Empresa socialmente responsable y derechos fundamentales laborales

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Implication of Kv7 Channels in the Spinal Antinociceptive Actions of Celecoxib

Celecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used to treat pain conditions in humans. In addition to its blocking activity on cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, several other targets could contribute to its analgesic activity. Here we explore the spinal antinociceptive actions of celecoxib and the potential implication of Kv7 channels in mediating its effects. Spinal cord in vitro preparations from hind paw-inflamed animals were used to assess the segmental sensory-motor and the early sensory processing of nociceptive information. Electrophysio logical recordings of ventral roots and dorsal horn neurones were obtained, and the effects of celecoxib and Kv7 modulators on responses to repetitive dorsal root stimulation at C-fiber intensity were assessed. Celecoxib applied at clinically relevant concentrations produced depressant effects on responses to dorsal root stimulation recorded from both ventral roots and individual dorsal horn neurones; by contrast, the non-nociceptive monosynaptic reflex was unaffected. The NSAID indomethacin had no effect on spinal reflexes, but further coapplication of celecoxib still produced depressant effects. The depressant actions of celecoxib were abolished after Kv7 channel block ade and mimicked by its structural analog dimethyl-celecoxib, which lacks COX-blocking activity. The present results identify Kv7 channels as novel central targets for celecoxib, which may be relevant to its analgesic effect. This finding contributes to better understand the pharmacology of celecoxib and reinfor ces both the role of Kv7 channels in modulating the excitability of central pain pathways and its validity as target for the design of analgesics.Ministerio de Economía y Competitivida

La percepción del riesgo en las redes sociales entre la juventud inmigrada en España

La presente comunicación sistematiza los resultados de la búsqueda documental especializada en medios online sobre Juventud, Inmigración, Redes sociales y Riesgos, junto a los resultados preliminares obtenidos en el trabajo de campo de la investigación "Las relaciones sociales de los jóvenes migrantes en Internet desde la perspectiva de la interculturalidad" (CSO2011- 24376), proyecto de I+D financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación del Gobierno de España. La búsqueda documental se centra en trabajos científicos, incluyendo otras fuentes únicamente en casos especialmente relevantes (blogs especializados, páginas web institucionales, etc.). Los resultados de dicha sistematización evidencian que la relación de descriptores Juventud- Inmigración-Redes sociales-Riesgos ha sido poco tratada en su totalidad por la literatura científica, con escasas referencias bibliográficas que aborden la problemática aunando estas cuatro perspectivas. Esta ausencia ofrece un interesante campo de trabajo académico sobre los riesgos en la construcción de la identidad de los jóvenes inmigrantes, en la que se ponen en juego valores como la tolerancia, el racismo, la intimidad, el sexismo, etc. La búsqueda documental se complementa y refuerza en el trabajo de campo, que consistió en la realización de focus groups con adolescentes españoles e inmigrantes escolarizados en tres provincias españolas (Barcelona, Madrid y Vizcaya), con edades comprendidas entre los 13 y los 18 años. La metodología utilizada fue de tipo experimental, mediante talleres de investigación en los que se combinaba la información de cuestionarios individuales con la discusión grupal y la producción consensuada (por sexo) de materiales iconográficos (fotografías) relativos a aspectos identitarios y culturales propios. La guía de discusión incluía, entre otros temas, la exploración de las percepciones de los jóvenes sobre los riesgos asociados al uso de las tecnologías y, más específicamente, a las redes sociales. Esta comunicación explora, analíticamente los primeros resultados de dicho trabajo de campo

Central sensitization of dorsal root potentials and dorsal root reflexes: An in vitro study in the mouse spinal cord

