Incentive policy optimization of scientific and technological talents and low-carbon economy analysis from the perspective of public health

In the face of multiple challenges in stabilizing economic growth, improving people's living quality, and limiting the total amount of CO2 emissions, firstly, this study analyzes the incentive and optimization policies of scientific and technological (S&T) talents from four aspects: incentive, cultivation, flow, and evaluation. Moreover, practical suggestions are put forward. Secondly, an optimization model of China's low-carbon economy (LCE) is implemented. The Matlab software can be adopted to solve the economic output of each department in the expected year and obtain the overall economic indicators for 2017 and 2022. Finally, the output influence and CO2 emission influence of each industry are analyzed. The research results are as follows. (1) From the viewpoint of public health (PH), the countermeasures and suggestions of the S&T talents policy mainly include four parts: building a complete S&T talents policy system, expanding the coverage group of the policy, strictly implementing the policy of evaluating S&T talents, and improving the guarantee mechanism of relevant talents introduction policy. (2) In 2017, the primary industry, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, accounted for 5.33%; the secondary industry, the energy sector accounted for 72.04%, and the tertiary industry (service industry) accounted for 22.63%. In 2022, the primary, secondary, and tertiary industry accounted for 6.09%, 68.44%, and 25.47%. (3) From the perspective of the industrial influence coefficient, the coefficient of all sectors is stable during 2017–2022. From the standpoint of CO2 emission, China's total CO2 emission shows rapidly increasing trend during the same period. This study has vital practical significance and theoretical value for realizing the sustainable development (SH) and transformation of the LCE

Decreased expression of long non-coding RNA WT1-AS promotes cell proliferation and invasion in gastric cancer

AbstractTumor recurrence and metastasis remain the major obstacles for the successful treatment of patients diagnosed with gastric cancer. In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been considered as key regulators of tumor behavior. In this study, we investigated the expression and biological role of a newly-identified cancer-related lncRNA, WT1-AS. We found that WT1-AS expression was significantly down-regulated in tumor tissues compared to matched adjacent non-tumor tissues. The WT1-AS expression level was also associated with tumor size and the clinicopathological stage. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were inhibited, and the proportion of G0/G1 cells increased when WT1-AS was ectopically-expressed in gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, ectopic expression of WT1-AS was demonstrated to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Finally, we found that WT1-AS overexpression could decrease ERK protein phosphorylation. Our study indicates that WT1-AS is significantly down-regulated in gastric cancers and may be correlated with tumor progression

High Efficiency Hypocrellin Production by a Novel Mutant Isolated from Shiraia bambusicola

The fungus Shiraia bambusicola GZ19M1 is biotechnologically important due to its ability to biosynthesis the pigment hypocrellins. Results showed that ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) was effective mutagenic agent for strain and potentially produced large numbers of random mutations broadly and uniformly over the whole genome to generate unique strains. Wild-type cultures of S. bambusicola GZ19 were subjected to EMS (80 mM) induction targeted at approximately 20% spores’ survival. When surviving spores were selected in sufficient numbers and cultured on PDA medium for 7 d at 26℃, five novel mutagenized S. bambusicola strains were obtained. A mutant GZ19M1 that exhibited an activity of more than two times over the wild strain was obtained. Also, batch experiments were carried out to achieve the suitable conditions for hypocrellin. Glucose and rice extract were the most favorable carbon and nitrogen sources for hypocrellin production by submerged culture of S. bambusicola GZ19M1, and initial glucose and rice extract concentrations were at 35 and 250 g/L, respectively. The optimal surfactant were found to be 0.008 V/V Tween 80, it was added into cultivation medium at 24 h. Hypocrellin concentration reached 498.89 mg/L under optimal nutritional conditions, an increment of about 8.70 times of hypocrellins production was observed compared with that of in non-optimized medium by the wild strain

RESEARCH ON IMPROVEMENT IN THE CULTIVATING OF HIGH-TECH TALENTS

How to cultivate talents with both theory and practice to actively contribute to the future development and revival of the country? This is a fundamental and important task that should be held as a strategic task not only in countries with advanced science and technology but also in those with backward science and technology. Therefore, this paper studies the strategies and methods of cultivating high-tech talents in developed countries and discusses some problems that are helpful to cultivating every country\u27s high-tech talents. First of all, it is necessary to strengthen the role of teachers and students whose are the main bodies of the cultivating of high-tech talents in universities, continuously improve the content and methods of education while carrying out information technology-based teaching methods, and improve the social institutional measures that can make contributions to the cultivating of talents

POTENTIAL BENEFITS AND RISKS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY ON ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH

Nanotechnology is the manipulation of matter with one or more external dimensions of less than 100 nanometers and offers many new solutions to the social, economic and technological challenges of today. However, the use of unethical and uncontrolled nanotechnology has caused an ongoing debate in the scientific community. The increasing use of nanotechnology has led to the generation of waste containing synthetic nanomaterials and its release into the environment is predicted to grow dramatically in future. This paper describes potential benefits and risks of nanotechnology on environment and human health and attempts to find safe and reliable methods for developing nanotechnology

The roles and molecular mechanisms of long non-coding RNA WT1-AS in the maintenance and development of gastric cancer stem cells

