Photo- and electroluminescence of new organic semiconductors

The results of investigation of the luminescence under photo- and electroexcitation for four new compounds are presented. The spectral properties and photoluminescence are studied in ethanol, chloroform solutions and in films formed by thermovacuum deposition (TVD). The phosphorescence of compounds is investigated in ethanol at 77K temperature. The phosphorescence times of molecules are given. The electroluminescence is obtained in multilayered structure ITO/PEDOT/NPD/L /Ca/Al. It is shown, that spectral region of the photoluminescence of TVD films and electroluminescence coincide. Relations of electroluminescence efficiency with molecule structure, photoluminescence quantum yield and possibility of thermally activated delayed fluorescence are discussed

Undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia of children with stage I-II of chronic kidney disease

The purpose of the study is to establish the frequency of occurrence of signs characteristic of NDST.Цель исследования - установить частоту встречаемости признаков, характерных для НДСТ

EUROPEAN UNION EXPERIENCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE CLUSTERS

The article analyzes the development policy of innovation clusters on the example of the European Union. The process of formation and development of innovation clusters in the EU countries was studied, in which the participation of regional governments and governments was analyzed. The evolution of the European approach to the development of innovative clusters and the organization of institutions that contribute to it is studied. The direction of activity of each regional institute, the essence of this activity, the scope of organizational and governing institutions and institutes are described. Prospects for the development of cluster activities in the region were considered

Memory processes during category learning

The main aim of our study is to reveal this generalisation and transfer processes in a hidden information-integration task

Climate indicators for forest landing and evaluation of forest shelterbelts

Forest shelter belts are one of the effective approaches in the fight against wind erosion, improving the microclimate of fields, protecting roads and reservoirs. The problem of assessing forest plantations and prospects for their creation is relevant for many countries of the world, due to the problem of desertification, water and wind erosion, as well as the global food crisis. The carried out analysis of scientific literature has shown that the existing assessments of forest shelter belts with insufficient degree are being taken into account the modern methods of remote sensing.Therefore, the problem of assessing forest shelterbelts from satellite imagery is relevant.The main part and research results. During the summer period of 2019, in the territory of the protective forest plantations of Fergana Valley of the Republic of Uzbekistan there were laid 170 testing plots. Then 20 test sites, which were used as reference for thematic mapping, there were laid with the collection of additional information: location coordinates and bookmark location.The purpose of the study is to assess the area of forest shelter belts zones of the Republic of Uzbekistan using remote sensing.The object of the study is forest shelter belts of Fergana Valley of the Republic of Uzbekistan

Linguistic Description Of The Lexical Level And Its Learning Status

Language is created by society, and its fate is closely related to the fate of society. Language is a social phenomenon. As a social phenomenon, it is distinguished from natural phenomena. For example, natural-biological and physiological characteristics of people (eating, breathing, development, etc.) develop in accordance with the laws of nature, independently of society. But in order to speak and think in a language, there must be a community of people. Therefore, unlike natural phenomena, language is a social phenomenon created and served by human society

IMPORTANT METHODS OF ATTRACTING THE ATTENTION OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

This article provides methodological tips for engaging primary school students

Effect of Hydrogen Bonding to Water on the 31P Chemical Shift Tensor of Phenyl- and Trialkylphosphine Oxides and α-Amino Phosphonates

The effect of hydrogen bonding to water on the P-31 NMR chemical shift tensor in the titled compounds has been studied experimentally and simulated theoretically using the DFT-GIAO approach. It has been shown that the effect of hydrogen bonding on the P-31 NMR parameters of trialkylphosphine oxides can be simulated at the GIAO-B3LYP/cc-pVDZ approximation. The influence of molecular conformation on the NMR parameters is small in these compounds. In contrast, the effect of molecular conformation can totally mask the effect of hydrogen bonding in the case of phenylphosphine oxides. The limiting case is a hydrogen bond with water. In these compounds the DFT-GIAO approach can be useful for the analysis of stronger hydrogen bonds only. The GIAO-B3LYP/cc-pVDZ approximation fails to reproduce the P-31 NMR parameters of a-amino phosphonates. Thus, a combination of P-31 NMR and low-cost calculations can be used especially effectively in the study of noncovalent interactions in polycrystalline and noncrystalline materials based on trialkylphosphine oxides. The described research strategy is applicable to the study of the local chemical structures in amorphous materials, at surfaces, and in interfaces