Background: Axo-axonic contacts onto central terminals of primary afferents modulate sensory inputs to the spinal cord. These contacts produce primary afferent depolarization (PAD), which serves as a mechanism for presynaptic inhibition, and also produce dorsal root reflexes (DRRs), which may regulate the excitability of peripheral terminals and second order neurons. We aimed to identify changes in these responses as a consequence of peripheral inflammation. Methods: In vitro spinal cord recordings of spontaneous activities in dorsal and ventral roots were performed in control mice and following paw inflammation. We also used pharmacological assays to define the neurotransmitter systems implicated in such responses. Results: Paw inflammation increased the frequency and amplitude of spontaneous dorsal root depolarizations, the occurrence of DRRs and the amplitude of ventral roots depolarizations. PAD was classified in two different patterns based on their relation to ventral activity: time-locked and independent events. Both patterns increased in amplitude after paw inflammation, and independent events also increased in frequency. The circuits that were responsible for this activity implicated both glutamatergic and GABAergic transmission. Adrenergic modulation differentially affected both types of PAD, and this modulation changed after paw inflammation. Conclusions: Our findings suggest the existence of independent spinal circuits at the origin of PAD and DRRs. Inflammation modulates these circuits differentially, unveiling varied mechanisms of spinal sensitization. This in vitro approach provides an isolated model for the study of the mechanisms of central sensitization and for the performance of pharmacological assays with the purpose of identifying and testing novel antinociceptive targets.Ministerio de Economía y Competitivida

Análisis jurídico de las relaciones laborales: el recurso a la ficción literaria

Memoria ID-0194. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2017-2018

Aplicación del método activo de enseñanza al estudio de la jurisprudencia constitucional sobre derechos fundamentales laborales de titularidad inespecífica

Memoria ID-0219. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2017-2018

Adult Attachment, Conflict Resolution Style and Relationship Quality among Spanish Young-adult Couples

The evidence of the interrelationships between adult attachment, conflict resolution style and relationship quality in couple relationships shows some inconsistencies and it is mostly based on English-speaking adult samples, as well as on individuals’ rather than on both couple members’ reports. Therefore, the aim was to examine the associations between adult attachment, conflict resolution style and relationship quality from a dyadic approach. A sample of 405 heterosexual young couples completed online the brief version of the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised Questionnaire, the respondent version of the Conflict Resolution Styles Inventory, and a 4-item measure of relationship quality. Avoidance attachment showed a stronger negative correlation than anxiety with relationship quality. Withdrawal and conflict engagement styles were more highly correlated with avoidance and anxiety, respectively. At a dyadic level, relationship quality was negatively predicted by actor avoidance attachment and positively predicted by partner relationship quality. No actor or partner effects of conflict resolution style on relationship quality were observed. Overall, partners with higher attachment anxiety and avoidance reported more dysfunctional conflict resolution styles and less satisfaction with the relationship

Automatic assessment of transcatheter aortic valve implantation results on four-dimensional computed tomography images using artificial intelligence

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a procedure to treat severe aortic stenosis. There are several clinical concerns related to potential complications after the procedure, which demand the analysis of computerized tomography (CT) scans after TAVI to assess the implant’s result. This work introduces a novel, fully automatic method for the analysis of post-TAVI 4D-CT scans to characterize the prosthesis and its relationship with the patient’s anatomy. The method enables measurement extraction, including prosthesis volume, center of mass, cross-sectional area (CSA) along the prosthesis axis, and CSA difference between the aortic root and prosthesis, all the variables studied throughout the cardiac cycle. The method has been implemented and evaluated with a cohort of 13 patients with five different prosthesis models, successfully extracting all the measurements from each patient in an automatic way. For Allegra patients, the mean of the obtained inner volume values ranged from 10,798.20 mm3 to 18,172.35 mm3, and CSA in the maximum diameter plane varied from 396.35 mm2 to 485.34 mm2. The implantation of this new method could provide information of the important clinical value that would contribute to the improvement of TAVI, significantly reducing the time and effort invested by clinicians in the image interpretation process.Xunta de Galicia | Ref. IN607B-2021/1