Neoliberalism in Argentina: The impact on the visual arts in their practices and pedagogies

El trabajo aborda la producción de las artes visuales desde sus prácticas y procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en cruce con las políticas neoliberales en Argentina. Nos interesa detenernos en identificar cómo se introduce esta doctrina política y los alcances que llega a tener en las artes visuales hasta la actualidad. El recorrido que se propone es a través de una perspectiva interdisciplinaria guiada por la lectura de autores clave. Proceso que nos permite poner en tensión y/o articular universos conceptuales, prácticas y territorios; entramados con el contexto social, político y económico del país durante los años noventa y el principio de siglo. Para indagar en este análisis se tiene en cuenta el rol del Estado, la intervención del llamado tercer sector y el surgimiento de proyectos pedagógicos privados, como las clínicas de arte (Zuain y Giménez, 2009) y las residencias (Mellado, 2015; Sepúlveda y Petroni, 2011) en los procesos de formación e inscripción de los artistas visuales. Por otro lado, nos proponemos indagar en torno a pedagogías des-territorializadas identificando operaciones extractivistas de carácter epistémico y cultural para reflexionar sobre las condiciones de producción artística, en Argentina, durante la última década de los años noventa y principios de los dos mil (Grosfoguel, 2016).The work addresses the production of the visual arts from its teaching and learning practices and processes in intersection with neoliberal policies in Argentina. We are interested in identifying how this political doctrine is introduced and the scope it has in the visual arts to date. The route that is proposed is through an interdisciplinary perspective guided by the reading of key authors. Process that allows us to put in tension and / or articulate conceptual universes, practices and territories; intertwined with the social, political and economic context of the country during the nineties and the beginning of the century. To investigate in this analysis, the role of the State, the intervention of the so-called “third sector” and the emergence of private pedagogical projects, such as art clinics (Zuain and Giménez, 2009) and residences (Mellado, 2015; Sepúlveda and Petroni, 2011) in the training and enrollment processes of visual artists. On the other hand, we intend to investigate de-territorialized pedagogies, identifying extractive operations of an epistemic and cultural nature in order to reflect on the conditions of artistic production, in Argentina, during the last decade of the nineties and the beginning of the two thousand (Grosfoguel, 2016).Fil: Benito, Patricia Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Ciencias Humanas, Sociales y Ambientales; Argentin

Autonomous management in contemporary art territory (Argentina 2001-2015): A methodological proposal from the possibilities of the ARS

El presente trabajo aborda las gestiones autónomas en el arte argentino entre los años 2001 al 2015. El enfoque de análisis propuesto se centra en el concepto de territorio desde una perspectiva transdisciplinaria y en particular, en relación al campo de las artes visuales contemporáneas. En este sentido, la pregunta que configura nuestro trabajo es si, estos proyectos que se autoperciben autónomos, logran una soberanía real en función de sus prácticas o quedan sujetos a decisiones de carácter geopolítico que terminan siempre por condicionarlas. De esta manera, se trabaja en una primera instancia con los datos relevados por el Proyecto C.A.R.A. y posteriormente se realiza un diseño metodológico que nos permite configurar dos planteos cartográficos a partir del ARS trabajando sincrónicamente las redes y matrices obtenidas. A partir de lo cual se busca graficar, a través del software UCINET, las gestiones autónomas en territorio y, su vez, realizar la creación de una matriz cromática relacional basada en los registros conductuales que nos permita conformar un mapeo del territorio simbólico hacia el interior de las gestiones. Los resultados obtenidos dan cuenta de una perspectiva histórica de los proyectos de gestión autónoma en el país, cómo ha sido la distribución de este tipo de propuestas en relación a 6 regiones que se encuentran regidas por políticas de administración del patrimonio cultural nacional y por último, de la configuración de un territorio propio en el que se observa cómo han sido las formas de operar del conjunto de gestiones relevadas en relación a la agenda de actividades, las fuentes de financiamiento y las vías de comunicación utilizadas.The present work addresses the autonomous management in Argentine art between 2001 and 2015. The proposed analysis approach focuses on the concept of territory from a transdisciplinary perspective and in particular, in relation to the field of contemporary visual arts. In this sense, the question that shapes our work is whether these projects, which perceive themselves as autonomous, achieve real sovereignty based on their practices or are they subject to geopolitical decisions that always end up conditioning them?. In this way, we work in the first instance with the data collected by the C.A.R.A. and later a methodological design is carried out that allows us to configure two cartographic proposals based on the ARS working synchronously with the networks and matrices obtained. From which it is sought to graph, through the UCINET software, the autonomous management in the territory and, in turn, to create a relational chromatic matrix based on behavioral registers that allows us to form a mapping of the symbolic territory towards the interior of the procedures. The results obtained give account of a historical perspective of the autonomous management projects in the country, how the distribution of this type of proposals has been in relation to 6 regions that are governed by administration policies of the national cultural heritage and finally, of the configuration of its own territory in which it is observed how the ways of operating the set of procedures surveyed have been in relation to the agenda of activities, the sources of financing and the communication channels used.Fil: Benito, Patricia Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Ciencias Humanas, Sociales y Ambientales; Argentin

