Dust trap for light scattering study

Title: Dust trap for light scattering study Author: Petr Bartoň Department: Department of Surface and Plasma Science Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Jiří Pavlů, Ph.D., Department of Surface and Plasma Science Abstract: Light scattering on small grains is common interaction occurring wi- dely in space environments, including Moon surface, dusty nebulas or even the upper atmosphere of the Earth. For experimental measurements of light scatte- ring intensity profiles, we designed and constructed a unique experiment. Using so called acoustic trapping, we are able to capture a single dust grain (or small water droplet) in midair, to irradiate it with the laser beam, and to observe scattered light directly with the photodiode mounted on a precise goniometer. In the thesis, we present not only construction details, but also the first results, which help us to evaluate abilities of the experiment, and provide useful recommendations for further development of all dust-related experiments. Keywords: light scattering, acoustic trap, dust grain, scattering measurement 1Název práce: Past pro studium rozptylu světla na prachových zrnech Autor: Petr Bartoň Katedra: Katedra fyziky povrchů a plazmatu Vedoucí diplomové práce: doc. RNDr. Jiří Pavlů, Ph.D., Katedra fyziky povrchů a plazmatu Abstrakt: Rozptyl světla na malých prachových zrnkách je běžný jev, vyskytující se v růz- ných vesmírných prostředích, mezi které patří nejen povrch Měsíce a prachové ml- hoviny, ale i horní vrstvy atmosféry Země. Pro experimentální měření intenzitních radiálních profilů rozptylu světla jsme navrhli a sestavili unikátní experiment. Po- užitím takzvané akustické pasti jsme schopni zachytit jednotlivé prachové zrnko ve volném prostoru, osvítit ho laserem a přímo pozorovat rozptýlené světlo pomocí fotodiody připevněné na goniometru. V práci představujeme nejen technické de- taily konstrukce, ale hlavně první výsledky, které nám pomohly ověřit možnosti experimentu. Práce přináší také doporučení pro další vývoj všech experimentů pracujících s prachovými zrny. Klíčová slova: rozptyl světla, akustická past, prachové zrno, měření rozptylu 1Katedra fyziky povrchů a plazmatuDepartment of Surface and Plasma ScienceMatematicko-fyzikální fakultaFaculty of Mathematics and Physic

Elands under intensive husbandry: fattening and meat quality in comparison to cattle

Presented at the 9th international wildlife ranching symposium: wildlife - the key to prosperity for rural communities, held on 12-16 September 2016 at Hotel Safari & the Safari Court, Windhoek, Namibia in conjuction with the IUCN 2nd African Buffalo Symposium.Domestication attempts to breed elands as cattle have been documented since the first half of last century. Based on mild temperament and similarities to cattle, elands were recommended for intensive husbandry. Our aim was to investigate fattening performance, physical, chemical and sensory characteristics of elands (Taurotragus oryx) bulls and Fleckvieh (Bos taurus, a Simmental type dual-purpose breed) bulls. Both species were finished at comparable slaughter weight under controlled conditions of feeding (mixed diets based on maize, Lucerne silages and cereal straw) and management in the Czech Republic. Elands were slaughtered at a live weight of 414.2 kg (s.d. 47.5 kg) and age at slaughter 1112 days (s.d. 138 days) and cattle at average live weight of 573.0 kg (s.d. 17.0 kg) and an average slaughter age 458 days (s.d. 39 days). Musculus longissimus lumborum from eland was darker and less yellow in colour, with a higher pH and lower contents of intramuscular fat and total collagen, compared to cattle. Contents (mg/100 g muscle tissue) and proportions (g/100 g of FA determined) of SFA and MUFA were higher in cattle. Although the proportion of total PUFA was higher in eland, contents of PUFA were similar between species. Grilled beef steaks (until an internal temperature of 70°C was reached) were consistently scored higher for sensory texture characteristics, juiciness, flavour, and overall acceptance. We concluded that bulls of eland provided low-fat meat with a beneficial fatty acid composition from a human nutrition perspective, but with lower sensory scores, compared to bull beef. It can be influenced also by higher slaughter age of elands or by relatively high final internal temperature after grilling. Therefore, eland production potential under intensive husbandry can be reasonable recently only when customers will accept higher price of eland meat or in longer perspective will be possible to improve fattening performance by improvement of diet and selection of breeding stock for higher weight gain

Long-term monitoring of fish in a freshwater reservoir: Different ways of weighting complex spatial samples

