Galicia, ou a filla espúrea: orixes ilexítimas na novela moderna

The present article uses Suso de Toro’s Sete palabras as a starting point for analyzing the protagonism of illegitimate children in the Galician novel since the Rexurdimen- to. Considered in a historical context and as a literary trope, the illegitimate child can be read as an expression of anxiety around a national identity rested upon a notion of purity, be it linguistic, ethnic or territorial. These unclear origins, rather than preclude the possibility of identity formation and history —individual or collective— can serve as a source for alternative histories and identities.Este artigo emprega a novela Sete palabras de Suso de Toro como punto de partida para analizar o protagonismo dos nenos ilexítimos na novela galega dende o Rexurdimento. Examinado no seu contexto histórico e como un tropo literario, o fillo ilexítimo pode entenderse como expresión de ansiedades sobre a identidade nacional baseada nun concepto de pureza lingüística, étnica ou territorial. Estas orixes ilexítimas, en lugar de descartar a posibilidade de xerar unha identidade e unha historia —xa sexan individuais ou colectivas—, teñen o potencial de axudarnos a concibir historias e identidades alternativas

Repensar els estudis catalans des de la teoria queer

Catalan Studies are basically focused on national/linguistic identity, but recent debate on Catalan identity triggered by the current pro-independent process in Catalonia, may help reshape this academic field. A more diverse approach to Catalan culture should consider sexuality, which has traditionally been banished from literary analysis as a ‘private’ matter. Here, we discussed how queer theory can reframe Catalan Studies mainly by building a specific LGBT literary tradition, identifying queer episodes and characters in the canon, questioning received meanings, promoting interdisciplinary analysis of Catalan culture and exploring the role of queer subjectivity in history

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Galicia, or the Spurious Child: Illegitimate Origins in the Modern Novel

The present article uses Suso de Toro’s Sete palabras as a starting point for analyzing the protagonism of illegitimate children in the Galician novel since the Rexurdimen- to. Considered in a historical context and as a literary trope, the illegitimate child can be read as an expression of anxiety around a national identity rested upon a notion of purity, be it linguistic, ethnic or territorial. These unclear origins, rather than preclude the possibility of identity formation and history —individual or collective— can serve as a source for alternative histories and identities

Galicia, or the Spurious Child: Illegitimate Origins in the Modern Novel

The present article uses Suso de Toro’s Sete palabras as a starting point for analyzing the protagonism of illegitimate children in the Galician novel since the Rexurdimen- to. Considered in a historical context and as a literary trope, the illegitimate child can be read as an expression of anxiety around a national identity rested upon a notion of purity, be it linguistic, ethnic or territorial. These unclear origins, rather than preclude the possibility of identity formation and history —individual or collective— can serve as a source for alternative histories and identities.</div

Lonxe da árbore familiar: Queerizar xenealoxías e arquivos literarios en Outono aquí de Mario Regueira

This article offers an analysis of the ways in which Mario Regueira’s novel, Outono aquí, and its characters challenge the silence imposed upon non-hegemonic national and sexual identities and narratives. Outono aquí establishes—through a series of intertextual references—a literary genealogy that exceeds the limits of sexuality, language, and nation, to offer a queer Galician literary aesthetic that, far from marginal, can only be understood in a transnational and transhistoric context.Este artigo presenta unha análise de Outono aquí de Mario Regueira, en particular, das formas nas que a novela e os seus personaxes resisten as forzas que silencian as narrativas e identidades nacionais e sexuais non hexemónicas. Outono aquí establece —por unha serie de referencias intertextuais— una xenealoxía literaria que supera os lindes da sexualidade, da lingua e da nación, e que ofrece unha estética literaria galega queer que, lonxe de ser marxinal, só pode entenderse nun contexto transnacional e transhistórico

Development and validation of a multi-locus DNA metabarcoding method to identify endangered species in complex samples

DNA metabarcoding provides great potential for species identification in complex samples such as food supplements and traditional medicines. Such a method would aid Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) enforcement officers to combat wildlife crime by preventing illegal trade of endangered plant and animal species. The objective of this research was to develop a multi-locus DNA metabarcoding method for forensic wildlife species identification and to evaluate the applicability and reproducibility of this approach across different laboratories. A DNA metabarcoding method was developed that makes use of 12 DNA barcode markers that have demonstrated universal applicability across a wide range of plant and animal taxa and that facilitate the identification of species in samples containing degraded DNA. The DNA metabarcoding method was developed based on Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing of well-defined experimental mixtures, for which a bioinformatics pipeline with user-friendly web-interface was developed. The performance of the DNA metabarcoding method was assessed in an international validation trial by 16 laboratories, in which the method was found to be highly reproducible and sensitive enough to identify species present in a mixture at 1% dry weight content. The advanced multi-locus DNA metabarcoding method assessed in this study provides reliable and detailed data on the composition of complex food products, including information on the presence of CITES-listed species. The method can provide improved resolution for species identification, while verifying species with multiple DNA barcodes contributes to an enhanced quality assurance