Additional Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes for Seed Isoflavone Content in Soybean

Seed isoflavone content of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) is a trait of moderate heritablity and an ideal target for marker selection. To date over 20 QTL have been identified underlying this trait among seven populations. The objectives of this study were to identify additional QTL and candidate genes controlling isoflavone content in a set of recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations of soybean grown in two different seasons. Variations of isoflavones namely daidzein, glycitein and genistein contents over two growing seasons and locations suggests that isoflavones are influenced by both genes and environments. Six QTL were identified on five different chromosomes (Chr) or linkage groups (LG) that controlled daidzein (Chr_2/LG-M; Chr_17a/LG-D2), glycitein (Chr_2/LG-D1b; Chr_8/LG-A2) and genistein (Chr_8/LG-A2; Chr_12/LG-H) respectively in the seeds grown in season 2010. Two QTL were identified for daidzein (Chr_6/LG-C2; Chr_13b/LG-F), two QTLs for glycitein (Chr_1/LG-D1a; Chr_17c/LG-D2) and five QTLs for genistein (Chr_3/ LG-N; Chr_8/LG-A2; Chr_9/LG-K; Chr_18/LG-G) in the seeds of the 2011 growing season. Genes located within QTL confidence intervals were retrieved and gene ontology (GO) terms were used to identify those related to the flavonoid biosynthesis process. Twenty six candidate genes were identified that may be involved in isoflavones accumulation in soybean seeds

A retrospective study of canine idiopathic renal haematuria: clinical findings and outcome following medical treatment

Objectives: To characterise and document the progression of idiopathic renal haematuria in a large cohort of medically managed UK dogs. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study of 41 client‐owned dogs with confirmed (n=14), or suspected (n=27) idiopathic renal haematuria from 4 UK‐based referral centres. Clinical findings and outcomes of dogs (2001 to 2018) were determined from the review of medical records and telephone follow‐up. Results: Median survival time from diagnosis was long [1482 (152 to 1825) days] irrespective of treatment and clinical response. Only 1 case was euthanased due to idiopathic renal haematuria, and anaemia or azotaemia occurred infrequently. In total, 25 dogs received angiotensin‐converting enzyme‐inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker therapy, of which 23 received benazepril [0.44 (0.19 to 0.82) mg/kg/24 hours], two received enalapril (0.40 and 0.78 mg/kg/24 hours) and one received telmisartan (1 mg/kg/24 hours). In cases with follow‐up urinalyses, complete resolution of haematuria was documented in eight of 19 (42%) dogs following angiotensin‐converting enzyme‐inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker treatment, with partial improvement in five of 19 (26%) and no improvement in six of 19 (31%). Conversely, of the two untreated dogs where outcome was available, one had partial improvement and the other had no improvement. Clinical Significance: In this study, idiopathic renal haematuria was associated with a good prognosis and low complication rate. Resolution or improvement in haematuria occurred in both angiotensin‐converting enzyme‐inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker‐treated and untreated dogs, indicating that further studies are required to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of these interventions

Prospective trial of different antimicrobial treatment durations for presumptive canine urinary tract infections

Abstract: Background: Avoidance of unnecessary antimicrobial administration is a key tenet of antimicrobial stewardship; knowing the optimal duration of therapy obviates over-treatment. However, little research has been performed to establish course lengths for common canine infections. In clinical practice, antimicrobial therapy is frequently prescribed in dogs presenting lower urinary tract signs (haematuria, pollakiuria and dysuria/stranguria). The proposed length of treatment in International Consensus guidelines has decreased with each iteration, but these recommendations remain arbitrary and largely extrapolated from experience in people. Methods: The objective of this prospective, multi-centre study is to find the shortest course duration that is non-inferior to the standard duration of 7 days of amoxicillin/clavulanate in terms of clinical outcomes for female dogs with lower urinary tract signs consistent with a urinary tract infection. An electronic data capture platform will be used by participating veterinarians working in clinical practice in the United Kingdom. Eligible dogs must be female, aged between 6 months and 10 years and have lower urinary tract signs of up to seven days’ duration. Enrolment will be offered in cases where the case clinician intends to prescribe antimicrobial therapy. Automatic pseudo-randomisation to treatment group will be based on the day of presentation (Monday-Friday); all antimicrobial courses will be completed on the Sunday after presentation generating different treatment durations. Follow-up data will be collected 1, 8 and 22–26 days after completion of the antimicrobial course to ensure effective safety netting, and to monitor short-term outcome and recurrence rates. Informed owner consent will be obtained in all cases. The study is approved by the Ethical Review Board of the University of Nottingham and has an Animal Test Certificate from the Veterinary Medicine’s Directorate. Discussion: This study has been designed to mirror current standards of clinical management; conclusions should therefore, be widely applicable and guide practising veterinarians in their antimicrobial decision-making process. A duration-response curve will be created allowing determination of the optimal treatment duration for the management of female dogs with lower urinary tract signs. It is hoped that these results will contribute valuable information to improve future antimicrobial stewardship as part of a wider one-health perspective