Anthropogenic activities continue to pose the greatest challenges to freshwater ecosystems. Therefore, long-term monitoring is essential for the management and conservation of these resources. Monitoring programs for freshwater bodies often use a range of indicators, including biological elements such as fish. Existing European standard provides a depth-stratified gillnet sampling approach mainly in benthic habitats and at the deepest part of lakes to account for the uneven distribution of fish. However, the commonly used CEN (European Committee for Standardization) protocol does not weight sufficiently habitat volumes and underrepresent pelagic habitats to calculate whole-lake catch and biomass per unit effort (CPUE and BPUE, respectively). Extended European standard gillnet (4 larger mesh-sizes added in the geometric series) catch data collected over 18 years (2004–2021) in Římov Reservoir (Czech Republic) were used for a method comparison on indices for relative abundance and biomass of fish: CEN protocol without volume-weighting and two volume-weighted approaches. We also evaluated changes in species composition and trends in these fish population over time. Results indicated interannual changes in species composition, relative abundance, and biomass of fish community. The CEN protocol tended to put greater emphasis on benthic habitats which generally have larger CPUE and BPUE. Consequently, the two volume-weighting approaches produced lower estimates of the two parameters, with the exception of the most dominant pelagic bleak Alburnus alburnus (L.). All approaches consistently showed an increasing trend in whole-reservoir fish abundance and a decreasing trend in biomass over the study period. Following our assessment, we put forward the volume-weighting approach that considers the Volume of the depth Stratum (VOST) for weighting as the most realistic approximation of fish populations and therefore recommend its use

Security of obligations

Práce se zabývá jednotlivými instituty zajištění závazků podle občanského zákoníku, obchodního zákoníku a dalších právních předpisů soukromého práva ČR. V poslední kapitole je pojednáno o praktických aspektech poskytnutí bankovní záruky a otevření dokumentárního akreditivu u ČS, a.s., a ČSOB, a.s.Ústav veřejné správy a právaDokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobo

Energetická bilance volně hořícího oblouku - kondukce a konvekce a záření tepla z plazmy

Prezenční410 - Katedra elektroenergetikyNeuveden

Vnitropodnikový chozrasčot se zaměřením na brigádní formu organizace práce a odměňování v podmínkách výrobních středisek n. p. Autopal Nový Jičín

PrezenčníNeuvedenoNeuveden

Comparison of CAD programs

My thesis focuses in the first section on product lifecycle management (PLM), CA procedures and explanation of definitions used. In the second part the history is men-tioned and the third describes basic sorting of CAD systems. The most voluminous fourth chapter is dedicted to description of particular systems with their pros and cons and user environment. In the fifth part there are set the conditions of posibility of appli-cation based on interviews with constructers. The CAD programms are usually not che-ap anf for this reason they must meet the criteria of daily use optimally

Identity, Community and Symbolic Interactionism in the Digital Age

The thesis presents a compilation about social relations and identity formation via digital technology and new media, internet in the first place. The author, with the regard to contemporary processes as globalization and rapid digital technology development, mainly relates to two topics, following the view of complexity, mutual implications, cohesion and conditionality of individual identity, interpersonal relationships and social relations, from the perspective of symbolic interaction theory. The first topic is concerning theories about "virtual" and "disembodied" individual "self", which the author endeavours to disconfirm, using Hansen's concept of a body as a specific image. The second topic describes the forms of interpersonal relationships and social relations - author maintains that the "traditional" views of the latter don't perish, but transform and redefine themselves. Similarly, their embedded "qualities" subsequently don't disapear nor devalue

Dust trap for light scattering study

Title: Dust trap for light scattering study Author: Petr Bartoň Department: Department of Surface and Plasma Science Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Jiří Pavlů, Ph.D., Department of Surface and Plasma Science Abstract: Light scattering on small grains is common interaction occurring wi- dely in space environments, including Moon surface, dusty nebulas or even the upper atmosphere of the Earth. For experimental measurements of light scatte- ring intensity profiles, we designed and constructed a unique experiment. Using so called acoustic trapping, we are able to capture a single dust grain (or small water droplet) in midair, to irradiate it with the laser beam, and to observe scattered light directly with the photodiode mounted on a precise goniometer. In the thesis, we present not only construction details, but also the first results, which help us to evaluate abilities of the experiment, and provide useful recommendations for further development of all dust-related experiments. Keywords: light scattering, acoustic trap, dust grain, scattering measurement

Thermal analysis of synchronous machine

Diplomová práce se zabývá analýzou oteplení a chlazení synchronního stroje. Oteplení je způsobeno ztrátami stroje vznikajících pří přeměně elektrické energie na energii mechanickou. Na stroji pak může být dosaženo vysokých hodnot teploty, které mohou vést až ke zničení stroje. Pro teplotní analýzu je použita transientní teplotní analýza pracující na základě metody konečných prvků programu Ansys Workbench. Vhodným nástrojem sloužícím pro výpočet proudění může být použití modulu CFX v programu Ansys Workbench. V praktické části byl změřen model pro nezatížený alternátor s proudem pouze v budicím vinutí a po té byly naměřené hodnoty porovnány s výsledky tranzientní teplotní analýzy. Rychlost a průběh proudění strojem bylo zanalyzováno modulem CFX.The master’s thesis deals with analysis of warming and cooling of synchronous machine. The warming is caused by the machine’s losses resulting from the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy. There then can be achieved high values of temperature on the machine, which can lead to destruction of the machine. The transient thermal analysis, working on the finite element program Ansys Workbench, is used for thermal analysis. As an appropriate instrument, which serves for flow calculation, a module CFX in the program Ansys Workbench may be used. In the practical part the model for unhampered alternator with current in the field winding only was measured and after that, the measured values were compared with the results of transient thermal analysis. Speed and progress of air flow through machine were analyzed with CFX module.