Potato production impacts of the association trichodorids and TRV in naturally infected fields

An investigation was conducted to determine the effect of soil-born Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) isolates on yield and some quality attributes of 8 potato cultivars (Agata, Amorosa, Almera, Cunéria, Kondor, Picasso, Raja and Stemster) in Portuguese growing areas. Preliminary results revealed that some attributes (canopy growth, total yield, tuber numbers and yield within size grades, tuber spraing symptoms and secondary growths) are severely affected in the sites with viruliferous trichodorids transmitting TRV. It was shown that TRV has real conditions for survival and cause economic impact in potato crop in these regions. These results have potential interest to all potato growing countries.Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental (CBMA), UMCentre of Natural Resources, Environment and Society Studies (CERNAS), College of Agriculture of Coimbra (ESAC)Eurobatata, Comércio de Produtos Alimentares, Lda, PORTUGA

Concentração nas atividades agropecuárias de Goias entre 1996-2006: implicações para o desenvolvimento rural sustentável.

Resumo: O estudo procura avaliar as transformações estruturais na agropecuária de Goiás na última década, destacando a elevada concentração do uso da terra e sua sensível piora entre 1996 e 2006. Em 2006, os pequenos estabelecimentos (com até 200 hectares) somaram 81,85% e 19,79% da área de cultivo e criação. As Curvas de Lorenz e os Coeficientes de Gini calculados mostram maior assimetria nas atividades de florestas plantadas e lavouras temporárias. Goiás tem 65,2% dos estabelecimentos dirigidos por produtores familiares com posse de apenas 13% da área de cultivo, mas que empregam 68,37% da mão-de-obra rural. Em contraste, as grandes propriedades geram apenas 14,36% dos postos de trabalho. O modelo agrário e as políticas de crédito rural adotados ajudam a explicar a elevada concentração fundiária. Uma alternativa plausível para mitigar tais contrastes é apoiar mais efetivamente a agricultura familiar e os produtores rurais de menor porte, que têm importante papel na produção agrícola para o atendimento do mercado interno e na geração de renda e emprego para a população rural. Esta pode ser uma estratégia de desenvolvimento capaz de promover sistemas produtivos locais mais eficientes e de proporcionar uma maior igualdade econômico-social no Estado. Concentration ratio in agricultural activities in Goiá during 1996-2006: implications for sustainable rural development. Abstract - The study aims to evaluate the structural changes in Goiás´s agricultural sector in last decade, underling the high concentration ratio in land use and its sustainable growth between 1996-2006. In 2006, farms less than 200 hectares added up to 81.85% and 19.79% of the agricultural area. The Lorenz Curves and Gini Ratios showed greater asymmetry in planted forests and temporary crops. Goiás has 65.2% of the production units run by family farmers which accounted for only 13% of the cultivated area, but has employed 68.37% of rural labor force. In contrast, large production units generated only 14.36% of the rural jobs. The agrarian model and the design of government agricultural programs may have a key role in explaining the high concentration in Goiás´s farm structure. A possible way to diminish these disparities is to support more effectively small-scale farmers and familiar rural producers that play an important role in generating food for the domestic market and employment and income for rural population. This may be a strategic policy to promote efficient local production systems and less socioeconomic inequalities in Goiás State

Development and validation of anti-human Alpha synuclein DNA aptamer using computer modelling techniques—an in silico study

Biomarker detection strategies have, in recent years, been moving towards nucleic acid-based detection systems in the form of aptamers, short oligonucleotide sequences which have shown promise in pre-clinical and research settings. One such aptamer is M5-15, a DNA aptamer raised against human alpha synuclein (α-syn) the causative agent in Lewy body and Parkinson’s disease (PD) associated dementia. While this aptamer has shown promise, in silico methodologies have demonstrated a capacity to produce aptamers that have higher affinities for their targets than in vitro generated sequences. A Python script random generated library of DNA sequences were screened based on their thermodynamic stability with the use of DINAMelt server-QuickFold web server. The selected sequences were examined with MFold in order to generate secondary structure data that were used to produce 3D data with the use of RNA composer software. Further on, the structure was corrected and RNA was replaced with DNA and the virtual screening for α-syn aptamer took place with a series of molecular docking experiments with the use of CSD-Discovery-GOLD software. Herein we propose an alternative in silico generated aptamer we call TMG-79 which demonstrates greater affinity for the target compared to M5-15 (M5-15 = –15.9 kcal/mol, TMG-79 = –17.77 kcal/mol) as well as better ChemPLP fitness scoring between the top poses (M5-15 = 32.33, TMG-79 = 53.32). Structural analysis suggests that while there are similarities, the greater potential flexibility of TMG-79 could be promoting greater affinity for the α-syn compared to M5-15. In silico methods of aptamer generation has the potential to revolutionise the field of aptamer design. We feel that further development of TMG-79 and validation in vitro will make it a viable candidate for diagnostic and research use in the future

Dectin-1 Activation Exacerbates Obesity and Insulin Resistance in the Absence of MyD88

This work was supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, grant numbers 11/15682-4, 12/02270-2, 15/18121-4), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Regenera INCT Process Grant 465656/2014-5). JL is funded by the NIH/NIDDK R01DK106210. GDB is funded by the Wellcome Trust and the MRC Centre for Medical Mycology. Open access journalPeer reviewedPublisher PD

Loss to follow-up in tuberculosis treatment and its relationship with patients' knowledge of the disease and other associated factors

Objective To identify factors associated with loss to follow-up in Tuberculosis (TB) treatment, including patients' level of knowledge regarding treatment of this disease.Methods 42 loss to follow-up cases and 84 control cases that were finishing the sixth month of their first treatment for tuberculosis were selected for this study. Primary data were gathered through interviews, while secondary data were obtained from the notification form of the disease, between December 2011 and April 2012. Factors associated with loss to follow-up were analyzed by means of a conditional logistic regression multivariate model for matched case-control groups.Results No significant differences were observed between loss to follow-up cases and controls regarding socioeconomic factors, lifestyle, clinical condition, treatment-related behaviors and the access of patients to sources of information on TB. In the regression multivariate analysis, significant associations with retreatment after loss to follow-up that were detected include: scarce knowledge on tuberculosis, lack of adherence to consultation during the current treatment, noncompliance with follow-up consultation deadline, smoking and HIV negative.Conclusion When compared to controls, cases undergoing TB retreatment after loss to follow-up have less knowledge on the disease, which is a sign for the professionals responsible for health education of the need to invest more time and efforts in activities that help the patient understand the disease and its treatment, as well as to have higher levels of  adherence. In addition, noncompliance with the follow-up consultation deadline, failure to attend consultations during the current treatment and smoking are also factors that may be influenced by poor knowledge on the disease, which leads to the treatment loss to follow-up

A democracia em tempos de pandemia: Impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 no sistema político português

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Bayesian spatio-temporal models for mapping TB mortality risk and its relationship with social inequities in a region from Brazilian Legal Amazon

publishersversionpublishe