Mise au point d'une technique enzymatique pour doser les IgE seriques spécifiques

Parmi les nombreux radioimmunoessais utilisés pour mesurer des IgE spécifiques, le RAST demeure le plus fréquemment employé en clinique. Sa disponibilité commerciale permet la reproductibilité des valeurs à mesurer. Cette technique est simple et elle est l'outil clinique pour diagnostiquer un sujet allergique. Le RAST révèle, au moyen d'un antisérum anti-IgE marqué radioactivement, les IgE spécifiques qui ont, au préalable, réagi avec les antigènes fixés à une matrice solide. Dans ce système, la présence d'IgG spécifiques peut fausser la mesure des IgE spécifiques parce qu'ils peuvent aussi réagir avec les antigènes fixés. Cette interférence IgG est problématique puisqu'elle nuit à l'étude de la régulation de la synthèse des IgE et l'effet de 1 'immunothérapie sur celle-ci. Le présent travail fait état d'une étude comparative des résultats obtenus avec le REAST et le RAST , un immunoessai commercialement disponible, chez des sujets allergiques et des volontaires normaux. Le REAST et le RAST détectent de façon significative plus d ' IgE spécifiques au phléole chez les sujets allergiques (3,04 + 3,94; 21,65 + 14,50) que chez ceux non-allergiques (0,20 + 0,17; 1,48 + 1,68). Une corrélation significative est calculée entre le REAST et le RAST standard ( r = 0,61 ; p<0,001 ). La spécificité de la mesure des IgE est démontrée en chauffant les sérums avant de procéder au dosage. Ceci a pour effet de diminuer de 85% la valeur de la densité optique. La spécificité antigénique de la mesure des IgE spécifiques est démontrée par compétition entre l'antigène marqué et un antigène libre (non-marqué ) spécifique ou non-spécifique. Seul l'antigène libre spécifique inhibe la fixation du complexe antigène-peroxidase où l'on observe une diminution de la densité optique de plus de 97%. En remplaçant l'anti-IgE polyclonal par un anti-IgE monoclonal, la sensibilité du REAST est accrue.Montréal Trigonix inc. 201

Analyse de sensibilité d'un indice de risque de perte de phosphore en zone cultivée

Il existe différents modèles de gestion de la pollution diffuse par le phosphore en agriculture. Le modèle d'indice de risque de perte du phosphore (IRP) estime les risques environnementaux associés aux pratiques culturales et aux conditions édaphiques pour un terrain donné. Des analyses de sensibilité de l'IRP ont été faites pour les conditions de Beauce-Appalaches au Québec. La zone d'étude est caractérisée par une superficie de 1 030 067 ha dont 173 941 ha sont en culture, principalement en fourrage et pâturage. La précipitation moyenne annuelle atteint 1236,5 mm et la température moyenne annuelle est de 3,85 [degré]C. La zone d'étude présente essentiellement des sols de type loam, loam-limoneux, loam-argileux et loam-limono-argileux. Les coefficients de régression linéaires multiples ont servi d'indice de sensibilité pour évaluer l'influence des différentes composantes, variables intermédiaires et variables de base sur les valeurs de l'IRP. Les analyses de sensibilité présentées dans cette recherche sont basées sur la technique de Monte Carlo qui utilise les densités de probabilité et les fréquences relatives des variables d'entrée du modèle pour estimer leur influence sur les valeurs de sortie. Pour la zone d'étude, 81% de la variabilité de l'IRP est attribuée au sous-indice de source du phosphore et 17% au sous-indice de transport du phosphore. Ce sont les composantes PORGAN (doses d'engrais organiques phosphorés moins les besoins en phosphore des cultures), DRAIN (distance séparatrice des drains souterrains) et PTOTAL (doses d'engrais organiques et minéraux phosphorés moins les besoins en phosphore des cultures) qui influencent le plus la valeur de l'IRP. Une analyse de sensibilité sur les variables de base montre que le prélèvement de phosphore par la culture, la distance entre les drains et la quantité de phosphore sous forme organique appliquée au sol influencent le plus les valeurs de l'IRP