La gestión autónoma en territorio del arte contemporáneo argentino (2001-2015). Una propuesta metodológica desde las posibilidades del ARS

The present work addresses the autonomous management in Argentine art between 2001 and 2015. The proposed analysis approach focuses on the concept of territory from a transdisciplinary perspective and in particular, in relation to the field of contemporary visual arts. In this sense, the question that shapes our work is whether these projects, which perceive themselves as autonomous, achieve real sovereignty based on their practices, or are they subject to geopolitical decisions that always end up conditioning them?. In this way, we work in the first instance with the data collected by the C.A.R.A., and later a methodological design is carried out that allows us to configure two cartographic proposals based on the ARS working synchronously with the networks and matrices obtained. From which it is sought to graph, through the UCINET software, the autonomous management in the territory and, in turn, to create a relational chromatic matrix based on behavioral registers that allow us to form a mapping of the symbolic territory towards the interior of the procedures. The results obtained give an account of a historical perspective of the autonomous management projects in the country, how the distribution of this type of proposals has been in relation to 6 regions that are governed by administration policies of the national cultural heritage, and finally, of the configuration of its own territory in which it is observed how the ways of operating the set of procedures surveyed have been in relation to the agenda of activities, the sources of financing and the communication channels used.El presente trabajo aborda las gestiones autónomas en el arte argentino entre los años 2001 al 2015. El enfoque de análisis propuesto se centra en el concepto de territorio desde una perspectiva transdisciplinaria y en particular, en relación al campo de las artes visuales contemporáneas. En este sentido, la pregunta que configura nuestro trabajo es si, estos proyectos que se autoperciben autónomos, logran una soberanía real en función de sus prácticas o quedan sujetos a decisiones de carácter geopolítico que terminan siempre por condicionarlas. De esta manera, se trabaja en una primera instancia con los datos relevados por el Proyecto C.A.R.A. y posteriormente se realiza un diseño metodológico que nos permite configurar dos planteos cartográficos a partir del ARS2 trabajando sincrónicamente las redes y matrices obtenidas. A partir de lo cual se busca graficar, a través del software UCINET, las gestiones autónomas en territorio y, su vez, realizar la creación de una matriz cromática relacional basada en los registros conductuales que nos permita conformar un mapeo del territorio simbólico hacia el interior de las gestiones. Los resultados obtenidos dan cuenta de una perspectiva histórica de los proyectos de gestión autónoma en el país, cómo ha sido la distribución de este tipo de propuestas en relación a 6 regiones que se encuentran regidas por políticas de administración del patrimonio cultural nacional y por último, de la configuración de un territorio propio en el que se observa cómo han sido las formas de operar del conjunto de gestiones relevadas en relación a la agenda de actividades, las fuentes de financiamiento y las vías de comunicación utilizadas

Methods for generating year-round access to amphioxus in the laboratory.

