The Relationship Between Measures of Impulsivity and Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder

The current article presents findings on the interaction between impulsivity features and clinical characteristics of patients with alcohol use disorders (AUD). Patients (n = 88), who were completing detoxification program for the symptoms of AUD, were recruited for the study. They completed biographical questionnaire, Penn CravingScale (PACS), self-report screening measure of the symptoms of adult ADHD (ASRS v.1.1) and underwent a series of experimental tasks (Delay Discounting Task (DDT), Stroop Task, Continuous Performance Test-Identical Pairs (CPT-IP), Tower of London (ToL)). Two distinct groups of impulsivity features were identified using clusteranalysis. One group, which was comprised of DDT and ToL measures, described the level of impulsivity during the decision-making process. The second group included Stroop task and CPT-IP measures and expressed the level of response inhibition and interference control. In addition, the model of interaction between measuresof impulsivity and clinical characteristics of patients was developed. The self-report measure of inattention and hyperactivity had significant effect on the level of craving and the duration of remission. No significant relationships were observed between DDT clinical characteristics. Keywords: impulsivity, alcohol use disorder, delay discounting, stroop task, Tower of London, CPT-IP, craving, ASR

Осел Гумбольдта: транспорт, транспортные сети и инфраструктуры как фактор полевых исследований2

Transport, transport networks, and infrastructures are considered in this article as factors that influence the course and results of scientific field research, the work of field stations, and the scientists themselves. To determine the nature and mechanism of such an influence, the author turns to a wide range of cases from different historical, geographical, and disciplinary contexts associated with the use of water, rail, road, and air transport in the process of fieldwork or for moving to the field. Time in motion is contemplated as a process structured with various practices and impressions that have a direct impact on the knowledge gained in the field and on the experience of fieldwork in general. The article highlights the role of vehicles as a "scientific instrument" since they mediate the relationship between an observer and a space as an object of observation. Based on an analysis of several cases, the author concluded that transport in the context of field science influences the system of scientific hierarchies, serves as a place for communication between scientists, and proposes changing roles for participants during scientific travel. Transport and its relevance for a particular landscape or field could be an important factor for the success of the research and the safety of its participants. The use of transport might involve certain risks that researchers try to anticipate and, if possible, avoid

The main reasons for the exit of entrepreneurs from business

The purpose of the article is to study the reasons for the termination of entrepreneurial activity, as well as the accumulated experience of entrepreneurs leaving their business. Research on the principles and concepts of business termination became widespread in the late twentieth and early twenty-first century. At first, only Western European and American scientists were interested in this problem. Since 2005, the geography of researchers has expanded significantly. Our analysis is based on the consideration of monographs, articles in peer-reviewed scientific journals, published working papers and research reports. The article presents the characteristics of the main reasons and ways of entrepreneurs out of business. Author proposes their classification and systematization. The results of the study can be used in scientific research of entrepreneurship. They can be used in the educational activities of higher educational institutions. The results are of interest to existing entrepreneurs, helping them to properly build business exit programs

Evaluation of indicators of entrepreneurial potential in 2018

Entrepreneurial potential of the population is largely determined by how adults evaluate their intentions in terms of creating their own business. The purpose of the study was to assess the existing indicators in 2018 that characterize the potential entrepreneurial activity of the population in different countries. The self-assessment of people on such factors as their ability and ability to create their own businesses, entrepreneurial purposes, fear of failure in this activity, as well as the presence of familiar entrepreneurs were considered as the estimated indicators. The study used information from the Global entrepreneurship monitor for 2018 for 48 countries. Three hypotheses were tested using mathematical models representing the density functions of the normal distribution. Five indicators of entrepreneurial potential were used to determine their average values for the countries under consideration. Countries with high and low values of indicators were identified. A comparative analysis of the entrepreneurial potential in Russia and foreign countries is carried out

Оценка специализации начинающих предпринимателей различных стран в 2018 году

Entrepreneurship is of great value in the modern economy. It provides a significant increase in the production of goods, works and services in the vast majority of countries, creates new jobs, increases the level of competitiveness and innovation. The article is devoted to the study of involvement in different type entrepreneurship activity. The study was based on data results on the adult population survey, i.e. between the ages of 18 and 64 years. The global monitoring process collected data on a wide range of indicators characterizing female and male entrepreneurship for 48 countries in 2018. During the made study, following two hypotheses were confirmed: indicators of specific weight of early entrepreneurs that specialize in certain types of activities differ significantly according to the countries; in most countries, activities such as trade and variety of services predominate in the early stages of entrepreneurial activity. The results of the research, which have scientific novelty, are as follows: analyze of the existing levels of sector specialization of early entrepreneurs; high quality  approximation of the initial data by the dependences given in the article is proved; proved the predominance in most countries of early entrepreneurs, specialized in wholesale and retail trade; installed countries with high and low levels of the considered indicators.El emprendimiento es de gran valor en la economía moderna. Proporciona un aumento significativo en la producción de bienes, obras y servicios en la gran mayoría de los países, crea nuevos empleos, aumenta el nivel de competitividad e innovación. El artículo está dedicado al estudio de la participación en diferentes tipos de actividad empresarial. El estudio se basó en los resultados de los datos de la encuesta de población adulta, es decir, entre las edades de 18 y 64 años. El proceso de monitoreo global recopiló datos sobre una amplia gama de indicadores que caracterizan el emprendimiento femenino y masculino para 48 países en 2018. Durante el estudio realizado, se confirmaron dos hipótesis: los indicadores del peso específico de los primeros empresarios que se especializan en ciertos tipos de actividades difieren significativamente segun los paises; En la mayoría de los países, actividades como el comercio y la variedad de servicios predominan en las primeras etapas de la actividad empresarial. Los resultados de la investigación, que tienen novedad científica, son los siguientes: analizar los niveles existentes de especialización sectorial de los primeros empresarios; se demuestra una aproximación de alta calidad de los datos iniciales por las dependencias dadas en el artículo; demostró el predominio en la mayoría de los países de los primeros empresarios, especializados en el comercio mayorista y minorista; países instalados con niveles altos y bajos de los indicadores considerados.Предпринимательство имеет большое значение в современных национальных экономиках. Оно создает предпосылки увеличения обеспеченностью населения товарами, работами и услугами во многих странах, создания новых рабочих мест, повышения уровня конкурентоспособности и инноваций. В статье рассматриваются индикаторы  специализации ранних предпринимателей. В исследовании были использованы итоги  социологического опроса начинающих бизнесменов в возрасте от 18 до 64 лет. В 2018 году такое обследование включало данные по 48 странам. Тестировались и были подтверждены две гипотезы: конкретные показатели веса ранних предпринимателей, специализирующихся на определенных видах деятельности, существенно различаются по странам; в большинстве стран такие виды деятельности, как торговля и разнообразие услуг, преобладают на ранних стадиях предпринимательской деятельности. К результатам исследования, которые имеют оригинальность, относятся: определение сложившихся  уровней отраслевой специализации ранних предпринимателей; высокое качество разработанных математических моделей; доказано, что в большинстве стран преобладают ранние предприниматели, специализирующиеся на оптовой и розничной торговле; выявлены страны, с высокими и низкими уровнями рассматриваемых показателей