Seaweeds : a traditional ingredients for new gastronomic sensation

Seaweeds have a long tradition in Asian cuisine. In Canada and US, seaweed consumption is mostly limited to sushi and other imported Asian dish. However, seaweeds are well recognized for their richness in several nutrients such as fiber, protein and minerals. But what is limiting seaweed and seaweed derived ingredients utilization in home cooking? Finding fresh seaweeds within inland cities is one limiting step but also the seaweed marketing need to propel the image that seaweed are not only nutritive but can bring flavor and texture in cuisine dish. With the rise of TV cooking shows, blogs and online recipes hosted by several renowned chefs, it is now time to bring seaweed in the spotlight. The aim of this review is to look at seaweeds to support a wider use in culinary applications for their nutritional contribution but also from a sensory perspective

A qualitative study of a psychiatric emergency

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens

Ordre de genre et ondes radio : les femmes dans les matinales d’information françaises

Conduite dans le cadre de l’édition 2020 du Global Media Monitoring Project, la contribution étudie la manière dont le genre se manifeste et organise le discours d’information radiophonique. La combinaison des méthodes quantitative et qualitative pour l’analyse d’un corpus de matinales françaises souligne une moindre visibilité des femmes, dans les nouvelles et parmi les professionnelles. Moins nombreuses, elles sont aussi minorées. Mais le travail de médiation journalistique ne se limite pas au maintien de rapports de genre inégalitaires. Dans le contexte post #MeToo, il contribue également à une mise à l’agenda, dont les modalités sont ici mises au jour, des violences sexistes et sexuelles

The elderly in the psychiatric emergency service (PES); a descriptive study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The impact of an aging population on the psychiatric emergency service (PES) has not been fully ascertained. Cognitive dysfunctions aside, many DSM-IV disorders may have a lower prevalence in the elderly, who appear to be underrepresented in the PES. We therefore attempted to more precisely assess their patterns of PES use and their clinical and demographic characteristics.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Close to 30,000 visits to a general hospital PES (Montreal, Quebec, Canada) were acquired between 1990 and 2004 and pooled with over 17,000 visits acquired using the same methodology at three other services in Quebec between 2002 and 2004.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The median age of PES patients increased over time. However, the proportion of yearly visits attributable to the elderly (compared to those under 65) showed no consistent increase during the observation period. The pattern of return visits (two to three, four to ten, eleven or more) did not differ from that of patients under 65, although the latter made a greater number of total return visits per patient. The elderly were more often women (62%), widowed (28%), came to the PES accompanied (42%) and reported « illness » as an important stressor (29%). About 39% were referred for depression or anxiety. They were less violent (10%) upon their arrival. Affective disorders predominated in the diagnostic profile, they were less co-morbid and more likely admitted than patients under 65.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Although no proportional increase in PES use over time was found the elderly do possess distinct characteristics potentially useful in PES resource planning so as to better serve this increasingly important segment of the general population.</p

THE CONCISE GUIDE TO PHARMACOLOGY 2021/22: G protein-coupled receptors

The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2021/22 is the fifth in this series of biennial publications. The Concise Guide provides concise overviews, mostly in tabular format, of the key properties of nearly 1900 human drug targets with an emphasis on selective pharmacology (where available), plus links to the open access knowledgebase source of drug targets and their ligands (www.guidetopharmacology.org), which provides more detailed views of target and ligand properties. Although the Concise Guide constitutes over 500 pages, the material presented is substantially reduced compared to information and links presented on the website. It provides a permanent, citable, point-in-time record that will survive database updates. The full contents of this section can be found at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/bph.15538. G protein-coupled receptors are one of the six major pharmacological targets into which the Guide is divided, with the others being: ion channels, nuclear hormone receptors, catalytic receptors, enzymes and transporters. These are presented with nomenclature guidance and summary information on the best available pharmacological tools, alongside key references and suggestions for further reading. The landscape format of the Concise Guide is designed to facilitate comparison of related targets from material contemporary to mid-2021, and supersedes data presented in the 2019/20, 2017/18, 2015/16 and 2013/14 Concise Guides and previous Guides to Receptors and Channels. It is produced in close conjunction with the Nomenclature and Standards Committee of the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (NC-IUPHAR), therefore, providing official IUPHAR classification and nomenclature for human drug targets, where appropriate

