Does the advent of modern implant systems and the refinement of free flap technique negate the effect of radiotherapy in oral cancer dental implant based oral rehabilitation

Aim: The aim of this study was to see whether the advent of modern implant systems, and the refinement of free flap techniques, negate the effect of radiotherapy in patients with oral cancer who undergo dental implant–based oral rehabilitation. Materials and method: A retrospective study was performed to look at the success rates of implants placed in all patients, in a 3 year period at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham. Survival rates in irradiated patients were compared with success rates in patients who did receive radiotherapy. Results and conclusions: The rate of failure is comparable in the no radiotherapy group (1.12%) and post-radiotherapy group (1.76%). Our study shows that there was no significant difference in survival when implants were placed in native, grafted bone or in free flap reconstructions in irradiated head and neck cancer patients. Ultimately, the current evidence is not strong enough to prove whether the advent of modern implants systems, and the refinement of free flap techniques, does negate the effect of radiotherapy in patients with oral cancer undergoing dental implant–based oral rehabilitation. There is a need to perform a prospective clinical trial to observe clinical outcomes in both patients who have received radiotherapy and those who have not received radiotherap

Design grammars as evaluation tools in the first year studio

This paper describes a teaching experience conducted and carried out as part of the coursework of first year students. The workshop is the third of three workshops planned to take place during the course of the first year studio, aimed at introducing new ways of thinking and introducing students to a new pattern of architectural education. The experiment was planned under the theme of “Evaluation” during the final stage. A grammatical approach was chosen to deliver the methodology in the design studio, based on shape grammars

Controller Energy management for hybrid renewable energy system

A new modified configuration for the stand-alone photovoltaic- wind ndash diesel generator system with and without battery to electrify a remote area household load in Egypt is presented. The displaying, reenactment, and operational control technique for the framework is produced. The created control intends to enhance the energy flow inside the framework, with the end goal that the heap is fulfilled autonomous on the varieties in insolation, the temperature and the wind speed. Additionally, it means to ensure the battery against overcharging or excessive discharging. Also, it means to secure the worldwide framework against the unpredictable excess or defict of the available energy

Impact of Education Program about Family Planning among Yemeni Women on their “Knowledge and Attitude” in Sana’a city

A rapid population growth is a burden on the resources of many developing countries. Unregulated fertility, which contributes to such situations, compromises the economic development and political stability of these countries. Contraceptive use is the lowest in Yemen where about 1 out of 5 married women of reproductive age use contraception and only about 1 out of 10 married women use a modern method. The study conducted to evaluate the impact of implementing an educational program of family planning upon Yemeni women at Sana'a City. The study was Quasi-experimental research design. It was conducted in Al-Sabeen Hospital and Al-Olofi Center for Childhood and Motherhood which included a sample of one hundred and forty women, divided equally into two groups: study group and control group (seventy for each group). It included three tools; tool one a social demographic data and women’ knowledge about family planning. Tool two women’ attitude toward birth control. Tool three educational program about family planning. More than half of the control group (57.1%) whose age was between 30 years and less than 40 years and (40%) of studied group and (45.7 %) of the control group had preparatory education. The number of pregnancies was more than two fifth (41.4%) of the study group had three or more times while (58.6%) about two third for the control group. Unwanted pregnancy represented (64.3% and 57.1% respectively) of both study and control group. Women' knowledge had a poor score on pretest, improved  to good score on immediate post test, and  remaining good score with slight decrease on follow up test. Their attitudes score were slight positive attitudes on pretest, but increased on immediate post test, and on follow up test. There was highly statistically significant difference between the women’ knowledge about FP in pre, immediate post test and follow-up. Also, there was a highly statistically significant difference between women’ attitude in pre and immediate post test and follow-up test. Family planning program should involve men as well as women, design and implement a strategy to ensure all primary health care clinics provide counseling on FP. Keywords: Family planning, Control birth, Spacing, Contraception.

Can Europe recover without credit?

Data from 135 countries covering five decades suggests that creditless recoveries, in which the stock of real credit does not return to the pre-crisis level for three years after the GDP trough, are not rare and are characterised by remarkable real GDP growth rates: 4.7 percent per year in middle-income countries and 3.2 percent per year in high-income countries. However, the implications of these historical episodes for the current European situation are limited, for two main reasons. First, creditless recoveries are much less common in highincome countries, than in low-income countries which are financially undeveloped. European economies heavily depend on bank loans and research suggests that loan supply played a major role in the recent weak credit performance of Europe. There are reasons to believe that, despite various efforts, normal lending has not yet been restored. Limited loan supply could be disruptive for the European economic recovery and there has been only a minor substitution of bank loans with debt securities. Second, creditless recoveries were associated with significant real exchange rate depreciation, which has hardly occurred so far in most of Europe. This stylised fact suggests that it might be difficult to re-establish economic growth in the absence of sizeable real exchange rate depreciation, if credit growth does not return

