8 research outputs found
Public Perceptions of the Role of Lifestyle Factors in Cancer Development: Results from the Spanish Onco-Barometer 2020
The European Code against Cancer recommends not to smoke, to avoid alcohol consumption, to eat a healthy diet, and maintain a healthy weight to prevent cancer. To what extent is the
public aware of the influence of these lifestyle factors on cancer development? The goal of the current study was to describe the perceived influence of four lifestyle factors (tobacco, alcohol, diet,
and weight) on cancer development in the general population and identify factors related to low
perceptions of influence. We analyzed data from the 2020 Onco-barometer (n = 4769), a representative population-based survey conducted in Spain. With the exception of smoking, lifestyle factors
were among those with the least perceived influence, more so among the demographic groups at
higher risk from cancer including men and older individuals (65+ years). Individuals from lower
socio-economic groups were more likely to report not knowing what influence lifestyle factors have
on cancer. Lower perceived influence was also consistently related to perceiving very low risk from
cancer. Overall, although there is variation in perceptions regarding the different lifestyle factors,
low perceived influence clusters among those at higher risk for cancer. These results signal the need
for public health campaigns and messages informing the public about the preventive potential of
lifestyle factors beyond avoiding tobacco consumption.Cancer Observatory of the Spanish Association against CancerCancer Epidemiological Surveillance Subprogram (VICA) of the
CIBERESP, Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, SpainHealth Institute Carlos III (Expde: CD19/00203)Juan de la Cierva
Fellowship from the Ministry of Science and the National Research Agency (MCIN/AEI, JC2019-
039691-I, http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033, 3 October 2021)
Conocimiento y evaluación de la toma de decisiones compartidas en la práctica oncológica desde el punto de vista médico
Background: Implementation of Shared Decision
Making (SDM) in oncology is limited. The objective
of the study was to determine the extent of physicians’
awareness of Shared Decision Making (SDM) in their
treatment of cancer patients, the usefulness that they
assign to SDM, the role they play, their assessment of
SDM, and perceptions of the main barriers and facilitators
to its use.
Methods: A questionnaire was completed by medical
oncologists, radiation oncologists and general surgeons
working in Andalusia (Spain). Sociodemographic,
clinical-care and aspects of SDM variables were collected.
SDM was evaluated using the SDM-Q-Doc questionnaire.
Non-parametric contrasts were used to determine the
possible differences between medical specialties.
Results: The questionnaire was sent to 351
physicians. The response rate was 37.04%, 63 women and
67 men, with an average age of 45.6 years and 18.04 years’
experience. Of these, 33.08% were medical oncologists,
34.61% radiation oncologists and 29.23% general
surgeons. A total of 82.3% stated they had received no
training in SDM, whereas 33.8% said they knew a lot
about SDM and applied it in practice; 80% considered it
to be very useful. In addition, 60% of respondents said
they were mainly the ones who made the decisions on
treatment. An evaluation of SDM on the SDM-Q-Doc
scale showed that all the specialities scored more than
80/100. The main barriers to applying SDM were the
difficulty patients experienced in understanding what they
needed to know, the lack of decision aids and time.
Conclusions: Some 82% of physicians have no
training in SDM and 66% don´t use it in practice, with
decisions on treatment taken mainly by the physicians
themselves. Strategies to increase training in SDM and to
implement it into clinical practice are important.Fundamentos: La implementación de la Toma de
Decisiones Compartidas (TDC) en oncología es escasa.
El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el conocimiento de
la TDC que tienen los médicos que tratan a pacientes con
cáncer, la utilidad que le conceden, el rol que desempeñan,
la evaluación que hacen, y las barreras y facilitadores que
encuentran para su uso.
Métodos: Se realizó una encuesta a oncólogos
médicos, oncólogos radioterápicos y cirujanos generales
que ejercían en Andalucía (España). Se recogieron
variables sociodemográficas, clínico-asistenciales y
de aspectos de la TDC. La TDC se evaluó mediante el
cuestionario SDM-Q-Doc. Se emplearon contrastes no
paramétricos para determinar las posibles diferencias
entre especialidades médicas.
Resultados: El cuestionario se envió a 351 médicos
y la tasa de respuesta fue del 37,04%. Respondieron 63
mujeres y 67 hombres, con un promedio de 45,6 años
de edad y 18,04 años de experiencia. El 33,08% eran
oncólogos médicos, el 34,61% oncólogos radioterápicos
y el 29,23% cirujanos generales. El 82,3% no tenía
formación en TDC y el 33,8% reconocía saber bastante
y utilizarla en su práctica habitual. El 80% consideró que
era muy útil. El 60% respondió que la decisión sobre el
tratamiento la tomaban mayormente ellos. Al evaluar la
TDC con la escala SDM-Q-Doc, todas las especialidades
obtuvieron más de 80 puntos sobre 100. Las principales
barreras para aplicar la TDC fueron la dificultad del
paciente para entender lo que necesitaba saber, la falta de
instrumentos de apoyo, así como la falta de tiempo.
Conclusiones: Un 82% de los médicos no tiene
formación en TDC y un 66% no la utiliza en su práctica
habitual, tomando la decisión sobre el tratamiento
mayoritariamente ellos. Es importante adoptar estrategias
para aumentar la formación en TDC e implementarla en la
práctica clínica diaria
Public perceptions of the role of lifestyle factors in cancer. Development: Results from the Spanish Onco-Barometer 2020.
The European Code against Cancer recommends not to smoke, to avoid alcohol consumption, to eat a healthy diet, and maintain a healthy weight to prevent cancer. To what extent is the public aware of the influence of these lifestyle factors on cancer development? The goal of the current study was to describe the perceived influence of four lifestyle factors (tobacco, alcohol, diet,and weight) on cancer development in the general population and identify factors related to low perceptions of influence. We analyzed data from the 2020 Onco-barometer (n = 4769), a representative population-based survey conducted in Spain. With the exception of smoking, lifestyle factors were among those with the least perceived influence, more so among the demographic groups at higher risk from cancer including men and older individuals (65+ years). Individuals from lower socioeconomic groups were more likely to report not knowing what influence lifestyle factors haveon cancer. Lower perceived influence was also consistently related to perceiving very low risk from cancer. Overall, although there is variation in perceptions regarding the different lifestyle factors,low perceived influence clusters among those at higher risk for cancer. These results signal the need for public health campaigns and messages informing the public about the preventive potential of lifestyle factors beyond avoiding tobacco consumption
Physical Comorbidities and Depression in Recent and Long-Term Adult Cancer Survivors: NHANES 2007–2018
Many adult cancer patients present one or more physical comorbidities. Besides interfering
with treatment and prognosis, physical comorbidities could also increase the already heightened
psychological risk of cancer patients. To test this possibility, we investigated the relationship between
physical comorbidities with depression symptoms in a sample of 2073 adult cancer survivors drawn
from the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
(2007–2018) in the U.S. Based on information regarding 16 chronic conditions, the number of comorbidities diagnosed before and after the cancer diagnosis was calculated. The number of comorbidities
present at the moment of cancer diagnosis was significantly related to depression risk in recent but
not in long-term survivors. Recent survivors who suffered multimorbidity had 3.48 (95% CI 1.26–9.55)
times the odds of reporting significant depressive symptoms up to 5 years after the cancer diagnosis.
The effect of comorbidities was strongest among survivors of breast cancer. The comorbidities with
strongest influence on depression risk were stroke, kidney disease, hypertension, obesity, asthma,
and arthritis. Information about comorbidities is usually readily available and could be useful in
streamlining depression screening or targeting prevention efforts in cancer patients and survivors.
A multidimensional model of the interaction between cancer and other physical comorbidities on
mental health is proposed.Sara Borrell - the Health Institute Carlos
III (Expde: CD19/00203
Estudio observacional post-introducción de las pruebas predictivo/pronósticas en cáncer de mama del Sistema Sanitario Público de Andalucía (SSPA)
YesEste trabajo se lleva a cabo para dar respuesta a las siguientes preguntas de investigación:
1. ¿Se han seleccionado de manera adecuada a las pacientes candidatas a las pruebas genómicas en función de los criterios de inclusión establecidos?
2. ¿Los resultados de las plataformas genómicas modifican la decisión terapéutica del profesional?
3. ¿Qué implicaciones económicas suponen la incorporación de estas plataformas a la cartera de Servicios del SSPA
Physical comorbidities and depression in recent and long-term adult cancer survivors: NHANES 2007-2018
Thisstudy uses data from the NHANES survey, waves 2007-2018.
The majority of cancer patients suffer one or more physical comorbidities (other somatic diseas-es present at the moment of cancer diagnosis). Previous research has shown that these comor-bidities can interfere with cancer treatment and shorten the patient’s survival time. We propose that comorbidities could also interfere with the mental health of cancer patients and increase the risk of suffering depression in the years following the cancer diagnosis. We tested this possibil-ity in a study of 2,073 adult cancer survivors. We found that the number of physical comorbidi-ties present at the moment of cancer diagnosis was related to higher risk of reporting depression in cancer survivors who were diagnosed up to 5 years before the study. This relationship was strongest among survivors of breast cancer. Information about comorbidities is usually readily available and could be useful in streamlining depression screening or targeting prevention ef-forts in cancer patients and survivors
Cáncer Colorrectal: proceso asistencial integrado. 3ª ed
YesEl cáncer colorrectal (CCR) es uno de los cánceres más frecuentes en nuestro entorno, con una incidencia en aumento en las últimas décadas. Esto pone de relieve la importancia de la actualización del proceso asistencial integrado como elemento vehicular en la mejora de la atención al paciente con cáncer colorrectal y por otro lado la necesidad de ahondar en el acceso y la concienciación de la población para participar en los programas de vigilancia y diagnóstico precoz.
La presente actualización del Proceso Asistencial Integrado genera el marco adecuado para el abordaje multidisciplinar de esta patología con una definición de actividades y características de calidad que implican a todos los profesionales y se resumen en recomendaciones de hacer y no hacer basadas en la mejor evidencia disponibles en las guías de práctica clínica revisadas e incluidas en este documento
Cáncer de mama: proceso asistencial integrado 3ª ed
YesEn el documento se aborda el cáncer de mama desde la gestión por procesos, analizando y ordenando los flujos de trabajo y con la necesidad de actualización del conocimiento científico, planes de cuidados y todos los aspectos de la enfermedad. Por ello, en esta tercera edición, se realiza una revisión y actualización de la anterior, incorporando nuevos aspectos relacionados con dimensiones específicas de calidad, tales como la persona, la evidencia científica, el uso adecuado del medicamento, los cuidados enfermeros y la seguridad del paciente