Association of polymorphisms of cardiovascular system genes with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss of Kazakh populations

The interrelation of polymorphic variants of coagulationand cardiovascular system geneswas studied: MTHFR (C677T, A1298C), MTR(А2756G), MTRR (A66G), F5 (А506G), F2 (G20210А),FGB (G455A), ITGB3 (Leu33Pro), PLANH1 (5G/4G); GPIa(C807T), AGTR1 (A1166C), ACE (I/D), eNOS (Glu298Asp)with development of idiopathic form of recurrent pregnancyloss (iRPL) in ethnically homogeneous populationof the Kazakhs. The results of independent replicativeTaqMan genotyping of 302 patients with iRPL and 300women with normal reproduction did not reveal an associationof studied polymorphisms with the developmentof iRPL in the Kazakh population

EFFECT OF THE COMPOSITION OF Ni(II) AND Co(II) COMPLEXES ON ELECTRODEPOSITION OF THE METALS FROM CITRATE BATHS.

The addition of amino compounds to citrate nickel plating baths facilitates plating by raising the nickel current efficiency due to a postulated formation of Ni(II) heteroligand complexes. This paper reports the electrodeposition of nickel and cobalt with the composition and nature of complexes in citrate and citrate-glycinate baths. The systems Ni(II)-H//3Cit; Ni(II)-H//3Cit-HGly and CO(II)-H//3Cit; and CO(II)-H//3Cit-HGly were studied as to complex formation and electrodeposition over a range of pH at an approximately 1:1 ratio of the original complexant concentrations to those of the coordinated entities. The plating rate was found to be a function of the composition of the complex in solution

Environmental Radicalism in Public Organizations of the FRG at the Present Stage

This article is devoted to the study of public environmental organizations in Germany. The largest of them are “NABU” and “BUND”, which have existed for a long time. They operate at a high scientific level throughout the country, from mass events and environmental education to study of global environmental problems and the development of ways to solve them. Particular attention is paid to radical environmental organizations such as “Robin Wood”, “Earth First!”, “Earth Liberation Front”and” Animal Liberation Front”. Their activities are concentrated locally, and their methods of solving environmental problems are harder. As a rule, eco-radical protests are aimed at attracting public attention and encouraging the ruling authorities to take measures to change the environmental situation in a particular region. The attitude of the population to such methods of struggle is ambiguous, but no one is indifferent. Despite the peak of activity of these organizations has passed, this does not prevent them from existing, conducting educational activities and attracting new supporters to their ranks, since some of their initiatives remain relevant to this day

ЗНАЧЕНИЕ МУНИЦИПАЛЬНЫХ ПРОГРАММ В БЮДЖЕТНОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ

The development and introduction into the budget process of programs designed for all levels of the Russian budget system made it possible to draw up the budget as a policy document defining targets and results to be achieved in the execution of the financial plan of the government. The relevance of the subject is determined by the reform of the budget process in the part of the budget expenditure planning. The local finances play a significant part in the financial system since they convey the results of the financial, economic and social activities of companies andorganizations to direct consumers of federal and municipal services and transform the economic potential intoconcrete results - a higher living standard or a comfortable environment. The purpose of the paper is to examine the organization and the legal support of municipal programs. The paper describes how a municipal program is developed and what methods are used to assess its effectiveness. It is concluded that program implementation reports should be published on a regular basis.Развитие и введение в составление бюджета программ, разработанных для всех уровней, позволили составить бюджет как программный документ, определяющий цели и результаты, которые будут достигнуты при выполнении финансового плана Правительства. В статье рассматривается реформа в составлении бюджета в части планирования расходов. Местные финансы играют значительную роль в финансовой системе, так как они передают результаты финансовой, экономической и общественной деятельности компаний и организаций непосредственным потребителям федеральных и муниципальных услуг и преобразуют экономический потенциал в конкретные результаты - более высокий уровень жизни или комфортные условия. Цель статьи - исследовать уровень организации и юридической поддержки муниципальных программ. В статье описывается, как разработана муниципальная программа и какие методы используются для оценки ее эффективность. Авторы приходят к выводу, что отчеты о внедрении программы должны публиковаться на регулярной основе