A ruthenium-based catalytic system with switchable selectivity between cyclotrimerization and enyne metathesis/Diels–Alder reactions of terminal alkynes

AbstractIn this study, we report a practical catalytic system, [RuCl2(p-cymene)]2/IPr (IPr: 1,3-bis(2,6 diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene), that can switch between cyclotrimerization and cross enyne metathesis. The cyclotrimerization reaction of phenylacetylene catalyzed by [RuCl2(p-cymene)]2 can be switched to enyne metathesis by the introduction of a sterically hindered N-heterocyclic carbene. The 1,3-diene formed during this reaction reacts with dienophiles to form the Diels–Alder adduct. A practical one-pot synthesis method, utilizing enyne metathesis/Diels–Alder reactions, was used to construct cyclic compounds in an efficient manner

The Turkish Adaptation of the COVID‑19 Perinatal Perception Questionnaire: Validity and Reliability Study

Objective: Women during the perinatal period are more vulnerable to environmental stressors. However, there is no Turkish scale that evaluates the perinatal perception of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) pandemic-related stressors. This methodological study aimed to adapt the COVID‑19 Perinatal Perception Questionnaire (COVID-19-PPQ) to Turkish. Methods: The sample consisted of 150 pregnant women and 150 postpartum women in Turkey. Data were collected using an individual information form, pregnancy scale and postpartum scale of the COVID-19-PPQ, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV- 19S), and the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS). Validity was assessed with language, content, and construct validity. Cronbach’s alpha, equivalent-form reliability, and item analysis were used for reliability. Results: The pregnancy scale fits well with eight items, while the postpartum scale fits well with ten items. Each scale has a three-factor structure. Moreover, the scales have acceptable fit index values, confirming the model. The pregnancy scale has a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.85, while the subscales “risk of infection,” “contact,” and “future” have Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.74, 0.65, and 0.87, respectively. The postpartum scale has a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.81, while the subscales “first postpartum week,” “COVID-19 measures,” and “fear for infection” have Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.84, 0.84, and 0.90, respectively. Significant correlations between the pregnancy scale, the FCV-19S (r=0.459, p<0.001), the postpartum scale and the EPDS (r=0.166, p=0.042) scores indicate that the scale is reliable. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the COVID-19-PPQ is valid and reliable for Turkish pregnant and postpartum women

A Comparative Numerical Study of The Seismic Behavior of The Structural Systems Consisting Frames and Shear Walls By Using Equivalent Column Approach For Shear Walls

