An explanation of the underdevelopment of China’s service sector from the perspective of demand

The share of the service sector in China is significantly lower than that in most countries at the same level of income. Figures reveal that an insufficiency in both consumer and producer demand may be one of the reasons. We find that the demand insufficiency mainly stems from high consumer preferences for saving and China’s export-oriented trade structure. These excessive saving tendencies limit consumer demand for service products and thus hamper the development of consumer services in China. The rapid development of the processing trade also impedes the interrelation between the domestic manufacturing and service industries, reduces the effective demand for local producer services from the manufacturing industry, and ultimately restricts the growth of the producer service industry in China

Physical and land-cover variables influence ant functional groups and species diversity along elevational gradients

Of particular importance in shaping species assemblages is the spatial heterogeneity of the environment. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of spatial heterogeneity and environmental complexity on the distribution of ant functional groups and species diversity along altitudinal gradients in a temperate ecosystem (Pyrenees Mountains). During three summers, we sampled 20 sites distributed across two Pyrenean valleys ranging in altitude from 1,009 to 2,339 m by using pitfall traps and hand collection. The environment around each sampling points was characterized by using both physical and land-cover variables. We then used a self-organizing map algorithm (SOM, neural network) to detect and characterize the relationship between the spatial distribution of ant functional groups, species diversity, and the variables measured. The use of SOM allowed us to reduce the apparent complexity of the environment to five clusters that highlighted two main gradients: an altitudinal gradient and a gradient of environmental closure. The composition of ant functional groups and species diversity changed along both of these gradients and was differently affected by environmental variables. The SOM also allowed us to validate the contours of most ant functional groups by highlighting the response of these groups to the environmental and land-cover variables

« Restructuration et services aux entreprises »

Bonamy Joël, Barcet André. « Restructuration et services aux entreprises ». In: Revue d'économie industrielle, vol. 31, 1er trimestre 1985. Les restructurations de l'industrie française. pp. 246-251

Multisited Versus Compact Producer Service Firms: Insights from the French Case

International audienc

Répartition géographique des patronymes et structure génétique d’une vallée de l’Ariège (Haut-Vicdessos) au début du XX° siècle

National audienceTransmis d’une façon analogue aux chromosomes Y,les patronymes permettent d’évaluer la structure génétique des populations humaines, et en particulier celle des lignées masculines. L'objectif de l'étude développée dans le cadre de l'Observatoire Homme Milieu Pyrénées Haut Vicdessos est de saisir la dynamique de(s) la population(s) de la Vallée dans le temps et dans l'espace. Nous nous proposons ici de contextualiser la diversité des populations de la vallée du Vicdessos et les systèmes d’échanges à une échelle régionale pour une période charnière du point de vue socio‐économique, à savoir la transition entre la fin du XIX°s et le début du XX°s

Patronymes et structure de deux populations Pyrénéennes: Vallées de l’Oueil et de Larboust (XIX°-début XX°)

National audienc

Etude des patronymes rencontrés dans deux vallées des Pyrénées françaises au XIX°siècle

International audienc