Hierarchical Optimal Transport for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation

In this paper, we propose a novel approach for unsupervised domain adaptation, that relates notions of optimal transport, learning probability measures and unsupervised learning. The proposed approach, HOT-DA, is based on a hierarchical formulation of optimal transport, that leverages beyond the geometrical information captured by the ground metric, richer structural information in the source and target domains. The additional information in the labeled source domain is formed instinctively by grouping samples into structures according to their class labels. While exploring hidden structures in the unlabeled target domain is reduced to the problem of learning probability measures through Wasserstein barycenter, which we prove to be equivalent to spectral clustering. Experiments on a toy dataset with controllable complexity and two challenging visual adaptation datasets show the superiority of the proposed approach over the state-of-the-art

Long-term results of a post-partum bilateral Garden 4 femoral neck fracture in a young woman with transient osteoporosis treated with closed reduction and internal fixation

Bilateral femoral neck fractures are very rare conditions. In our knowledge, only five cases were reported of bilateral acute femoral neck fracture secondary to transient osteoporosis. The present case is the first with a long-term follow up after treatment with closed reduction and internal fixation. A 32-year-old women was admitted to the emergency orthopedic clinic due to severe pain in both hips and an inability to walk one-day post-partum. Clinical examination revealed bilateral externally rotated legs and X-ray showed bilateral Garden 4 displaced subcapital fracture of the neck of the femur. The patient was operated on urgently by closed reduction and internal fixation.  Osteoporosis was found in the measurements of bone mineral density and bisphosphonate with vitamin D medication was started. 6 years after surgery the patient can carry out her daily activities without limitation. His Harris hip score was 97 points/right and 95 points/left; and the X-ray was normal regarding osteoarthritis and avascular necrosis. Internal fixation should be the primary choice for the treatment of a bilateral femoral neck fractures with a high degree of displacement in young adults even with reversible poor bone quality condition such transient osteoporosis.

Maladie d’alzheimer et autres démences: Expérience du Centre Mémoire de Rabat; à travers 349 cas.

A l’échelle mondiale, le vieillissement de la population s’accélère, avec une augmentation du nombre des personnes atteintes de maladies liées à l’âge. Ce vieillissement touchera tout autant les pays en voie de développement que les pays développés. Parallèlement au phénomène du vieillissement, les démences en général et la maladie d’Alzheimer en particulier ne font que gagner du terrain. Au Maroc en 2007, l’OMS estimait à 73 000 le nombre de patients souffrant de démences sachant que celles-ci restent nettement sous diagnostiquées. La prise en charge de la démence est une démarche dont le Centre Mémoire constitue l’interface essentielle entre le savoir médical et les expressions de la maladie démentielle à travers l’ensemble malade-aidant-société. Le Centre Mémoire autorise une vue d’ensemble sur les démences dans notre pays, permettant ainsi de mieux cerner les particularités et priorités locales. Notre travail comprend deux parties: la première partie aborde les Consultations Mémoire dans leur historique, leurs objectifs, leur organisation et axes de soins. dans la deuxième partie, nous rapportons l’expérience du Centre Mémoire de Rabat, de Janvier 2000 à Avril 2009, à travers les résultats d’une série de 349 patients consécutifs atteints de démence. Ces résultats sont ensuite commentés en les comparant à ceux d’expériences analogues rapportées dans la littérature médicale. Ainsi, comme cela est décrit ailleurs, les démences dégénératives représentent le premier mécanisme étiopathogénique de notre série, suivi du mécanisme vasculaire. La maladie d’Alzheimer est l’étiologie de démence la plus fréquente. La démence mixte constitue le troisième mécanisme, suivie par les démences infectieuses, parmi lesquelles la neuro-syphilis est retrouvée dans environ 70% des cas. D’autres étiologies diverses sont diagnostiquées telles que des maladies inflammatoires ou encore des maladies potentiellement neurochirurgicales. Ces étiologies secondaires affectent plus fréquemment les patients de moins de 65 ans. Ce groupe de démences précoces constitue 44,4% de notre série, et leurs étiologies doivent être minutieusement recherchées par une enquête exhaustive. Toutefois, la maladie d’Alzheimer est la première cause de démence même dans cette sous-population. Ce travail est plus axé sur l’épidémiologie, le diagnostic de la démence et des ses étiologies que sur un abord des moyens thérapeutiques

When Domain Adaptation Meets Semi-supervised Learning Through Optimal Transport

Part 1: Adaptive Modeling/Cloud Data ModelsInternational audienceThis paper deals with the problem of unsupervised domain adaptation that aims to learn a classifier with a slight target risk while labeled samples are only available in the source domain. The proposed approach, called DA-SSL (Domain Adaptation meets Semi-Supervised Learning) attempts to find a joint subspace of the source and target domains using Linear Discriminant Analysis, such that the projections of the data into this latent subspace can be both domain invariant and discriminative. This aim, however, can be rather difficult to accomplish because of the missing labeled data in the target domain. To defeat this challenge, we use an incremental semi-supervised approach based on optimal transport theory, that conducts selective pseudo-labeling for unlabeled target instances. The selected pseudo-labeled target data are then combined with the source data to incrementally learn a robust classifier in a self-training fashion after the subspace alignment. Experiments show the competitiveness of the proposed approach over contemporary state-of-the-art methods on two benchmark domain adaptation datasets. We make our code publicly available (Code is available at: https://github.com/MouradElHamri/DA-SSL)

Bilateral Distal Clavicle Nonunion: A Case Report

Bilateral clavicle nonunion is extremely rare (4 published cases), and no case of bilateral distal clavicle nonunion has been reported in the literature. We present the case of a 75-year-old patient followed up for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, presenting a bilateral fracture of the distal clavicle type “Neer 1” following a road traffic accident and orthopedically treated. After 1 year, the patient complained of mild pain at both shoulders occasionally in cold weather and during an unusual effort without neurovascular symptom associated. The shoulder radiographs showed bilateral distal clavicle nonunion. We chose a conservative treatment because of the mild symptomatology, advanced age, and limited functional demands. The functional outcome was satisfactory. The therapeutic decision in the treatment of the bilateral distal clavicle nonunion is difficult, whereas the therapeutic indications are based on symptomatology, functional impairment, age, comorbidities, and functional demands