Evaluación de la prescripción y uso de medicamentos supresores de ácido en hospitales centrales en la región de Abha, Arabia Saudita

Objective: The aim of this study was to study and assess the indications of acid suppressive drugs and to find out percentage of irrational prescriptions with acid suppressive drugs. Material/Methods: It is a prospective observational study conducted in the Armed Forces Hospitals Southern Region and Abha Maternity Hospital, both in Abha in Assir region (Saudi Arabia). The sample size of study was 185 patients. The case sheets of the patients’ prescription order were reviewed for acid suppressive drugs prescription and relevant data was taken. Patients’ age above 18 were identified. The duration of study was 8 weeks, between May and June 2017. Results: Our results showed that the majority of the prescriptions of proton pump inhibitors (68.1%) were unjustifiable and that proton pump inhibitor was the most commonly prescribed acid suppressive drugs for the patients (97.8%). The frequency of prescribing for the autism spectrum disorders in our study was found to be higher in patients with an existing risk factor and was mostly recommended by physicians as concomitant medications (67.6%). The most common concomitant medications used with the proton pump inhibitors were non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (29.2%) in which aspirin composed 13.5% of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs prescribed followed by antimicrobials (9.2%). Conclusion: Acid suppressive drugs are the most commonly prescribed drugs with no proper indications hence irrational. Based on the results of this study, creating awareness about reasonable use of acid suppressive drugs is a necessity.Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue estudiar y evaluar las indicaciones de los medicamentos supresores de ácidos y averiguar el porcentaje de recetas irracionales con medicamentos supresores de ácidos. Material / Métodos: es un estudio observacional prospectivo realizado en los Hospitales de las Fuerzas Armadas del Sur y en el Hospital de Maternidad Abha, ambos en Abha en la región de Assir (Arabia Saudita). El tamaño muestral del estudio fue de 185 pacientes. Se revisaron las hojas de casos de orden de prescripción de los pacientes para la prescripción de medicamentos supresores de ácido y se tomaron los datos pertinentes. Se identificó la edad de los pacientes mayores de 18 años. La duración del estudio fue de 8 semanas, entre mayo y junio de 2017. Resultados: nuestros resultados mostraron que la mayoría de las prescripciones de inhibidores de la bomba de protones (68,1%) eran injustificables y que este era el fármaco supresor de ácido más comúnmente prescrito para los pacientes (97,8%). La frecuencia de prescripción para los trastornos del espectro autistas en nuestro estudio, fue mayor en pacientes con un factor de riesgo existente y fue recomendada principalmente por los médicos como medicamentos concomitantes (67,6%). Los medicamentos concomitantes más comunes que se usaron con los inhibidores de la bomba de protones fueron los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (29.2%) en los cuales la aspirina supuso el 13,5% de los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos prescritos, seguidos por los antimicrobianos (9.2%) Conclusión: los medicamentos supresores de ácido son los medicamentos más comúnmente recetados sin indicaciones adecuadas, por lo que son irracionales. Basado en los resultados de este estudio, crear conciencia sobre el uso razonable de los medicamentos supresores del ácido es una necesidad

Effect of nisin on the keeping quality of feta cheese

In an attempt to extend cheese shelf-life, nisin was added to Feta cheese during cheese making to achieve a final concentration of 40 lU/ml ofmilk. At this concentration, acid production was slightlyretarded afterthe curd cutting but not completely inhibited. Cheese manufacture proceeded apparently normally yielding a product that met Greek regulatory standards. Chemical analysis showed that nisin addition had no significant effect (P<0.01) on salt, fat or ash contents. However, the total chee se dry matter was significantly reduced. The 8helf-life was shortened to less than 47 days due to intensive growth of Gram negative bacteria not inhibited by nisin. Such organisms were probably stimulated by the inhibition of competitive Gram positive bacteria incIuding, the starter culture, to sorne extent. The shelf-life of the control cheese exceeded 60 days.Résumé:Effet de la nisine sur la conservabilité du fromage FetaDans une tentative d'extension de la durée de conservation du fromage "Feta", la nisine lui a été ajoutée durant sa fabrication à une concentration finale de 40 UI/ml de lait. À cette concentration, la production d'acide a été légèrement affectée après coupure du caillé sans être complètement inhibée. La fabrication du fromage a continué apparemment normalement aboutissant à un produit conforme aux normes grecs. L'analyse chimique a révélé que l'addition de nisine n'avait pas d'effet significatif (P<O,Ol) sur les teneurs en sel, matière grasse et cendres. Cependant, le taux de matière sèche a été significativement réduit. La durée de conservation a été réduite à moins de 47 jours à cause d'une croissance intensive des bactéries à Gram négatif qui ne sont pas inhibées par la nisine. La croissance de ces bactéries a été probablement favorisée par l'inhibition, à un certain degré, des bactéries à Gram positif compétitives comprenant celles du ferment. La durée de conservation du témoin (fromage sans ajout de nisine) a, en revanche, dépassé les 60 jours