Bu çalışmada, çerçeve ve perdeli binaların deprem etkisi altındaki davranışı yapısal sistemin modellemesi ve analiz yöntemleri esas alınarak karşılaştırmalı incelenmiştir. Deprem kuvvetlerine maruz kalan yapı sistemlerinde bulunan perdelerin en-boy açısından perdelerin modellenmesiyle ilgili karşılaştırma yapabilmek için iki farklı modelleme benimsenmiştir. Bu amaçla betonarme çerçeve ve perdeli taşıyıcı sistemler göz önüne alınmıştır. Taşıyıcı sistemlerde perdeler eşdeğer kolon ve sonlu kabuk eleman olarak modellenmiştir. Taşıyıcı sistemin narinliğinin (perde yüksekliği/perdenin plandaki büyük boyu) sonuçlar üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak için 8, 12 ve 16 katlı binalar dikkate alınmıştır. Sayısal sonuçları kolay bir şekilde yorumlayabilmek için basit bir kalıp planı seçilmiş olup, bu plan tüm sistemlerde kullanılmıştır. Modelleme konusunda karşılaştırma yapabilmek için, perdelerin yükseklik/plan boyutu oranına bağlı olarak sayısal sonuçlar şekillerde verilmiştir.Statik yükler altında 8, 12 ve 16 katlı sistemlerin doğrusal ve doğrusal olmayan analizi yapılarak elde edilen sonuçlar incelenmiş ve karşılaştırılmıştır. Doğrusal analizde Eşdeğer Deprem Yükü Yöntemi ve Mod Birleştirme Yöntemi kullanılırken doğrusal olmayan analizde Statik İtme Yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çerçeve elemanların doğrusal olmayan davranışları plastik mafsal kabulü ile dikkate alınmıştır. Eşdeğer kolonlar olarak modellenen perdelerde aynı kabuller yapılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, perdelerin doğrusal olmayan davranışı, doğrusal olmayan kabuk elemanlar kabul edilerek göz önüne alınmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonuçları karşılaştırılarak iki farklı perde modelindeki iki çözümün birbiriyle uyuşumu araştırılmıştır. Doğrusal olmayan analizlerde ise, TBDY (2018)'de verilenlere ek kabuller kullanılmıştır. Bunlar, beton ve donatıların doğrusal olmayan davranışı yanında plastik mafsallarla ilgili kabulleri içermektedir. Deprem hareketindeki belirsizlik nedeniyle analizin sonuçlarında matematiksel kesinlik beklenmemiştir. Doğrusal olmayan analiz çözümündeki belirsizliklerden dolayı, bu sonuçların doğrusal analiz sonuçları göz önüne alınarak kullanılması önerilmiştir. Sayısal analizlerde genel yapı mühendisliği kabulleri, Betonarme Yapıların Tasarım ve Yapım Kuralları (TS500) ve Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği (TBDY 2018) kuralları kullanılmıştır.In this study, reinforced concrete buildings consisting shear walls and frames are investigated by focusing on the modelling of the structural systems and on the analysis methods. Two different models have been adopted in order to for the analysis of the modeling of shear walls in terms of aspect ratio of the shear walls in structural systems subjected to seismic forces. To this end a structural system consisting of frames and shear walls are considered. In structural systems, shear walls are modeled as equivalent columns and as finite shell elements separately. To investigate the effects of slenderness of the structural system on the results, building having 8, 12 and 16 stories are considered. A simple structural layout is chosen in order to interpret the results clearly and this structural layout is used unchanged in all structural systems. In order to make suggestions on modeling, numerical results are presented in figures depending on the aspect ratio of the shear walls.The results obtained by carrying out linear and nonlinear analysis of 8, 12 and 16 story systems under static loads are examined and their results are compared. Equiavalent static approach and elastic modal spectral approach are used by employing linear analysis, while inelastic static approach is used by adopting in nonlinear analysis. The nonlinear behavior of the frame elements is taken into account with the adopting of plastic hinge concept. The same assumptions are employed for shear walls modeled as equivalent columns. Comparing the numerical results of these analyses, the compatibility of the results of the two analyses are investigated by using the different shear wall models. In the nonlinear analysis, additional assumptions are required in addition to those given in TSCB (2018). These include defining of the non-linear behavior of concrete and reinforcement, as well as the acceptance criteria related to the plastic hinge rotations. Mathematical precision is not expected in the analyses due to uncertainties in earthquake effect. Due to the uncertainties in the nonlinear analysis solution, it is suggested to use these results by taking the linear analysis results into consideration. In the numerical analyses general structural engineering assumptions, those of Design and Construction Rules for Reinforced Concrete Structures (TS500-2000) and the Turkish Seismic Code for Buildings (TSCB 2018) are employed

EVALUATION OF THE REVISED CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR FINANCIAL REPOTING WITHIN TODAY’S REPORTING THOUGHT

IASB tarafından ilk olarak 1989 yılında yayınlanan Kavramsal Çerçeveninrevizyonuna ilişkin FASB ile ortak yürütülen proje 2010 yılında sona ermiş,ancak revizyon yalnızca genel amaçlı finansal raporlamanın amacının ve faydalıfinansal bilginin niteliksel özelliklerinin belirlenmesi ile sınırlı kalmıştır. Bunedenle 2012 yılında IASB tarafından “Revize Finansal Raporlamaya İlişkinKavramsal Çerçeve” projesi yeniden başlatılmış ve 28 Mayıs 2015 tarihindemüzakere metni yayınlanarak görüşe açılmıştır. 29 Mart 2018 tarihindenihai metin IASB tarafından geri dönüşler de gözetilerek yayınlanmıştır.Fakat yayınlanan nihai metnin düzenlenmesinde bazı paydaşların önemlisayılabilecek görüşlerinin dikkate alınmadığı görülmektedir. Bu gerekçeyle;bu çalışmada, revize finansal raporlamaya ilişkin kavramsal çerçevenin nelergetirdiği ve halen ne gibi eksikliklerinin olduğunun belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Çalışmada, yakın gelecekte daha geniş bir paydaş kitlesini kapsayacak yenibir kavramsal çerçeve projesine hayata geçirilmesinin gerekli ve muhtemelolduğu değerlendirilmiştir.The joint project with the IASB and the FASB on the revision of the Conceptual Framework that was first published by the IASB in 1989 has ended in 2010; however, the revision was limited only to the objective of financial reporting and qualitative characteristics of useful financial information. For this reason, the Conceptual Framework project was restarted by the IASB in 2012 and the Exposure Drafts was published for collecting the recommendations on May 28, 2015. The final version of the revised conceptual framework was issued by the IASB by considering the recommendations on March 29, 2018. But, it is seen that the important recommendations of some stakeholders are not taken into consideration in the final text. For this reason; in this study, it is aimed to determine what the revised conceptual framework for financial reporting brings and what the deficiencies are. According the study, implementation of a new conceptual framework project which considers a broader range of stakeholders looks necessary

Discussion of The Expected Short- and Long-Term Benefits of Social Responsibility Reports in The Framework of Corporate Social Responsibility Dimensions