It has been proposed that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for almost all malignant phenotypes of tumors. Long non-coding RNA WT1 antisense RNA (WT1-AS) has been found to be implicated in lung cancer cell stemness. However, the roles and molecular mechanisms of WT1-AS in the development of gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs) remain unknown. Our present study showed that WT1-AS negatively regulated WT1 expression in GCSCs. WT1-AS knockdown or Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT1) overexpression improved GCSC proliferative and migratory capacities, inhibited GCSC apoptosis, potentiated the resistance of GCSCs to 5-FU, promoted GCSC EMT, induced HUVEC angiogenesis, enhanced GCSC stemness, and facilitated in-vitro 3D GCSC aggregate formation. WT1-AS overexpression exerted reverse effects. WT1-AS ameliorated the malignant phenotypes of GCSCs by down-regulating WT1 in vitro. WT1-AS inhibited tumor growth and metastasis, and reduced tumor stemness in GCSCs-derived (s.c., i.p., and i.v.) xenografts in vivo. Moreover, XBP1 was identified as an upstream regulator of WT1-AS in GCSCs. Also, 4 potential WT1-AS downstream targets (i.e. PSPH, GSTO2, FYN, and PHGDH) in GCSCs were identified. Additionally, CACNA2D1 was demonstrated to be a downstream target of the WT1-AS/WT axis. XBP1 or CACNA2D1 knockdown exerted an adverse effect on the maintenance of stem cell-like behaviors and characteristics of GCSCs. In conclusion, WT1-AS weakened the stem cell-like behaviors and characteristics of GCSCs in vitro and in vivo by down-regulating WT1. Investigations into the molecular mechanisms underlying the complex phenotypes of GCSCs might contribute to the better management of gastric cancer

Diversity and antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Securinega suffruticosa in the Yellow River Delta.

Securinega suffruticosa (Pall.) Rehd is an excellent natural secondary shrub in the Shell Islands of Yellow River Delta. The roots of S. suffruticosa have high medicinal value and are used to treat diseases, such as neurasthenia and infant malnutrition. Any organism that is isolated from this species is of immense interest due to its potential novel bioactive compounds. In this research, the distribution and diversity of culturable endophytic fungi in S. suffruticosa were studied, and the endophytic fungi with antimicrobial activity were screened. A total of 420 endophytic fungi isolates were obtained from the S. suffruticosa grown in Shell Islands, from which 20 genera and 35 species were identified through morphological and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analyses. Chaetomium, Fusarium, Cladosporium, and Ceratobasidium were the dominant genera. The high species richness S (42), Margalef index D' (5.6289), Shannon-Wiener index H' (3.1000), Simpson diversity index Ds (0.9459), PIE index (0.8670), and evenness Pielou index J (0.8719) and a low dominant index λ (0.0541) indicated the high diversity of endophytic fungi in S. suffruticosa, the various species of endophytic fungi with obvious tissue specificity. The inhibition percentages of the 12 species of such endophytic fungi against Colletotrichum siamense were 3.6%-26.3%. C. globosum, Fusarium sp.3, and C. ramotenellum had a high antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were between 0.5 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL. Alkaloid content detection indicated that endophytic fungi had a high alkaloid content, whereas the alkaloid contents of C. globosum and Fusarium sp.3 reached 0.231% and 0.170%, respectively. Members belonging to the endophytic fungal community in the S. suffruticosa of Shell Islands that may be used as antagonists and antibacterial agents for future biotechnology applications were identified for the first time

Characterization of miRNA profiles in the mammary tissue of dairy cattle in response to heat stress

Abstract Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs that play important roles in the regulation of gene expression. However, the role of miRNAs in bovine mammary gland responses to heat stress is not well understood. Results In the present study, we performed a deep RNA sequencing analysis to identify miRNAs associated with the heat stress potential of the bovine mammary gland. We identified 27 miRNAs that were differentially expressed significantly between the mammary tissue of Holstein cattle heat stress and normal conditions. Twenty miRNAs had higher expression in the mammary tissue of heat-stressed Holstein cattle. The seven highest differentially expressed candidate miRNAs (bta-miR-21-5p, bta-miR-99a-5p, bta-miR-146b, bta-miR-145, bta-miR-2285 t, bta-miR-133a, and bta-miR-29c) identified by deep RNA sequencing were additionally evaluated by stem-loop qPCR. Enrichment analyses for targeted genes revealed that the major differences between miRNAs expression in the mammary gland of heat-stressed versus control were associated with the regulation of Wnt, TGF-β, MAPK, Notch, and JAK-STAT. Conclusions These data indicated that the differentially expressed miRNAs identified in this study may act as dominant regulators during heat stress. We might reduce heat stress damage of Holstein cows by up-regulating or down-regulating these differentially expressed miRNAs

Granzymes A and B in pulmonary sarcoidosis (experimental study)

Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease of unknown aetiology, morphologically characterized by well-formed epithelioid granulomas, which show little or no central necrosis. These may be present in any organ or tissue. The lung is the most frequently and prominently involved target. The granuloma is often very sharply demarcated from the adjacent tissue and is surrounded by a mantle of lymphocytes, which mediate lysis of target cells by various mechanisms, including exocytosis of lytic proteins, perforins and granzymes. Sarcoidosis laboratorial diagnosis is usually made by SACE and Lisozyme dosages. The granzymes A and B could be two other markers of the disease, since the sarcoidosis granuloma is rich in cytotoxic and NK cells. An ELISA Kit was used to measure Granzyme A and B in serum of a normal control group (NC) (n=30), and in two groups with lung pathology: one without sarcoidosis, disease control (DC) (n=21) and other with sarcoidosis (S) (n=11). Our results showed that SACE activity is significantly augmented in S group comparing with NC and DC, respectively: 82,6+/-32,7/31,9+/-17,8 - p=0,00017 and 82,6+/-32,7/31,9+/-17,8 - p=0,00024. Lisozyme activity is significantly augmented in S and DC groups comparing with NC. Granzyme B showed a significant decrease in DC and S groups comparing with NC. Granzyme A showed a significant decrease between S/NC groups. Our results suggest that the decrease of Granzyme A and B in sarcoidotic patients could be related to an ineffective inflammatory local response related to the formation of sarcoidosis granulomas. More studies are needed, particularly in BAL