Cephalochordates, commonly known as amphioxus, are key to understanding vertebrate origins. However, laboratory work suffers from limited access to adults and embryonic material. Here we report the design and experimental validation of an inland marine facility that allows establishing stable amphioxus colonies in the laboratory and obtaining embryos at any time of day and over almost the entire year, far exceeding natural conditions. This is achieved by mimicking the natural benthic environment, natural day- and moon- light, natural substrate and by providing a strictly controlled and seasonally fluctuating temperature regimen. Moreover, supplemented algae diets allow animals to refill their gonads in consecutive years. Spontaneous spawning, a major problem in previous setups, no longer occurs in our facility; instead, all breeding is induced and fertilization occurs fully in vitro. Our system makes amphioxus a standard laboratory animal model

Not all COVID-19 pandemic waves are alike

Objective: We aimed to assess differences in patients' profiles in the first two surges of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic in Barcelona, Spain. Methods: We prospectively collected data from all adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosed at the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. All the patients were diagnosed through nasopharyngeal swab PCR. The first surge spanned from 1st March to 13th August 2020, while surge two spanned from 14th August to 8th December 2020. Results: There were 2479 and 852 patients with microbiologically proven SARS-CoV-2 infection in surges one and two, respectively. Patients from surge two were significantly younger (median age 52 (IQR 35) versus 59 (40) years, respectively, p < 0.001), had fewer comorbidities (379/852, 44.5% versus 1237/2479, 49.9%, p 0.007), and there was a shorter interval between onset of symptoms and diagnosis (median 3 (5) versus 4 (5) days, p < 0.001). All-cause in-hospital mortality significantly decreased for both the whole population (24/852, 2.8% versus 218/2479, 8.8%, p < 0.001) and hospitalized patients (20/302, 6.6% versus 206/1570, 13.1%, p 0.012). At adjusted logistic regression analysis, predictors of in-hospital mortality were older age (per year, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.079, 95%CI 1.063-1.094), male sex (aOR 1.476, 95%CI 1.079-2.018), having comorbidities (aOR 1.414, 95%CI 0.934-2.141), ICU admission (aOR 3.812, 95%CI 1.875-7.751), mechanical ventilation (aOR 2.076, 95%CI 0.968-4.454), and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during surge one (with respect to surge two) (aOR 2.176, 95%CI 1.286-3.680). Conclusions: First-wave SARS-CoV-2-infected patients had a more than two-fold higher in-hospital mortality than second-wave patients. The causes are likely multifactorial

The extent of aortic lymphadenectomy in locally advanced cervical cancer impacts on survival

Cáncer de cuello de útero; Supervivencia libre de enfermedad; Metástasis linfáticaCàncer de coll de l'úter; Supervivència lliure de malaltia; Metàstasi limfàticaCervical Cancer; Disease-Free Survival; Lymphatic MetastasisObjective The prognostic impact of surgical paraaortic staging remains unclear in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). The objective of our study was to evaluate the results of the surgical technique of preoperative aortic lymphadenectomy in LACC related to tumor burden and disease spread to assess its influence on survival. Methods Data of 1,072 patients with cervical cancer were taken from 11 Spanish hospitals (Spain-Gynecologic Oncology Group [GOG] working group). Complete aortic lymphadenectomy surgery (CALS) was considered when the lymph nodes (LNs) were excised up to the left renal vein. The extent of the disease was performed evaluating the LNs by calculating the geometric means and quantifying the log odds between positive LNs and negative LNs. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the survival distribution. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to account for the influence of multiple variables. Results A total of 394 patients were included. Pathological analysis revealed positive aortic LNs in 119 patients (30%). LODDS cut-off value of −2 was established as a prognostic indicator. CALS and LODDS <−2 were associated with better disease free survival and overall survival than suboptimal aortic lymphadenectomy surgery and LODDS ≥−2. In a multivariate model analysis, CALS is revealed as an independent prognostic factor in LACC. Conclusion When performing preoperative surgical staging in LACC, it is not advisable to take simple samples from the regional nodes. Radical dissection of the aortic and pelvic regions offers a more reliable staging of the LNs and has a favorable influence on survival

Respuesta de la frecuencia cardiaca de anticipación y recuperación en función del nivel de entrenamiento aeróbico

Respuesta de la frecuencia cardiaca de anticipación y recuperación en función del nivel de entrenamiento aeróbico en deportista

Differences in the support needs of children with developmental disabilities among groups of medical and behavioral needs

