An Electroanalytical Solution for the Determination of Pb2+ in Progressive Hair Dyes Using the Cork–Graphite Sensor

open7Lead is one of the most toxic metals for living organisms: once absorbed by soft tissues, it is capable of triggering various pathologies, subsequently bioaccumulating in the bones. In consideration of this, its detection and quantification in products for human consumption and use is of great interest, especially if the procedure can be carried out in an easy, reproducible and economical way. This work presents the results of the electroanalytical determination of lead in three different commercial products used as progressive hair dyes. Analyses were performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse stripping voltammetry (DPSV) using a composite cork–graphite sensor in 0.5M H2SO4 solution or 0.1M acetate buffer (pH 4.5), in the presence and absence of hair dye samples. The H2SO4 solution gave better results in terms of analyte sensitivity than the acetate buffer electrolyte. In both cases, well-defined signals for lead were obtained by DPSV analyses, enabling the calibration curve and figures of merit to be determined. The limits of detection (LOD) were found to be approximately 1.06 µM and 1.26 µM in H2SO4 and acetate buffer, respectively. The DPSV standard addition method was successfully applied to quantify the lead in hair dye samples, yielding values below 0.45% in Pb. All three analyzed samples were shown to comply with the limit set by the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency, i.e., 0.6% lead in this type of product. The comparison of the electroanalytical results with those obtained by the reference method, based on the use of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES), confirmed that the electroanalytical detection approach is potentially applicable as a strategy for quality control.openBarros, Thalita Medeiros; Medeiros de Araújo, Danyelle Medeiros de; Lemos de Melo, Alana Tamires Lemos de; Martínez-Huitle, Carlos Alberto; Vocciante, Marco; Ferro, Sergio; Vieira dos Santos, Elisama Vieira dosBarros, Thalita Medeiros; Medeiros de Araújo, Danyelle Medeiros de; Lemos de Melo, Alana Tamires Lemos de; Martínez-Huitle, Carlos Alberto; Vocciante, Marco; Ferro, Sergio; Vieira dos Santos, Elisama Vieira do

Potencial erosivo de sucos à base de soja: análise de ph e titulação ácida / Erosive potential of soybean juices: ph analysis and acid titering

Introdução: Atualmente tem crescido o consumo de alimentos líquidos à base de soja, justificado pela busca de uma alimentação saudável. No entanto tornam-se necessárias pesquisas que analisem seus riscos em relação à saúde bucal.  Objetivo: Avaliar, através da análise de pH e da titulação ácida, o potencial erosivo de sucos à base de soja. Material e métodos: Foram pipetadas amostras de 10 ml de cada suco, previamente selecionados de acordo com a popularidade: Ades®, ades® Zero, Sollys®, Sollys® Zero, Mais Vita®, Mais Vita® Zero, Soy®, Soyos®, nos sabores uva e macã. Leituras de pH foram realizadas utilizando um eletrodo de pH acoplado a um potenciômetro. Para a titulação ácida foi utilizada uma solução de NaOH a 0,5 M através de uma bureta graduada. Todos os procedimentos foram realizados em duplicata. Resultados: Os sucos de soja analisados apresentaram valores de pH considerados potencialmente erosivos (pH médio=4,07±0,09), com variação de 3,95 (Ades® Zero Macã) à 4,22 (Sollys® Zero Macã). A marca comercial que necessitou de um volume maior de NaOH para a sua neutralização foi a Mais Vita®, independente do sabor, da condição de ser “zero” ou não e apresentar reguladores de acidez na sua composição (volume médio = 2,13mL±0,11; ANOVA; Tukey, p0,01). Não foi observada correlação entre os valores de pH e os volumes necessários para a titulação de cada suco (Pearson, r= ­ 0,01; p=0,94). Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem, a partir dos parâmetros pré-determinados, que os sucos de soja analisados possuem potencial erosivo

The prevalence of risk for hearing impairment in newborns with congenital syphilis in a newborn hearing screening program (NHS)

ObjectiveTo study the prevalence of risk for hearing impairment in neonates with congenital syphilis in a newborn hearing screening program.Study designThe study design is retrospective, documentary, and is cross-sectional. The sample consisted of newborns who were born between January 2019 and December 2021 and who underwent neonatal hearing screening in a public maternity hospital. Demographic data and the presence and specification of risk indicators for hearing impairment (RIHL) were collected. In retest cases, the results and the final score were also collected. For data analysis, the Kruskal–Wallis and Conover-Iman post-hoc tests were used, comparing the groups that passed and failed the hearing screening that had RIHL, using a significance level of p of <0.5.ResultsAmong the RIHL observed in the sample, prematurity was more frequent in newborns who passed the screening (55.26%) than in those who failed the test (45.67%). Congenital syphilis was the ninth most frequent RIHL (8.04%) among the newborns who passed the test and the 15th factor (3.03%), with the highest occurrence in those who failed the hearing screening. When comparing the two groups (pass and fail), we found significant differences (p < 0.05) between them.ConclusionCongenital syphilis was the ninth risk indicator for the most common hearing impairment and, in isolation, did not present a risk for failure in neonatal hearing screening. Notably, congenital syphilis can cause late hearing loss during child development. Thus, there is an indication of audiological monitoring of these neonates

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

An Electroanalytical Solution for the Determination of Pb2+ in Progressive Hair Dyes Using the Cork–Graphite Sensor

