Collagenated heterologous cortico-cancelleus bone mix stimulated dental pulp derived stem cells

Collagenated heretologous cortico-cancelleus bone mix (CHCCBM) is largely employed in maxillary and dental surgery for regeneration procedures, and is similar to human bone from chemical and physical point of view and promotes osteogenesis. In order to get more inside how this biomaterial induces osteoblast gene expression to promote bone formation, the mRNA levels of bone related genes were compared in human osteoblasts and dental pulp stem cells, using real time RT-PCR. The obtained results demonstrated that CHCCBM enhance stem cells differentiation and deposition of matrix by the activation of osteoblast related genes SP7, FOSL1 and SPP1

Cerebral vasomotor reactivity assessment using transcranial doppler and MRI with apnea test

CNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULODifferently from previous studies that used Transcranial Doppler (TCD) and functional MRI (fMRI) for cerebral vasomotor reactivity (CVR) assessment in patients with carotid stenosis (CS), we assessed CVR using an identical stimulus, the Breath-Holding Test (BHT). We included 15 patients with CS and 7 age-matched controls to verify whether fMRI responded differently to BHT between groups and to calculate the agreement rate between tests. For TCD, impaired CVR was defined when the mean percentage increase on middle cerebral artery velocities was p31% on 3 consecutive 30-s apnea intercalated by 4-min normal breathing intervals. For fMRI, the percent variation on blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal intensity in the lentiform nucleus (LN) ipsilateral to the CS (or both LNs for controls) from baseline breathing to apnea was measured. The Euclidian differences between the series of each subject and the series of controls and patients classified it into normal or impaired CVR. We found different percent variations on BOLD-signal intensities between groups (P=0.032). The agreement was good in Controls (85.7%; kappa=0.69) and overall (77.3%; kappa=0.54). We conclude that BHT was feasible for CVR assessment on fMRI and elicited different BOLD responses in patients and controls, with a good overall agreement between the tests.Differently from previous studies that used Transcranial Doppler (TCD) and functional MRI (fMRI) for cerebral vasomotor reactivity (CVR) assessment in patients with carotid stenosis (CS), we assessed CVR using an identical stimulus, the Breath-Holding Test (BHT). We included 15 patients with CS and 7 age-matched controls to verify whether fMRI responded differently to BHT between groups and to calculate the agreement rate between tests. For TCD, impaired CVR was defined when the mean percentage increase on middle cerebral artery velocities was p31% on 3 consecutive 30-s apnea intercalated by 4-min normal breathing intervals. For fMRI, the percent variation on blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal intensity in the lentiform nucleus (LN) ipsilateral to the CS (or both LNs for controls) from baseline breathing to apnea was measured. The Euclidian differences between the series of each subject and the series of controls and patients classified it into normal or impaired CVR. We found different percent variations on BOLD-signal intensities between groups (P=0.032). The agreement was good in Controls (85.7%, kappa=0.69) and overall (77.3%, kappa=0.54). We conclude that BHT was feasible for CVR assessment on fMRI and elicited different BOLD responses in patients and controls, with a good overall agreement between the tests.491118CNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO2010/52027-1, 2013/07559-3480976/2010-4The institutional support of Prof. Fernando Cendes and the Neurovascular Study Group, as well as the kind assistance of Ms. Isilda Assumpcao (RN) and team, are gratefully acknowledged. This research was supported by FAPESP (Process 2010/52027-1 and 2013/07559-3) and CNPq (Process 480976/2010-4)

Custom made/patient specific alloplastic total temporomandibular joint replacement in immature patient: a case report and short review of literature

OBJECTIVE: Temporomandibular joint reconstructive surgery in a growing patient represents a challenging situation. Autogenous and alloplastic reconstructive options are being studied in literature; however, there are still some limitations. The objective of this case report is to evaluate a novel custom-made prosthetic system in a 12-year-old TMJ ankylosis patient. CASE PRESENTATION: The patient had complaints of temporomandibular joint ankylosis and hypoplasia. The patient had already been operated two times with autogenous grafts. Swelling and tumefaction were apparent on the right side of the face. Mouth opening was 1.5 centimeters, with limitations in lateral and protrusive movements of the jaws. Hypertonic muscles and pain upon palpation were registered. There were no signs of luxation, fracture, or traumatic avulsion. After examination, unilateral TMJ ankylosis was apparent on TC scans. Revision surgery was planned with the use of true plastic temporomandibular joint customized prosthesis. The patient underwent a TMJ reconstruction surgery using CADCAM custom-made patient specific prosthesis. The follow up period of this patient was 46 months and showed successful healing with no complications. CONCLUSIONS: Replacement of TMJ with custom made alloplastic material that is reported can be considered as a safe and useful option for growing young individuals in selected cases

Open reduction and internal fixation without rigid maxillomandibular fixation: evidence based or merely a surgical dictum? A comparative pilot study on 24 cases

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate the results and immediate postoperative complications following open reduction and internal fixation of mandibular fractures with or without postoperative maxillo-mandibular fixation MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study spanned over a period of 24 months, extending from October 2015 to October 2017. The study sample comprised 24 subjects between the age range of 18 to 65 years. They were randomly divided into two groups: Group A included subjects in whom open reduction and internal fixation was followed by maxilla-mandibular fixation for 15 days, and Group B subjects in whom only open reduction and internal fixation was done, followed by immediate mobilization. The outcomes evaluated were swelling, pain, simplified oral hygiene index and occlusion. The subjects were followed for all these outcomes on 1st, 7th and 15th days. The occlusion was assessed for 5 days. Any other intra/post-operative complications were additionally noted. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference between the groups for swelling, pain and occlusion. The patients with postoperative maxilla-mandibular fixation had poorer oral hygiene when compared to the other group (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The use of maxilla-mandibular fixation post open reduction and internal fixation seems to offer no additional benefits to the patients. According to the results of the study, this traditional surgical dictum seems to be used by the surgeons due to the lack of any scientific evidence. However, further studies should be conducted to confirm this statement

Solitary fibrous tumor of parotid gland: a case report and short review of literature

OBJECTIVE: This case report represents a solitary fibrous tumor, which is a very rare neoplasm in the parotid gland. CASE PRESENTATION: 80-year-old Caucasian female patient with palpable, immobile, painless, slow growing, semi-rigid-elastic neoplasm in the left parotid gland, that was existing for four months. There were no signs of inflammation and facial paralysis. The tumor was initially interpreted as a salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain origin. Fine needle aspiration was performed 2 times; however, the precise diagnosis was challenging. The tumor was excised, regional lymphadenectomy was performed. Morphological and immunophenotypical findings were consistent with solitary fibrous tumor of parotid gland. Currently, the patient is under regular follow-up period at 9 months with no evidence of metastasis or recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Although very rare, solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) should be suspected in cases of slow growing, solid, well-defined nodules of the parotid gland. The SFT of the parotid gland are usually benign tumors, however there is a low risk of recurrency and malignant behavior with metastatic potential. Complete resection of the tumor should be performed since it is crucial for management without any recurrence

Analysis and comparison of quality of life and patients’ satisfaction between dental-skeletal dysmorphisms and Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) patients following orthognathic surgery