Revisiting the Mongolian Stratum of Kazakh Place Names

Рукопись поступила в редакцию 05.10.2023. Рукопись принята к печати 16.12.2023.Received on 5 October 2023. Accepted on 16 December 2024.В статье рассматривается случайная выборка из коллекции топонимов с территории Казахстана, которые могут иметь монгольское происхождение. Массив топонимов разделен на три группы в зависимости от типа номинируемых объектов: 1) названия населенных пунктов - ойконимы; 2) названия водных объектов - гидронимы; 3) названия ландшафтных объектов - оронимы. При наличии дублированных топонимов (ойконим и наименование природного объекта) предпочтение отдается названию природного объекта - с учетом обычного направления переноса топонимов. Раскрывается значение монгольских названий в казахском языке, производится их мотивационный, словообразовательный и этимологический разбор. Верифицируются старые и предлагаются новые гипотезы о происхождении этих названий. Выявляются основные проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются этимологи-топонимисты, анализируются неудачные этимологические решения предшествующих авторов. На разобранном материале видны ошибки следующих типов: 1) обращение к таким формам топонимов, которые в действительности попали в современный казахский язык в русифицированном виде; 2) невнимание к ранним фиксациям топонимов; 3) пренебрежение закономерностями фонетических изменений в казахском и монгольских языках и их относительной хронологией, а также рассмотрением возможностей фонетической адаптации заимствований в соответствии с устройством фонологических систем языка-источника и принимающего языка. В статье делается попытка стратификации топонимов по времени и источнику заимствования. Каждый случай разбирается с точки зрения основных возможностей заимствования топонимических единиц: была ли данная лексическая единица заимствована как топоним или же она появилась в казахском языке как апеллятив, а затем вошла в состав топонима уже как собственно казахская лексическая единица. Анализ приводит к выводу о преимущественно позднем характере казахской топонимики собственно монгольского происхождения (т. е. тех топонимов, которые заимствованы из монгольских языков уже в этом качестве) и ее связи с границами двух исторических монгольских государств - Джунгарского и Калмыцкого ханств.The study examines a representative sample of toponyms located in the territory of Kazakhstan, that can potentially be of Mongolian origin. These toponyms are classified into three categories: 1) settlement names (oikonyms), 2) water body names (hydronyms), and 3) geographical feature names (oronyms). In cases of duplicate toponyms (oikonym and oronym), precedence is given to the geographical feature name, following the most common direction of toponymic transfer. The analysis investigates the significance of Mongolian names in the Kazakh language, encompassing motivational, word-formational, and etymological aspects, and proposes new hypotheses of their origin while considering earlier theories. The authors identify the main challenges faced by etymologists and toponymists and review previous authors’ unsuccessful etymological solutions. Errors detected in the data include references to Russified place names borrowed into contemporary Kazakh, inattention to early toponym records, neglect of phonetic changes in Kazakh and Mongolian, as well as their relative chronology, and disregard of potential phonetic adaptation patterns that one could expect based on the phonological peculiarities of both the source and receiving languages. The study aims to categorise place names according to the time and source of borrowing, each name being evaluated based on whether it was initially borrowed as a toponym or an appellative word that later integrated a Kazakh toponym. The analysis concludes that Kazakh toponymy of Mongolian origin (i.e. place names that were borrowed as toponyms) is predominantly recent and associated with the borders of two historical Mongolian states - the Dzungar and Kalmyk khanates.Данная статья написана в рамках грантового проекта АР08855980 «Исторический словарь казахского языка», утвержденного Министерством образования и науки Республики Казахстан. Обработка монгольского материала велась в рамках проекта Российского научного фонда № 23-18-00518 «Электронный диалектологический атлас монгольских языков России: базисная лексика».This article was prepared as part of the grant project AR08855980 Historical Dictionary of the Kazakh Language, approved by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The processing of the Mongolian material was carried out within the framework of the Russian Science Foundation project No. 23-18-00518 Electronic Dialectological Atlas of the Mongolian Languages of Russia: Basic Vocabulary