative housing policy to the existing one. These values are outcompeted by economic growth and must be re-established in society to achieve democratic sustainability. The current housing affordability crisis stresses the importance of alternatives for an equity housing policy, where self-building and participatory design methods must be accentuated in urban development in Sweden. The result of this report can operate as a platform for innovative housing development within urban contexts for self-builders and municipalities

De organisatoriska effekterna av att integrera ett molnbaserat ERP- system

As new technologies continue to advance, they are also being integrated into widely adopted systems, such as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. Cloud-based ERP systems are gaining popularity, particularly among Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). Due to the limited customization options and pre-configured processes of these systems, enterprises are often required to adapt their business processes when implementing a cloud-based ERP system. The extent of these changes can vary, ranging from minor adjustments to significant overhauls, depending on the approach chosen by the enterprise. Additionally, some changes might be necessitated by external factors beyond the enterprise's control. The modifications made to business processes during the integration of a cloud-based ERP system can have diverse impacts on the entire organization. Whether these changes result in a positive or negative effect depends on how effectively they are managed. Implementing a change management strategy can assist organizations in navigating these changes and mitigating resistance from their employees. Furthermore, the changes stemming from the integration of a cloud-based ERP system can also influence the organizational culture. Key considerations during times of change include leadership styles, communication practices, the involvement of relevant stakeholders in the project, and the selection of an appropriate project management method tailored to the specific enterprise. These factors can be managed with the support of effective change management and, if addressed thoughtfully, can significantly impact the organizational culture

Harmonic Filters For Electronic Drive Systems Targeting Aircraft Applications

Climate change pressures fossil-driven vehicles into electrification to sustain a healthy planet and environment for its inhabitants. Air traffic contributes to the ongoing climate crisis, and electric aircraft is taking its toll on the avionics market. The electrification of aircraft is complex and requires specialists and researchers to engage in the subject to haste the process of electric aircraft becoming commercial.  The electrification of aircraft comes with challenges in electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). Part of the aim of this study was to get a broad view of what EMC problems electric aircraft are facing. The leading purpose was to understand electric drive with brushless DC (BLDC) motors and to design and construct an active cancellation filter (ACF) for reducing harmonic noise in electric propulsion systems. A literature study including recent research on EMC issues onboard, outside of, and within the system of electric aircraft deepened the view of the specifications and limits in the electronic design of the airplane. The literature study also covered electric propulsion using BLDC motors and ACF topologies for suppressing harmonics originating from the power inverter in the electric propulsion system.  Measurements on a Cypress motor kit with a BLDC motor showed ringings on the motor phase voltages. The parasitic drain-source capacitances in the MOSFETs of the motor inverter caused the ringings, and damping resistors managed to overcome the ringings in simulations and when measured. However, adding damping resistors line-to-line on the motor phase was determined to be ineffective, but the knowledge of the ringings and how to manage them will become relevant for future work. This study proposed an ACF and a hybrid filter for attenuating harmonics caused by a square wave. The proposed hybrid filter was the ACF filter with an LC filter added to it. Simulations showed that the ACF suppresses harmonics up to 2 MHz, and the hybrid filter had no impact. The measured results showed that the ACF and hybrid filter suppress harmonics up to 10 MHz, and beyond 10 MHz, the filters stop the attenuation of harmonics. The purpose of the hybrid filter was to eliminate harmonics in the higher frequency band, where the performance of the ACF started to lack. However, the hybrid filter showed no influence on the ACF performance, which might have been due to software issues with the Fourier transform.  Although the filters did attenuate harmonics from the voltage pulse source, it could not be stated whether the ACF and hybrid filter topology will perform the same when applied to the drive system of an electric aircraft. Future work will determine how the filters perform on the Cypress motor kit, and eventually, with electric aircraft

HR-personers upplevelser av sociala och yrkesmässiga nätverk samt tunga arbetssituationer

Personer som arbetar med Human Resources (HR) hanterar processer av olika slag och agerar som stöd för chefer och medarbetare. HR-personer kan i sin tur också behöva stöd i sitt arbete. Arbetet är brett och ett sätt att utbyta erfarenhet är att använda sig av sina nätverk. Denna studie är en beskrivning av hur HR-personer upplever nätverk samt tunga arbetssituationer. Resultatet baserades på sex semistrukturerade djupintervjuer med fem personer. Dessa tolkades i enlighet med en induktiv tematisk analys. Temat nätverk innehåller en beskrivning av hur den enskilda individen använder sociala och yrkesmässa nätverk för att underlätta och även få stöd i sitt dagliga arbete. Temat tunga arbetssituationer innehåller en beskrivning av negativa förändringar samt psykiskt påfrestande händelser som HR-personer fått ta del av samt vilka stödpersoner som varit värdefulla. Nätverk är betydelsefullt beroende på erfarenhet och kontext. I tunga arbetssituationer är erfarenhet och stöd avgörande