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of orthognathic surgery on the patients’ satisfaction and quality of life (QoL) in patients with dental skeletal dysmorphisms and Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Patients were grouped into two cohorts, patients with OSA (G1) and patients with dento-skeletal dysmorphisms (G2). SF-36 questionnaire was obtained from all subjects before interventions. A standardized follow-up protocol, including a second SF-36 questionnaire was planned as at least 6 months after surgery. The impact of surgery on satisfaction was evaluated by post-operative patient satisfaction-based survey. RESULTS: 61 patients were included as: 21 OSA (G1), 12 Class II (G2-a) and 28 Class III (G2-b) patients. The mean post-operative follow-up was 65.47±26.36 months. In the SF-36 results, when pre and post operative surveys were compared, the quality of life increased significantly for G1 in all items except for body pain. In G2, when pre and post operative surveys were compared, the quality of life increased significantly in items related to emotional well-being, health transition, role limitations due to emotional problems, while other parameters did not significantly change. When groups were compared, there was no difference among them except for physical functioning which was improved for OSA patients. According to the Rustemeyer results, overall post-operative satisfaction score was 84.92±14.72%. There was a significant difference for patient satisfaction considering facial aesthetics in both groups. For chewing function there was no difference for patient satisfaction in G1, but there was a significant difference in G2 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Orthognathic surgery seems to be beneficial in terms of patients’ satisfaction and patients’ satisfaction for both dental skeletal dysmorphism and OSA patients

Oral rehabilitation of oncology patients with dental implants after reconstruction surgery with autogenous flaps

OBJECTIVE: Reconstruction after radical cancer surgery in terms of function and esthetics can be quite demanding. The aim of this study was to evaluate oral rehabilitation with autogenous flaps and dental implants for maxillofacial reconstruction in oncologic patients after implant insertions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study consisted of 19 patients diagnosed with either squamous cell carcinoma, fusocellular carcinoma, or mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The reconstruction of the maxillofacial defects was done with autogenous flaps (free fibular flap, antero-lateral thigh flap, radial forearm flap, or rotational pedicled temporal muscle flap). Implants were inserted on the average 32.03±19.51 months after reconstructive operations. A total of 82 implants were inserted. Mean follow-up after maxillo-facial surgery was 7.2 years (mean 86.56±22.04 months). Mean follow-up after implant insertions was 4.5 years (mean 54.6±21.82). Primary outcome was implant survival. Secondary outcome was evaluation of post-surgical complications. RESULTS: There were surgical revisions in seven patients after reconstructive surgery with flaps, mainly due to tumor relapse. Complications were seen in 11 patients. There was one implant failure. Overall implant survival rate was 98.8%. No relations were found between implant survival rate and gender, type of tumor, type of microvascular free flap, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and prosthesis type. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of this study, oral rehabilitation with dental implants inserted in free flaps for maxillofacial reconstruction after ablative oncologic surgery can be considered as a safe treatment modality with successful outcomes

Profiling Trait Anxiety: Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Cathepsin B (Ctsb) as a Novel Candidate Gene for Emotionality in Mice

Behavioral endophenotypes are determined by a multitude of counteracting but precisely balanced molecular and physiological mechanisms. In this study, we aim to identify potential novel molecular targets that contribute to the multigenic trait “anxiety”. We used microarrays to investigate the gene expression profiles of different brain regions within the limbic system of mice which were selectively bred for either high (HAB) or low (LAB) anxiety-related behavior, and also show signs of comorbid depression-like behavior

Developing cancer warning statements for alcoholic beverages

Background: There is growing evidence of the increased cancer risk associated with alcohol consumption, but this is not well understood by the general public. This study investigated the acceptability among drinkers of cancer warning statements for alcoholic beverages. Methods: Six focus groups were conducted with Australian drinkers to develop a series of cancer-related warning statements for alcohol products. Eleven cancer warning statements and one general health warning statement were subsequently tested on 2,168 drinkers via an online survey. The statements varied by message frame (positive vs negative), cancer reference (general vs specific), and the way causality was communicated (‘increases risk of cancer’ vs ‘can cause cancer’). Results: Overall, responses to the cancer statements were neutral to favorable, indicating that they are unlikely to encounter high levels of negative reaction from the community if introduced on alcoholic beverages. Females, younger respondents, and those with higher levels of education generally found the statements to be more believable, convincing, and personally relevant. Positively framed messages, those referring to specific forms of cancer, and those using ‘increases risk of cancer’ performed better than negatively framed messages, those referring to cancer in general, and those using the term ‘can cause cancer’. Conclusion: Cancer warning statements on alcoholic beverages constitute a potential means of increasing awareness about the relationship between alcohol consumption and cancer risk