Lifestyle factors and risk of multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases: a multinational cohort study

Abstract: Background: Although lifestyle factors have been studied in relation to individual non-communicable diseases (NCDs), their association with development of a subsequent NCD, defined as multimorbidity, has been scarcely investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between five lifestyle factors and incident multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 291,778 participants (64% women) from seven European countries, mostly aged 43 to 58 years and free of cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) at recruitment, were included. Incident multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases was defined as developing subsequently two diseases including first cancer at any site, CVD, and T2D in an individual. Multi-state modelling based on Cox regression was used to compute hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of developing cancer, CVD, or T2D, and subsequent transitions to multimorbidity, in relation to body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and their combination as a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score. Cumulative incidence functions (CIFs) were estimated to compute 10-year absolute risks for transitions from healthy to cancer at any site, CVD (both fatal and non-fatal), or T2D, and to subsequent multimorbidity after each of the three NCDs. Results: During a median follow-up of 11 years, 1910 men and 1334 women developed multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases. A higher HLI, reflecting healthy lifestyles, was strongly inversely associated with multimorbidity, with hazard ratios per 3-unit increment of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.71 to 0.81), 0.84 (0.79 to 0.90), and 0.82 (0.77 to 0.88) after cancer, CVD, and T2D, respectively. After T2D, the 10-year absolute risks of multimorbidity were 40% and 25% for men and women, respectively, with unhealthy lifestyle, and 30% and 18% for men and women with healthy lifestyles. Conclusion: Pre-diagnostic healthy lifestyle behaviours were strongly inversely associated with the risk of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases, and with the prognosis of these diseases by reducing risk of multimorbidity

BILAN D'UN RESEAU DE SOINS D'URGENCE (ANALYSE D'UNE ANNEE DE FONCTIONNEMENT DU SMUR DE THIERS)

CLERMONT FD-BCIU-Santé (631132104) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Les troubles du comportement du chat âgé (étude statistique fondée sur l'analyse de 178 questionnaires)

L'auteur présente tout d'abord les modifications physiologiques liées au vieillissement chez tout être vivant et l'ensemble des troubles comportementaux spécifiques de l'animal âgé, particulièrement chez le chat. Il exploite ensuite les résultats d'un questionnaire distribué aux propriétaires de chats âgés afin de définir les divers symptômes de ces troubles comportementaux et les différents facteurs de risque qui y sont rattachés.NANTES-Ecole Nat.Vétérinaire (441092302) / SudocSudocFranceF

Etudes des risques de condensations dans les vetures étanches

L'objectif de l'étude est de définir de règles de conception des systèmes de parois avec peau étanche à l'extèrieur et sans lame d'air continue ventilée dans lesquels des dispositifs de drainage des flux de vapeur permettent leur diffusion vers l'extérieur

Etude des transferts de vapeur d'eau dans les vetures

Une veture se définit comme un composant d'isolation extérieure de facade, manufacturé en usine, de pose simple en une opération, comprenant un isolant protégé par une peau, l'isolant et la peau possèdant des dimensions (hauteur et largeur) égales ou proches. Pour permettre la conception et l'appréciation de tels composants dans le cas d'une peau étanche et en l'absence de lame d'air ventilée sous la peau, une ètude est menée pour quantifier les quantités d'eau susceptibles de se déposer en fonction de caratéristiques de chaque veture et des conditions environnantes