Graffiti: : Patrimônio cultural material ou imaterial?

 It discusses graffiti as a cultural heritage and proposes that it can be preserved for future generations. It is recognized the paradoxical aspect that works of the type graffiti inspire in relation to the proposal of its institutionalization and safeguard, considering the principle of the ephemeris that it carries within itself. The question is: is graffiti characterized as material or immaterial cultural heritage? As a general objective, it was proposed to understand concepts that characterize graffiti as cultural heritage, capable of being documented and preserved, and, for its scope, it was defined by analyzing proposals for convergence between graffiti and the material and immaterial cultural assets of contribute to the documentary treatment of graffiti. The research, with a qualitative approach and of a theoretical-conceptual nature, presents exploratory objectives and makes use of bibliographic and documentary procedures. It turns out that graffiti fits both the category of immaterial and material cultural heritage: immaterial, because it is included in the scope of the visual arts as knowledge and form of artistic expression, and, material, for generating a tangible product made by the human hand through of a technique. Graffiti is liable to have documentary treatment both on account of its material and immaterial aspects, which makes it an information resource for cultural assets.Discute el graffiti como patrimonio cultural y propone que se pueda preservar para las generaciones futuras. Reconoce el aspecto paradójico que inspiran las obras del tipo graffiti en relación con la propuesta de su institucionalización y salvaguarda, dado el principio de efemérides que lleva en sí mismo. La pregunta es: ¿el graffiti se caracteriza como patrimonio cultural material o inmaterial? Como objetivo general se planteó comprender conceptos que caracterizan al graffiti como patrimonio cultural, susceptible de ser documentado y preservado, y, para su alcance, se definió analizando propuestas de convergencia entre el graffiti y los bienes culturales materiales e inmateriales de tal que contribuyan al tratamiento documental del graffiti. La investigación, con enfoque cualitativo y de carácter teórico-conceptual, presenta objetivos exploratorios y hace uso de procedimientos bibliográficos y documentales. Resulta que el grafiti encaja tanto en la categoría de patrimonio cultural inmaterial como material: inmaterial, en tanto se incluye en el ámbito de las artes visuales como conocimiento y forma de expresión artística, y material, en tanto genera un producto tangible hecho por el mano humana a través de una técnica. El grafiti es objeto de un tratamiento documental tanto por su aspecto material como inmaterial, lo que lo consagra como recurso informativo de los bienes culturales.Discute o graffiti como patrimônio cultural e propõe que este possa ser preservado para as futuras gerações. Reconhece-se o aspecto paradoxal que obras do tipo graffiti inspiram em relação à proposta de sua institucionalização e salvaguarda, posto o princípio de efeméride que carrega em si. Questiona-se: o graffiti é caracterizado como patrimônio cultural material ou imaterial? Como objetivo geral, propôs-se compreender conceitos que caracterizem o graffiti como patrimônio cultural, passível de ser documentado e preservado, e, para o seu alcance, definiu-se por analisar propostas de convergência entre os graffiti e os bens culturais materiais e imateriais de modo que contribuam para o tratamento documental dos graffiti. A pesquisa, com abordagem qualitativa e de natureza teórico-conceitual, apresenta objetivos exploratórios e faz uso de procedimentos bibliográficos e documentais. Resulta que o graffiti enquadra-se tanto na categoria de patrimônio cultural imaterial quanto material: imaterial, por estar incluído no âmbito das artes visuais como saber e forma de expressão artística, e, material, por gerar um produto tangível realizado pela mão humana por meio de uma técnica. O graffiti é passível de ter o tratamento documental tanto por conta de seus aspectos materiais quanto imateriais, o que o consagra como recurso informacional de bens culturais

Graffiti:

Discute o graffiti como patrimônio cultural e propõe que este possa ser preservado para as futuras gerações. Reconhece-se o aspecto paradoxal que obras do tipo graffiti inspiram em relação à proposta de sua institucionalização e salvaguarda, posto o princípio de efeméride que carrega em si. Questiona-se: o graffiti é caracterizado como patrimônio cultural material ou imaterial? Como objetivo geral, propôs-se compreender conceitos que caracterizem o graffiti como patrimônio cultural, passível de ser documentado e preservado, e, para o seu alcance, definiu-se por analisar propostas de convergência entre os graffiti e os bens culturais materiais e imateriais de modo que contribuam para o tratamento documental dos graffiti. A pesquisa, com abordagem qualitativa e de natureza teórico-conceitual, apresenta objetivos exploratórios e faz uso de procedimentos bibliográficos e documentais. Resulta que o graffiti enquadra-se tanto na categoria de patrimônio cultural imaterial quanto material: imaterial, por estar incluído no âmbito das artes visuais como saber e forma de expressão artística, e, material, por gerar um produto tangível realizado pela mão humana por meio de uma técnica. O graffiti é passível de ter o tratamento documental tanto por conta de seus aspectos materiais quanto imateriais, o que o consagra como recurso informacional de bens culturais

