21 research outputs found
Brain serotonin synthesis capacity in obsessive-compulsive disorder: effects of cognitive behavioral therapy and sertraline.
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are both effective treatments for some patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), yet little is known about the neurochemical changes related to these treatment modalities. Here, we used positron emission tomography and the α-[11C]methyl-L-tryptophan tracer to examine the changes in brain regional serotonin synthesis capacity in OCD patients following treatment with CBT or SSRI treatment. Sixteen medication-free OCD patients were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of either CBT or sertraline treatment. Pre-to-post treatment changes in the α-[11C]methyl-L-tryptophan brain trapping constant, K* (ml/g/min), were assessed as a function of symptom response, and correlations with symptom improvement were examined. Responders/partial responders to treatment did not show significant changes in relative regional tracer uptake; rather, in responders/partial responders, 12 weeks of treatment led to serotonin synthesis capacity increases that were brain-wide. Irrespective of treatment modality, baseline serotonin synthesis capacity in the raphe nuclei correlated positively with clinical improvement. These observations suggest that, for some patients, successful remediation of OCD symptoms might be associated with greater serotonergic tone
Semi-supervised Multi-modal Emotion Recognition with Cross-Modal Distribution Matching
Automatic emotion recognition is an active research topic with wide range of
applications. Due to the high manual annotation cost and inevitable label
ambiguity, the development of emotion recognition dataset is limited in both
scale and quality. Therefore, one of the key challenges is how to build
effective models with limited data resource. Previous works have explored
different approaches to tackle this challenge including data enhancement,
transfer learning, and semi-supervised learning etc. However, the weakness of
these existing approaches includes such as training instability, large
performance loss during transfer, or marginal improvement.
In this work, we propose a novel semi-supervised multi-modal emotion
recognition model based on cross-modality distribution matching, which
leverages abundant unlabeled data to enhance the model training under the
assumption that the inner emotional status is consistent at the utterance level
across modalities.
We conduct extensive experiments to evaluate the proposed model on two
benchmark datasets, IEMOCAP and MELD. The experiment results prove that the
proposed semi-supervised learning model can effectively utilize unlabeled data
and combine multi-modalities to boost the emotion recognition performance,
which outperforms other state-of-the-art approaches under the same condition.
The proposed model also achieves competitive capacity compared with existing
approaches which take advantage of additional auxiliary information such as
speaker and interaction context.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, to be published on ACM Multimedia 202
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Brain serotonin synthesis capacity in obsessive-compulsive disorder: effects of cognitive behavioral therapy and sertraline.
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are both effective treatments for some patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), yet little is known about the neurochemical changes related to these treatment modalities. Here, we used positron emission tomography and the α-[11C]methyl-L-tryptophan tracer to examine the changes in brain regional serotonin synthesis capacity in OCD patients following treatment with CBT or SSRI treatment. Sixteen medication-free OCD patients were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of either CBT or sertraline treatment. Pre-to-post treatment changes in the α-[11C]methyl-L-tryptophan brain trapping constant, K* (ml/g/min), were assessed as a function of symptom response, and correlations with symptom improvement were examined. Responders/partial responders to treatment did not show significant changes in relative regional tracer uptake; rather, in responders/partial responders, 12 weeks of treatment led to serotonin synthesis capacity increases that were brain-wide. Irrespective of treatment modality, baseline serotonin synthesis capacity in the raphe nuclei correlated positively with clinical improvement. These observations suggest that, for some patients, successful remediation of OCD symptoms might be associated with greater serotonergic tone