Observed photodetachment in parallel electric and magnetic fields

We investigate photodetachment from negative ions in a homogeneous 1.0-T magnetic field and a parallel electric field of approximately 10 V/cm. A theoretical model for detachment in combined fields is presented. Calculations show that a field of 10 V/cm or more should considerably diminish the Landau structure in the detachment cross section. The ions are produced and stored in a Penning ion trap and illuminated by a single-mode dye laser. We present preliminary results for detachment from S- showing qualitative agreement with the model. Future directions of the work are also discussed.Comment: Nine pages, five figures, minor revisions showing final publicatio

Beyond the Single Organization: Inside Insights From Gaining Access for Large Multiorganization Survey HRD Research

Gaining physical access to potential respondents is crucial to human resource development (HRD) survey research. Yet a review of the HRD, human resource management, and best‐selling business and management research methods texts in the United States, and United Kingdom reveals that, even where the process of gaining access is discussed and its cruciality stressed, inside accounts and insights regarding the daunting and problematic nature and its impact on data collected are rarely emphasized. More specialist methods literature, although outlining some potential issues, again offers few insights into the actual realities likely to be faced in the real world. Consideration of recent articles in HRD journals highlights also that, despite the widespread use of surveys, often via the Internet, such issues of physical access are rarely mentioned, reporting at best merely summarizing from whom and how data were obtained. We speak to this problem by offering two inside accounts of multiorganization research studies utilizing a survey strategy and Internet questionnaire, where gaining access to people across a large number of organizations threw up many challenges. These accounts offer clear insights into the issues and implications for rigor associated with gaining access when undertaking Internet surveys using both purchased lists (databases) and volunteer panels. In particular, they highlight the importance of recognizing that gaining access is often problematic, and provide a context for our recommendations for research practice, thereby assisting the mitigation of potential problems

Volunteer Engagement in Housing Co-Operatives – Civil Society “en miniature”

Housing co‐operatives host miniature versions of civil society. They vitalise a social system that is shaped by formal regulations, economic functions, and a population of private housing units. The study examines factors that influence a person’s willingness to volunteer in civic society using a multilevel analysis based on survey data from 32 co‐operatives and 1263 members. To do so, the social exchange theory is extended to include the member value approach, which connects social engagement with the fulfillment of a range of needs, thus going beyond a narrow economic cost benefit analysis. Study results show that volunteer engagement largely depends on the degree to which members can expect to experience their own achievement. This finding provides an explanation for significant differences in the engagement levels beyond factors that have already been determined (age, level of education). On an organizational level, the study reveals that the age of an organization influences volunteer engagement, but that the size and the degree of professionalization do not have an effect on it

Biology of Hepatitus B Virus

(This information was taken from the Distinguished Scientist Lecture Series Program 1984-1985). Dr. Blumberg, a Nobel laureate, is Eastman Visiting Professor at Balliol College, Oxford University, and Associate Director for Clinical Research and Senior Member of The Institute for Cancer Research in Philadelphia. Born in New York City, Dr. Blumberg earned the M.D. degree at Columbia University in 1951 and the Ph.D. degree at Oxford University in 1957. Dr. Blumberg was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology in 1976 for his discovery concerning new mechanisms for the origin and dissemination of infectious diseases. Dr. Blumberg has been University Professor of Medicine and Anthropology at the University of Pennsylvania since 1977. He is staff member at Jeanes Hospital and American Oncologic Hospital in Philadelphia, and is attending physician at Veterans Administration Hospital, Pennsylvania Hospital, and the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. He has been a visiting fellow at Trinity College, Oxford, a fellow of the Arthritis and Rheumatism Foundation, and a fellow of the Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons. He was chief of the Geographic Medicine and Genetics Section, and attending physician at the Clinical Center of the National Institutes of Health from 1957 to 1964. In addition to the Nobel Prize, Dr. Blumberg has received many awards including the Pennsylvania Medical Society Distinguished Service Award in 1982, the Richard and Hinda Rosenthal Foundation A ward of the American College of Physicians in 1977, the Gairdner Foundation International Annual Award and the Modern Medicine Distinguished Achievement Award in 1975. He has received a number of honorary degrees and holds membership in numerous professional organizations and medical societies. His Work Dr. Blumberg was awarded the Nobel Prize for his discovery of the Australia antigen, an antigenic substance in the blood. His discovery of the Australia antigen ultimately became a major breakthrough in hepatitis research. Dr. Blumberg\u27s work leading to this discovery began as a consequence of his interest in inherited polymorphisms of blood. His Lecture: October 13, 1984: Biology of Hepatitis B Virushttps://digitalcommons.bard.edu/dsls_1984_1985/1002/thumbnail.jp

Astronomical exploration and the public imagination

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