7 research outputs found
Profils dâeffets indĂ©sirables sous abiratĂ©rone et enzalutamide : analyse descriptive des donnĂ©es de la base nationale de pharmacovigilance
National audienceOBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the profile of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) observed with abiraterone and enzalutamide, based on cases registered in the French regional pharmacovigilance centres to identify potential pharmacovigilance signals. METHODS: We extracted from the French pharmacovigilance database all cases of ADRs or drug interactions involving abiraterone or enzalutamide from the time they market authorization date until December 31st, 2017. Signal detection results have been transmitted by the French Agency for Health Products (ANSM). The data were compared with those of the risk management plans for each drug and the literature. RESULTS: Among the 233 observations analyzed, nearly 62% involved abiraterone as a suspect drug and 38% involved enzalutamide; only 1 case involved both drugs. The ADRs profile is different between the drugs. Abiraterone is mostly associated with expected cardiac diseases (heart failure, and QT prolongation), expected with the drug. Also described, several cases of hepatotoxicity have been reported, however some cases with fatal outcome suggest that despite a follow-up of the liver function tests, it is difficult to anticipate this risk. Signals concerning acute renal failure and ischemic stroke have arisen. Enzalutamide is more particularly associated with various neurological disorders (convulsions, hallucinations, fatigue, and memory impairment) expected with the drug. While ischemic heart disease is also expected, signals of heart failure and atrial fibrillation have arisen. A potential hepatotoxicity of the molecule is discussed because of cases of cholestatic hepatitis. CONCLUSION: The analysis of the French pharmacovigilance database cases allows to confirm an expected and monitored risk profile in the risk management plan for both drugs. Several signals have arisen, some of which will be investigated through a pharmacoepidemiology study
Fusion-negative Rhabdomyosarcoma 3D-organoids as an innovative model to predict resistance to cell death inducers
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the main form of soft-tissue sarcoma in children and adolescents. For 20 years, and despite international clinical trials, its cure rate has not really improved, and remains stuck at 20% in case of relapse. The definition of new effective therapeutic combinations is hampered by the lack of reliable models, which complicate the transposition of promising results obtained in pre-clinical studies into efficient solutions for young patients. Inter-patient heterogeneity, particularly in the so-called fusion-negative group (FNRMS), adds an additional level of difficulty in optimizing the clinical management of children and adolescents with RMS. Here, we describe an original 3D-organoid model derived from relapsed FNRMS and show that it finely mimics the characteristics of the original tumor, including inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity. Moreover, we have established the proof-of-concept of their preclinical potential by re-evaluating the therapeutic opportunities of targeting apoptosis in FNRMS from a streamlined approach based on the exploitation of bulk and single-cell omics data
Objets, phares des musées canadiens
Ombre et lumiĂšre autour dâobjets phares Dans les musĂ©es nord-amĂ©ricains comme ailleurs dans le monde certaines Ćuvres et objets se dĂ©marquent. On les dĂ©signe parfois comme des Ćuvres de rĂ©fĂ©rence ou des objets icĂŽne. Les visiteurs frĂ©quentent les musĂ©es pour les voir ou les revoir. Objets de culte et objets fascinants, ils marquent profondĂ©ment lâexpĂ©rience de visite. Ce chantier de recherche menĂ© Ă lâUniversitĂ© du QuĂ©bec Ă MontrĂ©al sâinspire des travaux de Jacques Hainard sur les objets. Rappelons le constat que le conservateur du musĂ©e dâethnographie de NeuchĂątel formulait dans « Le musĂ©e cette obsession » : lâobjet nâest la vĂ©ritĂ© de rien de tout. Les objets musĂ©aux ne sont souvent que des prĂ©textes Ă raconter des histoires. En ce sens, bien des musĂ©es manipulent dans les expositions les objets en les dĂ©tournant de leur sens ou tout simplement en les utilisant pour soutenir un discours qui nâa pas toujours Ă voir avec leur vĂ©ritable signification. Il y a une dizaine dâannĂ©es, je me suis penchĂ© sur un cas emblĂ©matique de la musĂ©ologie canadienne. LâĂ©tude de lâastrolabe de Champlain (1) a permis de comprendre que lâobjet le plus important des collections canadiennes Ă©tait probablement un faux. Pourtant, cet objet, perdu au XVIIe siĂšcle et retrouvĂ© lâannĂ©e de la ConfĂ©dĂ©ration canadienne en 1867 et rachetĂ© par le gouvernement canadien en 1989 pour lâouverture du nouveau MusĂ©e canadien des civilisations (MusĂ©e canadien de lâhistoire depuis 2012), a permis de mettre en lumiĂšre comment un simple objet pouvait devenir fondamental dans la construction dâune identitĂ© nationale. Ă la suite de travaux exploratoires, jâai proposĂ© Ă un groupe dâĂ©tudiants de musĂ©ologie de poursuivre cette piste et dâidentifier dans les musĂ©es quĂ©bĂ©cois et canadiens les objets qui synthĂ©tisent en quelque sorte la mission du MusĂ©e et auxquels on accorde un statut particulier. Câest dans ce contexte quâa pris forme ce corpus dâĆuvres et dâobjets phares. LâintĂ©rĂȘt de ces articles rĂ©side dans le constat qui sâen dĂ©gage : les musĂ©es ne sont pas comme on le rĂ©pĂšte souvent « des lieux de conservation du patrimoine national », les musĂ©es sont aussi des lieux de production du patrimoine. Ces objets phares deviennent des prĂ©textes Ă diffuser des discours. En rĂ©alitĂ©, nous avons constatĂ© que lâauthenticitĂ© des objets avait finalement peu dâimportance, car le vĂ©ritable enjeu se situe plutĂŽt autour de la construction dâun discours centrĂ© sur la construction dâidentitĂ©s collectives. Ces objets phares prennent habituellement place dans les expositions permanentes et servent de repĂšres dans le discours des musĂ©es sur lâidentitĂ© des communautĂ©s quâelle soit nationale, rĂ©gionale ou locale. Ce groupe de jeunes chercheurs en musĂ©ologie propose une analyse originale de ce corpus documentaire en apportant un Ă©clairage neuf sur le statut des objets musĂ©aux. Yves Bergeron (1) Yves Bergeron. Astrolabe de Champlain : parcours d'un objet mythique du patrimoine canadien. http://www.ameriquefrancaise.org/fr/article-53/Astrolabe_de_Champlain_:_parcours_d'un_objet_mythique_du_patrimoine_canadien.html#.WEgNQHd7TNA ____________________________________________________________
Fusion-negative rhabdomyosarcoma 3D organoids to predict effective drug combinations: A proof-of-concept on cell death inducers
International audienceHighlights d Relapsed rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) 3D organoids can be derived from needle biopsies d RMS 3D organoids finely preserve inter-and intra-tumor heterogeneity d Transcriptomic approach reveals Survivin as a key apoptosis blockage point in RMS d RMS 3D organoids are powerful tools to design and/or reexplore drug combinations Author