Lead is one of the most toxic metals for living organisms: once absorbed by soft tissues, it is capable of triggering various pathologies, subsequently bioaccumulating in the bones. In consideration of this, its detection and quantification in products for human consumption and use is of great interest, especially if the procedure can be carried out in an easy, reproducible and economical way. This work presents the results of the electroanalytical determination of lead in three different commercial products used as progressive hair dyes. Analyses were performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse stripping voltammetry (DPSV) using a composite cork–graphite sensor in 0.5M H2SO4 solution or 0.1M acetate buffer (pH 4.5), in the presence and absence of hair dye samples. The H2SO4 solution gave better results in terms of analyte sensitivity than the acetate buffer electrolyte. In both cases, well-defined signals for lead were obtained by DPSV analyses, enabling the calibration curve and figures of merit to be determined. The limits of detection (LOD) were found to be approximately 1.06 µM and 1.26 µM in H2SO4 and acetate buffer, respectively. The DPSV standard addition method was successfully applied to quantify the lead in hair dye samples, yielding values below 0.45% in Pb. All three analyzed samples were shown to comply with the limit set by the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency, i.e., 0.6% lead in this type of product. The comparison of the electroanalytical results with those obtained by the reference method, based on the use of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES), confirmed that the electroanalytical detection approach is potentially applicable as a strategy for quality control

Consumo de bebidas alcoólicas na adiposidade corporal em estudantes universitários

Alcoholic beverages in body adiposity in college studentsThe central location of body fat is influenced by several variables, including the intake of alcoholic beverages. We intend to investigate the consumption of alcoholic beverages in adiposity in college students. A cross-sectional design in student to a private college. Applied Troubleshooting Testing the Use of Alcohol (AUDIT) and anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis. Of the 84 college students, 52.4% of alcoholics (AUDIT ≥ 8), 69.1% were eutrophic by BMI, 77.4% did not had cardiovascular risk by CC. The increase in the AUDIT was reverse the extracellular mass percentage, lean mass percentage and body water. The AUDIT was positively correlated with fat mass in kilograms and as a percentage. There were no statistical differences between weight, BMI, WC and body composition between alcohol drinking (AUDIT ≥ 8) and non-alcoholic (AUDIT <8). Was directly proportional to the increase AUDIT in relation to BMI and extracellular mass. Body fat was slightly higher among alcoholics. More studies are needed to relate fat and alcohol consumption marked by the AUDIT.A localização central da gordura corporal é influenciada por diversas variáveis, entre elas, a ingestão de bebidas alcoólicas. Investigar o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas na adiposidade corporal em universitárias. Desenho transversal analítico em universitárias de uma faculdade particular. Aplicou-se Teste de Identificação de Problemas pelo Uso do Álcool (AUDIT) e antropometria (peso, estatura, IMC e CC) e bioimpedância elétrica. Das 84 universitárias, 52,4 % eram etilistas (AUDIT ≥ 8), 69,1% eram eutróficas pelo IMC, 77,4 % não apresentaram risco cardiovascular pela CC. O aumento do AUDIT foi inverso a massa extracelular em porcentagem, massa magra em porcentagem e água corporal. O AUDIT foi correlacionado positivamente a massa gorda em quilos e em porcentagem. Não houve diferenças estatísticas entre peso, IMC, CC e composição corporal entre etilista (AUDIT ≥ 8) e não etilistas (AUDIT < 8). Ocorreu aumento diretamente proporcional ao AUDIT com relação ao IMC e massa extracelular. A adiposidade foi ligeiramente maior entre etilistas. Mais estudos são necessários para relacionar adiposidade e o consumo do álcool marcado pelo AUDIT

Consumo de bebidas alcoólicas na adiposidade corporal em estudantes universitários

A localização central da gordura corporal é influenciada por diversas variáveis, entre elas, a ingestão de bebidas alcoólicas. Investigar o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas na adiposidade corporal em universitárias. Desenho transversal analítico em universitárias de uma faculdade particular. Aplicou-se Teste de Identificação de Problemas pelo Uso do Álcool (AUDIT) e antropometria (peso, estatura, IMC e CC) e bioimpedância elétrica. Das 84 universitárias, 52,4 % eram etilistas (AUDIT ≥ 8), 69,1% eram eutróficas pelo IMC, 77,4 % não apresentaram risco cardiovascular pela CC. O aumento do AUDIT foi inverso a massa extracelular em porcentagem, massa magra em porcentagem e água corporal. O AUDIT foi correlacionado positivamente a massa gorda em quilos e em porcentagem. Não houve diferenças estatísticas entre peso, IMC, CC e composição corporal entre etilista (AUDIT ≥ 8) e não etilistas (AUDIT &lt; 8). Ocorreu aumento diretamente proporcional ao AUDIT com relação ao IMC e massa extracelular. A adiposidade foi ligeiramente maior entre etilistas. Mais estudos são necessários para relacionar adiposidade e o consumo do álcool marcado pelo AUDIT. ABSTRACT Alcoholic beverages in body adiposity in college studentsThe central location of body fat is influenced by several variables, including the intake of alcoholic beverages. We intend to investigate the consumption of alcoholic beverages in adiposity in college students. A cross-sectional design in student to a private college. Applied Troubleshooting Testing the Use of Alcohol (AUDIT) and anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis. Of the 84 college students, 52.4% of alcoholics (AUDIT ≥ 8), 69.1% were eutrophic by BMI, 77.4% did not had cardiovascular risk by CC. The increase in the AUDIT was reverse the extracellular mass percentage, lean mass percentage and body water. The AUDIT was positively correlated with fat mass in kilograms and as a percentage. There were no statistical differences between weight, BMI, WC and body composition between alcohol drinking (AUDIT ≥ 8) and non-alcoholic (AUDIT &lt;8). Was directly proportional to the increase AUDIT in relation to BMI and extracellular mass. Body fat was slightly higher among alcoholics. More studies are needed to relate fat and alcohol consumption marked by the AUDIT

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.13Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt