11 research outputs found

    Le modèle des banques européennes entre le local et le global

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    European banks : between a local and a global model European banking groups are today reasonably diversified with an economic model based on a spread of local businesses and expanding global businesses. Restructuring in the banking sector has significantly increased competition in retail banking by creating stronger players. This puts pressure on unit costs in banking operations. The gradual disposal of non-core activities has picked up speed with the outsourcing of IT and certain mass processing operations. That should continue with the next relocation phase. Banks that worked within a group or country framework are beginning to relocate further and further away. Indications from Citigroup and the buyers of ABN suggest relocation could affect 10% of staff involved in local functions. It is a sizeable amount but only represents a theoretical 3-4% improvement in ROE, i. e. somewhat less than the potential benefit of industrial restructuring. In global banking, on the other hand, relocation naturally follows emerging wealth from new economies and the parallel development of financial systems. These diverging trends should intensify friction between local and global businesses. JEL classification : G21, G34, L23, N24Les groupes bancaires européens sont assez diversifiés et leur modèle économique repose sur un socle d’activités locales et un développement de métiers globaux. Les restructurations bancaires ont sensiblement accru l’intensité de la concurrence sur les marchés de banque de détail en créant des acteurs plus puissants. Cela nourrit une pression sur les coûts unitaires des opérations bancaires. Le mouvement lent de sortie d’activités périphériques s’est un peu accéléré avec l’externalisation de l’informatique et de certains traitements de masse. Cela devrait continuer avec la prochaine phase de délocalisation. Les banques qui opéraient dans un cadre intragroupe et intra-pays commencent à délocaliser plus et plus loin. Au vu des annonces de Citigroup et des repreneurs d’ABN, il nous semble que les délocalisations pourraient porter sur 10 % des effectifs des métiers locaux. C’est beaucoup mais cela ne représente qu’un gain théorique de 3 % ou 4 % de ROE, soit un potentiel assez inférieur à celui des restructurations industrielles. Par contre dans les métiers globaux, les délocalisations suivent naturellement l’émergence des richesses des économies nouvelles et le développement parallèle des systèmes financiers. Ces évolutions divergentes devraient encore accroître les « tensions » entre métiers locaux et globaux. Classification JEL : G21, G34, L23, N24Bellon Jean-Baptiste. Le modèle des banques européennes entre le local et le global. In: Revue d'économie financière, n°90, 2007. Finance et délocalisations, sous la direction de Thierry Walrafen et Charles-Albert Michalet. pp. 185-195

    Banque commerciale et banque d’investissement : où crée-t-on de la valeur ?

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    Commercial Bank and Investment Bank : Where Does Value Come From ? Measuring bank’s added-value is challenging. In its first part, this paper presents a definition and a method to compute added-value in the banking sector. This method highlights the respective contributions of the commercial bank and investment bank activities. It tends to show that shareholders bore the bigger part of the burden during the financial crisis. In a second part, the sound basis needed to promote the development of the banking sector are brought about with a model analyzing the different sources of value and the factors impacting them. Classification JEL : G01, G21, G24.Face aux difficultés de mesure de la valeur ajoutée des banques, cet article présente dans une première partie une définition et une méthode de calcul de la valeur ajoutée qui isole les contributions respectives des activités de banque commerciale et de banque d’investissement. Il met notamment en évidence que seuls les actionnaires ont réellement subi les conséquences de la crise financière. Dans un deuxième temps, les conditions propres à favoriser le développement du secteur bancaire sont exposées à l’aide d’un modèle d’analyse pointant les différentes sources de création de valeur par les banques et les facteurs l’affectant. Classification JEL : G01, G21, G24.Bellon Jean-Baptiste, Pauget Georges. Banque commerciale et banque d’investissement : où crée-t-on de la valeur ?. In: Revue d'économie financière, n°106, 2012. Système financier et création de valeur. pp. 153-168

    Banque commerciale et banque d’investissement : où crée-t-on de la valeur ?