Bu çalışmada, sosyal sorumluluk raporlamasından beklenen faydaların, Carroll’un (1991) kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk boyutları yardımı ile ne ölçüde açıklanabileceği araştırılmak istenmiştir. Bunun için, Maignan ve Ferrell (2000) tarafından geliştirilen kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk anket ölçeği sorularının açıklayıcı değişkenler ve sosyal sorumluluk raporlamasından beklenen kısa ve uzun dönemli faydaların bağımlı değişkenler olarak kabul edildiği bir anket tasarlanmıştır. Hazırlanan anketin, sürdürülebilirlik raporu yayınlamış olan şirketler ve muhasebe öğretim elemanlarından oluşan iki ayrı anakütleye uygulanmasıyla elde edilen veriler, regresyon analizi yardımı ile analiz edilmiş; böylelikle konu, uygulayıcı ve akademisyen platformlarında ele alınarak tartışılmıştır.This paper, it is asked to what extent the expected benefits of social responsibility reports should be explained by Carroll’s (1991) corporate social responsibility dimensions. For this, a survey has been designed the scale survey questions of the corporate social responsibility survey developed by Maignan and Ferrell (2000) as considered the explanatory variables and the expected short- and long-term benefits of social responsibility reports as considered the dependent variables. The data sets that have been obtained by implementation of prepared survey to two different populations, which consist of the companies published any sustainability report and accounting lecturers, have been analyzed with the help of regression analysis; thus, this issue has been discussed both in the practitioner and the academic platforms

Properties of yogurt fortified with capsaicin extracts dissolved in high oleic sunflower oil

In the study, oleoresin containing capsaicin was extracted by solvent extraction from red hot pepper peel and seeds (extract of oleoresin containing capsaicin, OCE) and were used in yogurt production. Thus, it is aimed to obtain a product with richer nutritional value and a new taste. For this purpose, oleoresin extracts that obtained from peel (peel extracts, PE), peel and seed (PSE), and seeds (seed extracts, SE) were added to milk with different percentages. Color characteristics were measured by a Minolta Colorimeter. There were reductions in L* (60.44-29.77) of yogurt samples by enriched process, especially for samples which contain 3% PSE and 1.5% PSE. A remarkable increase was noticed for a* values from -1.44 to 19.35 for the same samples. It was pointed out by the consumers that bitterness in taste as well as the red color in appearance are experienced. Practical applications With the acceptance of new nutritional perceptions, the food processing is complimenting current foods, with herbs, fruits, vegetables, or their extracts especially to create functional foods. Besides, obtaining new tastes has high importance for this aim. Our results pointed out that the fermented yogurt content has better quality and sensorial properties with capsaicin extracts in comparison with traditional fermented yogurt.WOS:0006590448000012-s2.0-8510753215

Examining Prefrontal Oxygenation Parameter in Migraine Classification A Machine Learning Approach

Normal 0 false false false TR X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable{mso-style-name:"Normal Tablo";mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-style-parent:"";mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;mso-para-margin-top:0cm;mso-para-margin-right:0cm;mso-para-margin-bottom:8.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0cm;line-height:107%;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;}Objective: Migraine headache is frequently misdiagnosed inclinical settings. Today, there is no method (blood test, cerebrospinal fluid,neuroimaging, etc.) that provides precise and accurate results in the clinicaldiagnosis of migraine. The main aim of the study is to be able to classifyindividuals into three groups: healthy controls, migraine with aura, andmigraine without aura by using certain machine learning approaches.Materials and Methods: The changes in the prefrontal oxy-hemoglobin(HbO) concentrations were measured by a 16-channel functional near-infraredspectroscopy (fNIRS) device during the Victoria Stroop task. Featureswere extracted by analyzing differences in HbO concentrations betweendifferent stages of the Stroop task according to the time domain. Subsequently,feature selection methods were employed to identify the most influentialfeatures in the classification process.Results: Through the applicationof machine learning techniques, Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm achievedan accuracy of 78% based on preliminary analysis, successfully classifying healthycontrols, migraine with aura, and migraine without aura.Conclusion: This study revealedthe potential role of fNIRS-based prefrontal oxygenation parameters during acognitive task to differentiate healthy controls, migraine with aura, andmigraine without aura. The findings indicated that combining prefrontaloxygenation patterns obtained through fNIRS with extracted features and machinelearning techniques is effective for classifying individuals with differentmigraine conditions. This research may contribute to our understanding of the hemodynamiccorrelates of migraines and could pave the way for the development of objectivediagnostic methods in the future.</p

1953’ten günümüze Pancar Kooperatifleri Bankası : Şekerbank’ın Türkiye tarımı üzerindeki etkileri

Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2015.This work is a student project of the The Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.by Öztürk, İbrahim Mert