THE CONCISE GUIDE TO PHARMACOLOGY 2019/20 : G protein- coupled receptors

The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2019/20 is the fourth in this series of biennial publications. The Concise Guide provides concise overviews of the key properties of nearly 1800 human drug targets with an emphasis on selective pharmacology (where available), plus links to the open access knowledgebase source of drug targets and their ligands (www.guidetopharmacology.org), which provides more detailed views of target and ligand properties. Although the Concise Guide represents approximately 400 pages, the material presented is substantially reduced compared to information and links presented on the website. It provides a permanent, citable, point-in-time record that will survive database updates. The full contents of this section can be found at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.14748. G protein-coupled receptors are one of the six major pharmacological targets into which the Guide is divided, with the others being: ion channels, nuclear hormone receptors, catalytic receptors, enzymes and transporters. These are presented with nomenclature guidance and summary information on the best available pharmacological tools, alongside key references and suggestions for further reading. The landscape format of the Concise Guide is designed to facilitate comparison of related targets from material contemporary to mid-2019, and supersedes data presented in the 2017/18, 2015/16 and 2013/14 Concise Guides and previous Guides to Receptors and Channels. It is produced in close conjunction with the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology Committee on Receptor Nomenclature and Drug Classification (NC-IUPHAR), therefore, providing official IUPHAR classification and nomenclature for human drug targets, where appropriate.Peer reviewe

THE CONCISE GUIDE TO PHARMACOLOGY 2021/22: G protein-coupled receptors.

The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2021/22 is the fifth in this series of biennial publications. The Concise Guide provides concise overviews, mostly in tabular format, of the key properties of nearly 1900 human drug targets with an emphasis on selective pharmacology (where available), plus links to the open access knowledgebase source of drug targets and their ligands (www.guidetopharmacology.org), which provides more detailed views of target and ligand properties. Although the Concise Guide constitutes over 500 pages, the material presented is substantially reduced compared to information and links presented on the website. It provides a permanent, citable, point-in-time record that will survive database updates. The full contents of this section can be found at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/bph.15538. G protein-coupled receptors are one of the six major pharmacological targets into which the Guide is divided, with the others being: ion channels, nuclear hormone receptors, catalytic receptors, enzymes and transporters. These are presented with nomenclature guidance and summary information on the best available pharmacological tools, alongside key references and suggestions for further reading. The landscape format of the Concise Guide is designed to facilitate comparison of related targets from material contemporary to mid-2021, and supersedes data presented in the 2019/20, 2017/18, 2015/16 and 2013/14 Concise Guides and previous Guides to Receptors and Channels. It is produced in close conjunction with the Nomenclature and Standards Committee of the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (NC-IUPHAR), therefore, providing official IUPHAR classification and nomenclature for human drug targets, where appropriate

The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2023/24: G protein-coupled receptors.

peer reviewedThe Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2023/24 is the sixth in this series of biennial publications. The Concise Guide provides concise overviews, mostly in tabular format, of the key properties of approximately 1800 drug targets, and about 6000 interactions with about 3900 ligands. There is an emphasis on selective pharmacology (where available), plus links to the open access knowledgebase source of drug targets and their ligands (https://www.guidetopharmacology.org), which provides more detailed views of target and ligand properties. Although the Concise Guide constitutes almost 500 pages, the material presented is substantially reduced compared to information and links presented on the website. It provides a permanent, citable, point-in-time record that will survive database updates. The full contents of this section can be found at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/bph.16177. G protein-coupled receptors are one of the six major pharmacological targets into which the Guide is divided, with the others being: ion channels, nuclear hormone receptors, catalytic receptors, enzymes and transporters. These are presented with nomenclature guidance and summary information on the best available pharmacological tools, alongside key references and suggestions for further reading. The landscape format of the Concise Guide is designed to facilitate comparison of related targets from material contemporary to mid-2023, and supersedes data presented in the 2021/22, 2019/20, 2017/18, 2015/16 and 2013/14 Concise Guides and previous Guides to Receptors and Channels. It is produced in close conjunction with the Nomenclature and Standards Committee of the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (NC-IUPHAR), therefore, providing official IUPHAR classification and nomenclature for human drug targets, where appropriate