Automated region of interest retrieval and classification using spectral analysis

Efficient use of whole slide imaging in pathology needs automated region of interest (ROI) retrieval and classification, through the use of image analysis and data sorting tools. One possible method for data sorting uses Spectral Analysis for Dimensionality Reduction. We present some interesting results in the field of histopathology and cytohematology

Towards a computer aided diagnosis system dedicated to virtual microscopy based on stereology sampling and diffusion maps

An original strategy is presented, combining stereological sampling methods based on test grids and data reduction methods based on diffusion maps, in order to build a knowledge image database with no bias introduced by a subjective choice of exploration areas. The practical application of the exposed methodology concerns virtual slides of breast tumors

Prognostic Implications of the Residual Tumor Microenvironment after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients without Pathological Complete Response

Simple Summary Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is currently in the clinical research spotlight because of the tumor's aggressive and invasive nature and the scarcity of therapeutic targets. Despite recent advances in identifying reliable prognostic biomarkers in the tumor microenvironment (TME), rigorous evaluation of their predictive capacity remains challenging. We describe the immune cellular and genetic profile of the residual tumor of TNBC that does not achieve a pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). A high concentration of lymphocytes and dendritic cells, as well as genetic TME markers such as MUC-1 and CXCL13 in the residual tumor, are valuable prognostic factors of survival and relapse in TNBC patients. From a clinical health perspective, a thorough understanding of the composition of the TME and its prognostic implications might yield relevant immunological information and reveal key predictive biomarkers. This could ultimately help substantially improve the outcomes of residual cancer-burdened TNBC patients after NAC. With a high risk of relapse and death, and a poor or absent response to therapeutics, the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype is particularly challenging, especially in patients who cannot achieve a pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Although the tumor microenvironment (TME) is known to influence disease progression and the effectiveness of therapeutics, its predictive and prognostic potential remains uncertain. This work aimed to define the residual TME profile after NAC of a retrospective cohort with 96 TNBC patients by immunohistochemical staining (cell markers) and chromogenic in situ hybridization (genetic markers). Kaplan-Meier curves were used to estimate the influence of the selected TME markers on five-year overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) probabilities. The risks of each variable being associated with relapse and death were determined through univariate and multivariate Cox analyses. We describe a unique tumor-infiltrating immune profile with high levels of lymphocytes (CD4, FOXP3) and dendritic cells (CD21, CD1a and CD83) that are valuable prognostic factors in post-NAC TNBC patients. Our study also demonstrates the value of considering not only cellular but also genetic TME markers such as MUC-1 and CXCL13 in routine clinical diagnosis to refine prognosis modelling

Wind integration study for an island network using a probabilistic tool

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Probabilistic characterisation of wind farms for grid connection studies

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Automated segmentation of cytological an histological images for the nuclear quantification : an adaptive approach based on mathematical morphology

International audienceA general segmentation strategy allowing to blend multiple criteria such as contour-region or color information in a region growing process derived from the watershed transformation is proposed. It is applied onto different types of cytological and histological microscopic images.Une stratégie générale de segmentation combinant des critères locaux et globaux dans un processus de croissance dérivé de la ligne de partage des eaux est proposée. Les informations prises en compte sont de type contour-région ou couleur. La méthode est appliquée à différents cas d'images microscopiques de cytologie et d'histologie

In vitro aerobic and anaerobic muscle capacities in the European eel, Anguilla anguilla: effects of a swimming session.

International audienceIn order to have a general view of metabolic requirements during swimming, in vitro aerobic and anaerobic fluxes were measured in red and white muscles from silver eels and yellow eels which differ in activity levels and nutritional states. These measurements were performed in control eels and after a 4 day swimming session (70% U(crit) in yellow eels, 80% U(crit) in silver eels). A swimming session significantly increases U(crit) from 12% to 18%, depending on the stage, with a significantly higher in vitro energy cost during the yellow stage at the muscle level. In vitro, the swimming session brings about a gain in anaerobic capacities rather than in aerobic ones. Some in vivo hypotheses are proposed

Segmentation d'images couleur : application à la quantification de l'immunomarquage

National audienceL'analyse de marqueurs immunohistochimiques sur des coupes histologiques est d'un grand intérêt en pathologie tumorale pour le diagnostic, l'évaluation du pronostic et la thérapeutique. Leur quantification pose cependant un problème en raison de la complexité des images liée à la structure du tissu et à la qualité de la coloration. Les facteurs majeurs qui limitent actuellement l'automatisation complète de la mesure sont la segmentation des noyaux sur les images difficiles et la détection des zones marquées par analyse couleur. Le but de ce travail consiste à proposer une stratégie générale permettant la quantification automatisée du rapport d'immunomarquage nucléaire. Un exemple d'application sur des images couleur de cancers du sein est présenté

Effect of exercise training on respiration and reactive oxygen species metabolism in eel red muscle.

International audienceThis paper deals with the effects of exercise training on oxygen consumption (MO(2)) and ROS metabolism in the red muscle of trained and untrained female silver eels. Their critical swimming speed (U(crit)) was determined before and after a 4-day training (10h of swimming at 70% of U(crit) and 14 h at 50%, every day). The U(crit) of trained eels increased significantly (by about 7%). The in vitro MO(2) and ROS production by the red fibres were higher (not significant) in trained than in untrained eels, but the ROS production/MO(2) ratio was alike in both groups. The antioxidant-enzyme activities and lipoperoxidation index in trained eels were both lower than those of the untrained ones. These biochemical changes related to the increase in U(crit) suggest that such a training session could maintained or even increased aerobic power of the red muscle without deleterious impact by ROS. These regulations could play a role in the eel's swimming performance efficiency