Background/Aims. Medical and behavioral needs are relevant in organizing and providing support strategies that improve the quality of life for children, along with their families. The present study aims to examine the impact of medical and behavioral needs on the need for support of children with disabilities. Methods. Health and education professionals were interviewed using the Supports Intensity Scale-Children's version to estimate the support needs of 911 children and adolescents (5 16 years) with an intellectual disability, including 55.32% with an additional disability. For data analysis, a model for measuring support needs was specified, consisting of seven support needs factors and three method factors. In estimating the model, four groups of medical and behavioral needs were considered. The factor scores' means of the groups were compared through t -tests. Results. Medical and behavioral needs had an impact on overall support needs. Differences were found in all support domains for medical needs. The greatest influence of behavioral needs was found in the Social and School participation areas but was indistinguishable between the mild and moderate levels of needs. Conclusions. Medical and behavioral needs greatly affect the need for support in a child's daily life, so they need to be considered a priority for support services. The importance of standardized assessments is emphasized to help develop support strategies

Measuring support needs in children with motor disability: Validity and utility of the Supports Intensity Scale (SIS-C)

Background: It is unknown whether the Supports Intensity Scale-Children’s version (SIS-C) is valid and useful to assess support needs for children with motor and intellectual disabilities. Aims: (a) To assess the structural validity of the SIS-C using factor analyses in a sample of children with motor disabilities; and (b) to analyze the SIS-C’s reliability and its discriminative capacity in children with different levels of motor function. Methods and Procedures: A cross-sectional design was used to assess 210 children (aged 5–16 years). Among them, 88% had an intellectual disability and 84% had cerebral palsy, with variations in mobility (Gross Motor Function Classification System; level V: 56.19%), handling of objects (Manual Ability Classification System; level V: 38.09%), and communicating (Communication Function Classification System; level V: 42.86%). Outcomes and Results: The model with seven support needs factors and three method factors showed the best fit. The support needs model was reliable and indicated high convergent validity. However, the SIS-C scores showed a strong ceiling effect in children with more significant limitations in gross and fine motor functions. Conclusions and Implications: The seven-dimensional model of support needs could be replicated in children with motor disabilities. However, the usefulness of SIS-C is limited in discriminating between children with greater restrictions in mobility and handling of objects

Mindfulness y experiencias psicóticas en estudiantes universitarios

The study of the relation between psychotic experiences and mindfulness in the general population is linked to research into factors of risk and protection against the development of a psychotic disorder. This study looks into the presence of psychotic experiences in a sample of university students and whether there is any variation according to gender. It also analyzes the predictive and discriminant relation of mindfulness with these experiences. The sample consisted of 526 university students (72.8% women) with a mean age of 21.39 years (SD = 3.53). The results showed the presence of psychotic experiences with differing levels of intensity, with variations according to gender, and an inverse relationship between mindfulness and psychotic experiences. Results indicated that students with high scores in psychotic experiences had lower scores in mindfulness. Our findings imply that mindfulness may be a factor of protection against psychotic experiences and its training may have a role to play in the development and implementation of preventive and early intervention programs in risk groups in the general and clinical population.El estudio de la relación entre experiencias psicóticas y mindfulness en la población general se asocia con la investigación de factores de riesgo y protección frente al desarrollo de un trastorno psicótico. Con este estudio se pretende examinar la presencia de experiencias psicóticas en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios y sus diferencias según el sexo, así como analizar la relación predictiva y discriminante de mindfulness con estas experiencias. Los participantes fueron 526 estudiantes universitarios (72.8% mujeres) con una media de edad de 21.39 años (DT = 3.53). Los resultados mostraron la presencia de experiencias psicóticas con diferentes niveles de intensidad, diferencias según el sexo en las mismas, y una relación inversa entre mindfulness y las experiencias psicóticas, y se encontró que las personas con altas puntuaciones en experiencias psicóticas contaron con menores puntuaciones en mindfulness. Estos resultados suponen que mindfulness puede ser un factor de protección en la experimentación de experiencias psicóticas y su entrenamiento puede ser útil para implementación y desarrollo de programas preventivos y de intervención precoz en grupos de riesgo en población general y clínica