PROPOSAL OF ACTIVITIES FOR TEACHING VOCABULARY CONSIDERING THE MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES THEORY

El presente trabajo es una propuesta de materiales para enseñar inglés a través de la teoría de las inteligencias múltiples. Desde mi punto de vista los alumnos necesitan diferentes tipos de materiales para aprender inglés de una manera más exitosa. Además es importante mencionar que generalmente todas las personas aprenden de diferentes maneras, por estas circunstancias los profesores deben identificar las necesidades de los alumnos así como su inteligencia más desarrollada para poder enseñarles de una manera más efectiva. Hoy en día, el inglés es una lengua franca reconocida mundialmente; por consecuencia, tanto el aprendizaje como la enseñanza del inglés se han convertido en actividades importantes; como ejemplo tenemos los recursos culturales de la literatura, programas de televisión, películas, y/o la ciencia y este idioma está incluso por encima del japonés y del chino; sin dejar a un lado, el conocer personas de diferentes países, entre otros

Comparison between ChatGPT solutions to Atenea quizzes vs official solutions: a Python-powered evaluation

This project explores the use of the artificial intelligence (AI) in education. More specifically, the AI that has been used is ChatGPT. The study compares official solutions to Electronics quizzes in the context of Industrial Engineering (GETI), with the output of ChatGPT. For this comparative analysis, a Python program is developed to automate the comparison process and is intended for universal use. The present status of ChatGPT is explored and presented in the project with an aim to look deeper into its strengths, weaknesses, and future opportunities. The findings not only indicate the potential role of AI in education but also highlight its potential to transform the way we teach, making education reach a higher standard. This project emphasizes the rapid evolution of AI and gives a glimpse into what is to come

Developing reflective practice in distance teacher education programs

Among the many challenges that teacher education programs face is fostering reflective practice in the future teachers. The difficulty is increased in distance education programs where face-to-face contact between students and teachers is missing. This paper presents the results of an analysis of the perceptions of reflective teaching, tools for reflection, and self-evaluation of reflective practices from in-service teachers enrolled in the distance BA and MA in English language teaching at the Autonomous University of the State of Mexico. Although subjects were able to describe reflective practice and its importance, they recognized that these practices are usually limited to activities undertaken as students, and once the course requirements have been completed, they were no longer practiced

Factors that Control the Direction of Excited-State Electron Transfer at Dye-Sensitized Oxide Interfaces

Molecular excited states at conductive and semiconductive interfaces were found to transfer an electron to the oxide (injection) or accept an electron from the oxide (hole transfer). The direction of this electron transfer was determined by the energetic overlap of the metal oxide and sensitizer redox-active states and their electronic coupling. Potentiostatically controlled mesoporous thin films based on a nanocrystalline conductive metal oxide [tin-doped indium oxide (ITO)] and semiconducting metal oxides (TiO2 and SnO2) were utilized with the sensitizers (S) [Ru­(bpy)2(P)]­Br2 and [Ru­(bpz)2(P)]­Br2, where bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine, bpz is 2,2'-bipyrazine, and P is 2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-diphosphonic acid. For dye-sensitized TiO2, excited-state injection [TiO2|S* → TiO2(e-)|S+] was exclusively observed, and the injection yield decreased at negative applied potentials. In contrast, evidence for both injection [ITO|S* → ITO­(e-)|S+] and hole transfer ([ITO|S* → ITO­(h+)|S-] is reported for ITO and SnO2. Hole transfer became more efficient with negative applied potentials. The direction of electron flow between the metal oxide and excited state sensitizer was correlated with the energetic overlap and the electronic coupling as predicted by Marcus-Gerischer theory. The data reveal that control of the Fermi level enables conductive oxides to function as a photocathode or as a photoanode for solar energy conversion applications

INTERFACIAL ELECTRON TRANSFER FOR SOLAR ENERGY CONVERSION: KINETIC AND MECHANISTIC INSIGHTS

The ubiquity of sunlight makes solar energy a promising alternative to carbon fuels, but wide-spread applications will require solar energy storage. To this end, solar energy and earth-abundant chemical feedstocks might be converted to liquid fuels in devices termed dye-sensitized photoelectrosynthesis cells (DSPECs). This Dissertation seeks to build fundamental understandings of interfacial electron transfer (IET) reactions between molecular sensitizers and metal oxide (MOx) nanocrystals important to DSPEC optimization. Chapter 1 outlines the chemical processes involved in DSPEC operation and the semi-classical theories which describe IET. Chapters 2 develops a novel method to sensitize MOx materials through diazonium electrografting. Diazonium-substituting Ru-bis-terpyridine sensitizers were successfully anchored to MOx surfaces through alkaline-stable, covalent bonds. Though diazonium-electrografted photoelectrodes produced small photocurrents relative to traditional anchoring groups in acidic conditions, they achieved sustained photocurrents at pH 12. In Chapter 3, the IET mechanisms of dye-sensitized MOx core|shell materials generated through atomic layer deposition are discussed. Structural and kinetic analysis of Ru-polypyridyl-sensitized ZrO2|TiO2 and SnO2|TiO2 materials demonstrated that the rate and mechanism of IET could be controlled by the shell thickness and morphology. Chapters 4-7 explore IET reactions in dye-sensitized transparent conducting oxides (TCOs), which exhibit metallic behavior. In Chapter 4, a TCO displayed both anodic and cathodic capabilities, as the direction of photo-initiated IET with Ru-polypyridyl or Ru-bipyrazine sensitizers was controlled by applied potentials and sensitizer excited state localization. In Chapters 5-7, Marcus-Gerischer kinetic analysis allowed quantification of IET reorganization energies (). This showed that for a Ru water oxidation catalyst, proton-coupled IET exhibited a 0.4 eV larger than did electron transfer alone (Chapter 5). Marcus-Gerischer analysis also showed to increase systematically with IET distance for Ru-polypyridal and tri-aryl amine complexes located at defined positions within the TCO electric double layer (EDL) by layered ionic bridges (Chapter 6). In fact, within the outer-Helmholtz plane, IET was nearly activationless ( ≈ 0.1 eV). This was attributed to electric fields in the EDL which drastically decreased the dielectric response of the polar solvents. Further, insensitivity to solvent dynamics between water, acetonitrile, methanol, and benzonitrile indicated IET was non-adiabatic, even at the smallest distances (Chapter 7).Doctor of Philosoph

Solvent influence on non-adiabatic interfacial electron transfer at conductive oxide electrolyte interfaces

The kinetics for interfacial electron transfer (ET) from a transparent conductive oxide (tin-doped indium oxide, ITO, Sn:In2O3) to molecular acceptors 4-[N,N-di(p-tolyl)amino]benzylphosphonic acid, TPA, and [RuII(bpy)2(4,4'-(PO3H2)2-bpy)]2+, RuP, positioned at variable distances within and beyond the electric double layer (EDL), were quantified in benzonitrile and methanol by nanosecond absorption spectroscopy as a function of the thermodynamic driving force, -ΔG°. Relevant ET parameters such as the rate constant, ket, reorganization energy, λ, and electronic coupling, Hab, were extracted from the kinetic data. Overall, ket increased as the distance between the molecular acceptor and the conductor decreased. For redox active molecules within the Helmholtz planes of the EDL, ket was nearly independent of -ΔG°, consistent with a negligibly small λ value. Rips-Jortner analysis revealed a non-adiabatic electron transfer mechanism consistent with Hab < 1 cm-1. The data indicate that the barrier for electron transfer is greatly diminished at the conductor-electrolyte interface