In Vitro Test Systems for Identifying Potential Chemical Carcinogens

The development of in vitro test systems for evaluating the toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic potential of substances has led to a reduction of animal experiments besides of being better suited for many differentiated mechanistic investigations. In a pre-screening approach, substances which exhibit the aforementioned characteristics in vitro may be excluded from further studies in vivo. On the other hand, negative results obtained with in vitro test systems cannot be extrapolated to the animal or to the human situation with sufficient certainty. Thus, if a substance has proven to be nontoxic and non-mutagenic in vitro there is still the need to set up an animal experiment. In this review we report on suborganismic systems which have proven to be useful tools for evaluating the mutagenic and carcinogenic potential of chemicals which are relevant to human health

Integrated planning of the partially automated Banji coal mine in China

AbstractThe chinese mining company SDIC Xinji currently develops in the province of Anhui, south of Beijing, the coal mine Banji, pursuing the aim to realize an exemplary high-performance mine with the highest degree of production efficiency and a high safety standard, using state of the art technology. Remarkable with this assignment of task is the fact, that power supply technology, high voltage switch technology, automation and communication were being projected from one supplier, as an integrated complete system, based on a three- dimensional mine layout model

Hydroelectric Power Station

On the left bank of the Iller River, a new, highly efficient hydroelectric power station has been built to replace an older power station from the 1950s. The power station supports approximately three thousand households with 10.5 million kilowatt-hours of environmentally friendly power per year

Інвестування

Методичні матеріали призначено для самостійної роботи студентів галузі знань 0305 Економіка і підприємництво під час підготовки до модульних контролів за результатами лекційних занять з нормативної дисципліни «Інвестування». Рекомендації орієнтовано на активізацію виконавчого етапу навчальної діяльності студентів

A python tool to determine the thickness of the hydrate layer around clinker grains using SEM-BSE images

To accurately simulate the hydration process of cementitious materials, understanding the growth rate of C-S-H layers around clinker grains is crucial. Nonetheless, the thickness of the hydrate layer shows substantial variation around individual grains, depending on their surrounding. Consequently, it is not feasible to measure hydrate layers manually in a reliable and reproducible manner. To address this challenge, a software has been developed to statistically determine the C-S-H thickness, requiring minimal manual interventions for thresholding and for setting limits like particle size or circularity. This study presents a tool, which automatically identifies suitable clinker grains and and perform statistical measurements of their hydrate layer up to a specimen age of 28 days. The findings reveal a significant increase in the C-S-H layer, starting from 0.45 micrometer after 1 day and reaching 3.04 micrometer after 28 days. However, for older specimens, the measurement of the C-S-H layer was not feasible due to limited pore space and clinker grains.Comment: Paper for the 19th Euroseminar on Microscopy Applied to Building Materials in a special issue, 7 pages, 5 figures, 2 table

Observation of Non-isotropic Auger Angular Distribution in the C(1s) Shape Resonance of CO

Angle-resolved high-resolution C(KVV) Auger spectra of CO were taken in the vicinity of the C(1s) σ* shape resonance. These spectra show clear evidence for the theoretically predicted anisotropic K-shell Auger emission in molecules. Complementary results from angle-resolved photoion spectroscopy show that the small size of the observed effect is, besides the varying intrinsic anisotropy of the Auger decay, also due to a smaller anisotropy in the primary absorption process than originally predicted but in good agreement with more recent calculations. Contrary to this, satellite Auger transitions show unexpectedly large anisotropies

Differences in the Dominant and Non-Dominant Knee Valgus Angle in Junior Elite and Amateur Soccer Players after Unilateral Landing

More than 70% of all knee injuries in soccer occur in non-contact situations. It is known that increased lower limb dynamic knee valgus is associated with such situations. Little has been found out about differences in knee kinematics of the dominant (kicking) and non-dominant (supporting) leg during a single leg landing. A total of 114 male adolescent soccer players (age 14.6 ± 1.1 years) from elite (N = 66) and amateur soccer clubs (N = 48) performed a single leg drop landing down from a box. For each leg, the two-dimensional dynamic knee valgus angle (DKVA) was calculated. Paired t-tests were used to statistically determine significant differences between dominant and non-dominant leg DKVA, and t-tests were calculated between the two performance groups. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were identified for the DKVA between the dominant and non-dominant leg for both amateur and elite players, showing a greater DKVA for the dominant leg. Group differences for the DKVA between amateur and elite players were not found, neither for the dominant, nor for the non-dominant leg. It can be concluded that the non-dominant leg showed more stable dynamics than the dominant leg during unilateral landing regardless of the player’s performance level. This could be due to adaptions to sport-specific requirements. Therefore, it is recommended that programs to prevent knee injuries among soccer players consider the dynamics of each leg individually

Participant-oriented planning and evaluation of in-service teacher training

Voraussetzung erfolgreicher Lernorganisation für lernende Lehrer sind nicht nur Inhalte und Methoden, sondern Mitbeteiligung und Akzeptanz durch die Teilnehmer. Aus Fortbildungserfahrungen mit Lehrern werden Formen beschrieben, die adressatenbezogene Planung und Erfolgsorientierung ermöglichen. Vor allem wird Wert gelegt auf Erhebungs- und Beobachtungsmethoden, die 1. in den Kurs integriert sind oder interne Rückspiegelungen zulassen und deshalb weder als funktional erfahren werden noch die begrenzte Zeit inhaltsleer beanspruchen, 2. Hilfsmittel für die Orientierung im Lernprozeß bereitstellen, 3. Selbsteinschätzung und Kurswahrnehmung der Teilnehmer verdeutlichen, um Wahrnehmungen der Kursleitung zu korrigieren. Im Mittelpunkt steht die These, daß nicht nur der einzelne Kurs Nutzen aus Erhebungen zieht, sondern jede zielgruppenorientierte Planung: Die Erhebung wirkt über den Augenblick, für den sie gemacht ist, hinaus. Dabei wird für die Vorausplanung nicht nur die Typik der Lehrerrolle herangezogen, sondern auch die Erfahrung: Lehrer wissen, was Lehrer brauchen. (DIPF/Orig.)Since teachers themselves know best what teachers need, the author arguments for a planning and evaluating of teacher training courses which allow for a better adaptation of courses to teachers. Most important are methods of Observation and feedback which are 1. integrated elements of the training, 2. useful means for modifying the learning process within the course, and 3. helpful to illustrate the perception of the course and the results by the participants