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    Commercial Bank and Investment Bank : Where Does Value Come From ? Measuring bank’s added-value is challenging. In its first part, this paper presents a definition and a method to compute added-value in the banking sector. This method highlights the respective contributions of the commercial bank and investment bank activities. It tends to show that shareholders bore the bigger part of the burden during the financial crisis. In a second part, the sound basis needed to promote the development of the banking sector are brought about with a model analyzing the different sources of value and the factors impacting them. Classification JEL : G01, G21, G24.Face aux difficultés de mesure de la valeur ajoutée des banques, cet article présente dans une première partie une définition et une méthode de calcul de la valeur ajoutée qui isole les contributions respectives des activités de banque commerciale et de banque d’investissement. Il met notamment en évidence que seuls les actionnaires ont réellement subi les conséquences de la crise financière. Dans un deuxième temps, les conditions propres à favoriser le développement du secteur bancaire sont exposées à l’aide d’un modèle d’analyse pointant les différentes sources de création de valeur par les banques et les facteurs l’affectant. Classification JEL : G01, G21, G24.Bellon Jean-Baptiste, Pauget Georges. Banque commerciale et banque d’investissement : où crée-t-on de la valeur ?. In: Revue d'économie financière, n°106, 2012. Système financier et création de valeur. pp. 153-168

    Varia

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    Effect of general anaesthesia on functional outcome in patients with anterior circulation ischaemic stroke having endovascular thrombectomy versus standard care: a meta-analysis of individual patient data

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    Background: General anaesthesia (GA) during endovascular thrombectomy has been associated with worse patient outcomes in observational studies compared with patients treated without GA. We assessed functional outcome in ischaemic stroke patients with large vessel anterior circulation occlusion undergoing endovascular thrombectomy under GA, versus thrombectomy not under GA (with or without sedation) versus standard care (ie, no thrombectomy), stratified by the use of GA versus standard care. Methods: For this meta-analysis, patient-level data were pooled from all patients included in randomised trials in PuMed published between Jan 1, 2010, and May 31, 2017, that compared endovascular thrombectomy predominantly done with stent retrievers with standard care in anterior circulation ischaemic stroke patients (HERMES Collaboration). The primary outcome was functional outcome assessed by ordinal analysis of the modified Rankin scale (mRS) at 90 days in the GA and non-GA subgroups of patients treated with endovascular therapy versus those patients treated with standard care, adjusted for baseline prognostic variables. To account for between-trial variance we used mixed-effects modelling with a random effect for trials incorporated in all models. Bias was assessed using the Cochrane method. The meta-analysis was prospectively designed, but not registered. Findings: Seven trials were identified by our search; of 1764 patients included in these trials, 871 were allocated to endovascular thrombectomy and 893 were assigned standard care. After exclusion of 74 patients (72 did not undergo the procedure and two had missing data on anaesthetic strategy), 236 (30%) of 797 patients who had endovascular procedures were treated under GA. At baseline, patients receiving GA were younger and had a shorter delay between stroke onset and randomisation but they had similar pre-treatment clinical severity compared with patients who did not have GA. Endovascular thrombectomy improved functional outcome at 3 months both in patients who had GA (adjusted common odds ratio (cOR) 1·52, 95% CI 1·09–2·11, p=0·014) and in those who did not have GA (adjusted cOR 2·33, 95% CI 1·75–3·10, p<0·0001) versus standard care. However, outcomes were significantly better for patients who did not receive GA versus those who received GA (covariate-adjusted cOR 1·53, 95% CI 1·14–2·04, p=0·0044). The risk of bias and variability between studies was assessed to be low. Interpretation: Worse outcomes after endovascular thrombectomy were associated with GA, after adjustment for baseline prognostic variables. These data support avoidance of GA whenever possible. The procedure did, however, remain effective versus standard care in patients treated under GA, indicating that treatment should not be withheld in those who require anaesthesia for medical reasons
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