Reduction of the Negative Impact on the Environment By Optimizing the Combustion Process in Diesel Engines

The article considers the problem of the negative impact of the exhaust gases of diesel internal combustion engines on the environment and human health. The types of organization of the ignition process and the process of fuel combustion in a diesel engine are considered. The reasons for the occurrence of increased particulate matter in internal combustion engines in exhaust gases are also described. The main factors affecting the delay of ignition are given. The main stages of soot formation in diesel internal combustion engines are described. The influence of temperature distribution in the jets of injected fuel and the dependence of emissions on the coefficient of excess air are considered. As a result, the main conclusions are given on ensuring the reduction of solid particles in the exhaust gases of diesel engines by optimizing the combustion process

The cyclin D1 carboxyl regulatory domain controls the division and differentiation of hematopoietic cells

International audienceAbstractBackgroundThe family of D cyclins has a fundamental role in cell cycle progression, but its members (D1, D2, D3) are believed to have redundant functions. However, there is some evidence that contradicts the notion of mutual redundancy and therefore this concept is still a matter of debate.ResultsOur data show that the cyclin D1 is indispensable for normal hematopoiesis. Indeed, in the absence of D1, either in genetic deficient mice, or after acute ablation by RNA interference, cyclins D2 and D3 are also not expressed preventing hematopoietic cell division and differentiation at its earliest stage. This role does not depend on the cyclin box, but on the carboxyl regulatory domain of D1 coded by exons 4–5, since hematopoietic differentiation is also blocked by the conditional ablation of this region.ConclusionThese results demonstrate that not all functions of individual D cyclins are redundant and highlight a master role of cyclin D1 in hematopoiesis

Reduction of the Negative Impact on the Environment by Optimizing the Combustion Process in Diesel Engines

The article considers the problem of the negative impact of the exhaust gases of diesel internal combustion engines on the environment and human health. The types of organization of the ignition process and the process of fuel combustion in a diesel engine are considered. The reasons for the occurrence of increased particulate matter in internal combustion engines in exhaust gases are also described. The main factors affecting the delay of ignition are given. The main stages of soot formation in diesel internal combustion engines are described. The influence of temperature distribution in the jets of injected fuel and the dependence of emissions on the coefficient of excess air are considered. As a result, the main conclusions are given on ensuring the reduction of solid particles in the exhaust gases of diesel engines by optimizing the combustion process

Investigation of the influence of the geometrical dimensions of the striker on the efficiency of energy transfer of shock pulses during wave strain hardening

The article presents data on the influence of the geometric parameters of a flat-faced rod shock system on the efficiency of a shock pulse energy transfer to the deformation zone during wave strain hardening. As a result of the simulation, it was found that an increase in the ratio of the striker length to its diameter from 0.1 to 10 allows transferring 15.6 times more shock pulse energy to the deformation area. Changing the ratio of the lengths of the striker and the waveguide from 0.1 to 10 increases the share of the transmitted shock pulse energy by 2.8 times

Algorithms for characteristics recognition of man-induced incidents based on safe city HSC

Under the conditions created by the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions, the top priority is to ensure the well-being of citizens as the main state development indicator. The volume of construction of industrial facilities is increasing under these conditions in Russia. State authorities and local governments take measures to protect the population from natural and man-induces emergencies, as well as to reduce the risk of their occurrence within the Russian Federation. In Russia, the concept of building and developing Safe City Hardware and Software Complex (HSC) is being implemented, which allows to monitor the condition of buildings, structures, to ensure the operation of message receiving and processing systems, emergency call systems, as well as other municipal services of various activities; monitoring, forecasting, notification and management systems of all types of risks and threats peculiar to a municipal corporation [7]. The authors have developed various algorithms to automate the processes. Algorithm for characteristics recognition of man-induced incidents aimed to improve the accuracy of emergency identification when incomplete source information regarding the current situation is received, as well as the structure of an information decision-making support system while managing forces and means of emergency response based on SAFE CITY HSC

Simulation of multi-contact wave strain hardening

The article raises the problem of reducing pressure in the deformation zone during hardening of plastic materials by shock pulses. It is proposed to use the method of wave strain hardening and its multi-contact loading scheme as its solution. To accelerate the study of the influence of WSH technological parameters on the process of plastic material hardening, its finite element modeling is used. From the obtained patterns, the most significant technological parameters of the multi-contact WSH process were established and the ranges of their values providing effective hardening of plastic materials are given

Identification de protéines impliquées dans les interactions bactéries-hôte par une approche in silico (application à lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus et d'autres lactobacilles apparentés)

Les interactions bactéries-hôte constituent un domaine de recherche en pleine expansion. Pendant longtemps, les efforts se sont portés sur les interactions bactéries pathogènes-hôte mais depuis peu, il y a un intérêt grandissant pour le rôle bénéfique joué par les bactéries non-pathogènes dans le tractus digestif. Des études de plus en plus nombreuses décrivent le rôle des bactéries commensales sur la balance énergétique de l hôte, les réponses immunitaires et l homéostasie intestinale selon des mécanismes non encore élucidés. Les objectifs de ces travaux de thèse étaient de mieux comprendre ces interactions bactéries commensales avec l hôte en se basant sur des analyses in silico des donnée issues de programmes de séquençage. Nous avons démontré comment ce type d analyse pouvait s appliquer à la détermination des mécanismes moléculaires impliqués dans les interactions microbiote-hôte. Les principaux résultats de ces travaux peuvent être classés en trois parties. La première concerne le développement et la validation de SurfG+, un nouvel outil d analyse de séquences de protéines pour prédire les protéines potentiellement exposées à la surface de bactéries à Gram positif. La deuxième partie de résultats décrit l application de l outil SurfG+ aux protéomes de lactobacilles dont les génomes sont séquencés. Nous avons ainsi mis en évidence des différences significatives au niveau de leurs protéines de surface notamment en terme de nombre de protéines sécrétées et ancrées à la paroi. Enfin, dans la troisième partie, nous avons montré comment ces outils d analyse in silico peuvent être exploités dans l analyse fonctionnelle des protéines. Dans cette partie, nous étudions les effets immuno-modulateurs potentiels de protéines de surface de Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus ATCC 11842.Bacteria-host cell interactions is an area of growing interest. While pathogenic bacteria and their interaction with the human host traditionally received much attention, there is a growing interest for the beneficial role that non-pathogenic bacteria play at these interfaces and in the GI tract in particular. Growing number of studies indicate that intestinal bacteria influence host energy balance, immune responses and contribute to gut homeostasis, however the mechanisms underlying this dialogue still remains largely unexplored. The work presented in this thesis aims to review the present knowledge on bacteria-host interactions in the GI tract, and to demonstrate the importance of in silico analyses that are widely used in the modern era of genome sequencing to broaden our knowledge. It also shows how this information can be applied for functional studies aiming to decipher molecular mechanisms involved in bacteria-host interactions. The main results presented in this thesis can be divided into three parts. The first part deals with the development and validation of a new protein sequence analysis method to predict potentially surface exposed (PSE) proteins from Gram-positive bacteria. The second part describes the application of the newly developed prediction method to the proteomes of sequenced lactobacilli revealing important differences in their predicted surface protein content. Finally, in the third part we demonstrated how the application of the in silico tools may be applied for functional protein studies. In this part, we focus on the potential immune modulation effects of surface exposed proteins from Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus ATCC 11842.ORSAY-PARIS 11-BU Sciences (914712101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Genomics of the Genus Lactobacillus

Part 1 chap 1absen