TECNOLOGIAS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO, METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS E OS FATORES DE INTERAÇÃO: um olhar sobre as contribuições de Marshall McLuhan

O presente estudo traz reflexões acerca do processo de interação do indivíduo com as metodologias ativas por meio do uso de Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) e faz conexão com os pensamentos de Marshall McLuhan. Para tanto, o artigo é de abordagem qualitativa e de natureza teórico-aplicada, apresenta objetivos descritivos e exploratórios e faz uso de procedimentos bibliográficos e documentais. Como resultado, a importância do uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação, proporciona inserções de metodologias ativas e estruturas pedagógicas para o efetivo processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Assim, o desafio é a adaptação ao cenário cada vez mais mutável, e o processo de aprendizagem está diretamente relacionado à capacidade de relacionamento interpessoal, no desenvolvimento do comportamento informacional, na construção do conhecimento científico e no domínio das TIC

Oral Mucositis in Children with Leukemia Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Case Series

Objective: To report nine cases of pediatric patients with Acute Lymphoid Leukemia (ALL) or Acute Myeloid Leukemia who developed severe oral mucositis (SOM) at the first week of chemotherapy. Material and Methods: The cases were selected from a sample of 105 children followed for 10 consecutive weeks. Hematological and personal data were obtained from the patient\u27s medical records. The oral cavity was examined weekly using the modified Oral Assessment Guide. Results: More of the patients were male (55.6%), had black/brown skin (55.6%), with ALL (66.7%), and the mean age was 5.55. Two patients had values below normal for leukocytes, platelets, and creatinine over the follow-up. However, all patients showed changes in the normality of hematological data in most weeks. The most used chemotherapeutic agents were aracytin, etoposide, and methotrexate, known for their high stomatotoxic potential. Patients had 2 to 6 (mean of 4) episodes of SOM and 4 to 7 (mean of 5.5) episodes of OM. One patient at week 7, one patient at week 5, and one patient at weeks 2 and 10 did not have OM. Saliva (84 times) and lips (44 times) were the most affected items. Conclusion: The patients showed oscillations in the severity of oral mucositis and hematological parameters over the follow-up. All patients were exposed to stomatotoxic drugs during the initial phase of cancer treatment

Oral Mucositis in Children with Leukemia Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Case Series

Objective: To report nine cases of pediatric patients with Acute Lymphoid Leukemia (ALL) or Acute Myeloid Leukemia who developed severe oral mucositis (SOM) at the first week of chemotherapy. Material and Methods: The cases were selected from a sample of 105 children followed for 10 consecutive weeks. Hematological and personal data were obtained from the patient's medical records. The oral cavity was examined weekly using the modified Oral Assessment Guide. Results: More of the patients were male (55.6%), had black/brown skin (55.6%), with ALL (66.7%), and the mean age was 5.55. Two patients had values below normal for leukocytes, platelets, and creatinine over the follow-up. However, all patients showed changes in the normality of hematological data in most weeks. The most used chemotherapeutic agents were aracytin, etoposide, and methotrexate, known for their high stomatotoxic potential. Patients had 2 to 6 (mean of 4) episodes of SOM and 4 to 7 (mean of 5.5) episodes of OM. One patient at week 7, one patient at week 5, and one patient at weeks 2 and 10 did not have OM. Saliva (84 times) and lips (44 times) were the most affected items. Conclusion: The patients showed oscillations in the severity of oral mucositis and hematological parameters over the follow-up. All patients were exposed to stomatotoxic drugs during the initial phase of cancer treatment

Impact of COVID-19 on Oral Healthcare for Oncopediatric Patients: The Setting in a Reference Hospital in Northeast Brazil

Objective: To describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dental care provided to pediatric cancer patients assisted in a referral hospital. Material and Methods: This is an observational, retrospective study based on secondary data extracted from worksheets of dental procedures for patients aged between 0 and 19 years assisted in the pediatric oncology sector of a hospital in João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. Dental procedures performed by the interdisciplinary team of researchers from August 2018 to February 2020 (19 months prior to the pandemic) and from April 2020 to October 2021 (19 months during the pandemic) were totaled and compared. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed. Results: There was a reduction of 80.2% in dental interventions implemented in the sector during the pandemic, with the number of procedures decreasing from 6,210 (the period before the pandemic) to 1,229 (during the pandemic). Most procedures in both periods were performed for patients assisted in beds, for whom there was a reduction of care provided for 81.2% from 5,275 to 994 procedures. Dental procedures in the outpatient clinic decreased by 74.9%, from 935 to 235. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted dental care provided to pediatric oncology patients by restricting dental procedures to emergency demands, compromising performance prevention and health promotion actions

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost