Design a High Secure Adaptive VETERBI Encoder and Decoder Architectures

Mainly, Viterbi algorithm [V.A] is utilized in various applications such as cellular relay, satellite communication, and networks of wireless local area. This algorithm is mainly applied to the decoding conventional codes and also to automatic speech recognition and storage devices. In architecture of Viterbi algorithm, we are utilizing scheme of error detection which is based on the low complexity and low latency. The main benefit of this proposed system is that it gives reliable requirements and as well as performance degradation. We utilize three variants in the system which is recomputed with the encoded operands. Thus, this system is modified when we detect the both permanent faults [P.F] and transient faults which are mixed with signature based methods. Here, we are utilizing architecture of instrumented decoder for the motive of extensive error detection assessments. For the motive of bench mark we are improving the both application specific integrated circuit and field programmed gate array. Depend upon the reliability objectives and performance degradation tolerance, the proposed system is utilized

Effect degree of temperature subcooling in the performance of refrigeration with CFC, HFC and hydrocarbons refrigerant

Global warming is the result of the use of Chloro Fluoro Carbon (CFC) and Hydro Flouro Carbon (HFC) refrigerants. CFC and HFC refrigerants are not environmentally friendly in air conditioning systems. Researchers conducting the research to find an alternative refrigerant with hydrocarbon and the use of liquid suction heat exchanger (LSHX) subcooling in the vapor compression refrigeration system. One kind of LSHX is heat exchanger between tube to tube. Retrofit refrigerant is used to find a replacement refrigerant for R22, R134a, R404A with R600, and mixture refrigerant R290/R600a in the ratio 50:50. From the analysis are conclude that the increases of degree of subcooling temperature significantly affects to the effectiveness of LSHX, increase the refrigeration capacity and also refrigeration capacity index, increase the compressor of work, compressor work of index, COP and COP index. The parameters of the indicators that mixture the refrigerant R290/R600a in the ratio of 50:50 can be used as a substitution for R404A and R22, while the R600 refrigerant can be used as a substitution for R134a in the vapor compression refrigeration system with LSHX

Diagnostic accuracy of an integrated approach using conventional ultrasonography, and Doppler and strain elastography in the evaluation of superficial soft tissue lesions

Introduction: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of an integrated approach using conventional ultrasonography, colour Doppler ultrasonography, and elastography strain ratios in tandem in the evaluation of superficial soft tissue lesions. Material and methods: Sixty-five subjects were included in this prospective cross-sectional study. Greyscale features and Doppler parameters were recorded. Strain elastography of the non-vascular and non-cystic lesions was performed and strain ratios were calculated. Fine-needle aspiration or biopsy of all the lesions was performed depending on their site and condition. Inter-rater k agreement was used to determine the strength of agreement between imaging-based diagnosis and histopathological diagnosis. A diagnostic test was used to calculate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. A p value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Multiple superficial soft tissue lesions were studied, the majority of which were lipomas, vascular anomalies, and epidermoid cysts. The diagnostic accuracy was very high and varied from 92.31% to 100% for various masses. The imaging-based diagnosis was in agreement with the histopathological diagnosis in 86.15% (n = 56) and disagreement in 13.85% (n = 9) of the cases (p < 0.007). There was very good inter-rater agreement between the imaging-based diagnosis and histopathological diagnosis (κ = 0.818). Conclusions: The combined use of conventional ultrasonography, colour Doppler, and elastography strain ratios provides a very effective non-invasive tool for the diagnosis of superficial soft tissue lesions and may negate the need for unnecessary biopsies. The advantage of this integrated approach using various ultrasound techniques needs no further emphasis

Experimental and Finite Element Studies of Stretch Forming Process for ASS 316L at Elevated Temperature

Austenitic stainless steel 316 L grade is a material having extraordinary mechanical properties, low cost and easily available. This is the reason it was used in various industrial and nuclear applications. In the present work, ASS 316L nakazima specimens are stretched under hot forming conditions (750°C, 825°C and 900°C) at a constant strain rate (0.1s-1) along with three different orientations. These six types of nakazima specimens were used to know the formability behaviour of the material with the help of forming limit diagrams (FLD) obtained by the stretch forming process. A smaller change in Punch load and an increase in displacement were observed, which indicates the formability improvement of ASS 316L sheet metal with the increase in temperature. In addition, ABAQUS 6.13 computer code was applied for the prediction of formability from 750°C to 900°C.To improve the accuracy of the simulation, a number of integration points were accrued within the thickness direction, limiting dome height (LDH).The ductile fracture was observed from SEM images for all the temperatures. A close agreement was found between experimental and simulated results

Geospatial and age-related patterns of Taenia solium taeniasis in the rural health zone of Kimpese, Democratic Republic of Congo

Background: Taenia solium infections are mostly endemic in less developed countries where poor hygiene conditions and free-range pig management favor their transmission. Knowledge on patterns of infections in both human and pig is crucial to design effective control strategies. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, risk factors and spatial distribution of taeniasis in a rural area of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), in the prospect of upcoming control activities. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 24 villages of the health zone of Kimpese, Bas Congo Province. Individual and household characteristics, including geographical coordinates were recorded. Stool samples were collected from willing participants and analyzed using the copro-antigen enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (copro-Ag ELISA) for the detection of taeniasis. Blood samples were collected from pigs and analyzed using the B158/660 monoclonal antibody-based antigen ELISA (sero-Ag ELISA) to detect porcine cysticercosis. Logistic regression and multilevel analysis were applied to identify risk factors. Global clustering and spatial correlation of taeniasis and porcine cysticercosis were assessed using K functions. Local clusters of both infections were identified using the Kulldorff s scan statistic. Results: A total of 4751 participants above 5 years of age (median: 23 years; IQR: 11-41) were included. The overall proportion of taeniasis positivity was 23.4% (95% CI: 22.2-24.6), ranging from 1 to 60% between villages, with a significant between-household variance of 2.43 (SE = 0.29, p < 0.05). Taeniasis was significantly associated with age (p < 0.05) and the highest positivity was found in the 5-10 years age group (27.0% (95% CI: 24.4-29.7)). Overall, 45.6% (95% CI: 40.2-51) of sampled pigs were sero-positive. The K functions revealed a significant overall clustering of human and pig infections but no spatial dependence between them. Two significant clusters of taeniasis (p<0.001; n = 276 and n = 9) and one cluster of porcine cysticercosis (p<0.001; n = 24) were found. Conclusion: This study confirms high endemicity and geographical dispersal of taeniasis in the study area. The role of age in taeniasis patterns and significant spatial clusters of both taeniasis and porcine cysticercosis were evidenced, though no spatial correlation was found between human and pig infections. Urgent control activities are needed for this endemic area

L'Histoire Constitutionnelle italienne et la Cour constitutionnelle

Master [120] en droit, Université catholique de Louvain, 201

Suturing the City. Living Together in Congo's Urban Worlds

Focusing upon the ‘urban now’, a moment suspended between lingering precolonial references, the broken dreams of a colonial past, and the not yet realised promises of neoliberal futures, this book provides an ethnographic and photographic investigation of the complex meanings of living — and living together — in Congo’s urban worlds today. The authors, anthropologist Filip De Boeck and photographer Sammy Baloji, take the reader on a tour of specific urban sites in Kinshasa and beyond. In their detailed analysis these sites emerge as suturing points in which the possibilities of collective urban action and dreams of a shared future continue to be explored.edition: 1nrpages: 328status: publishe

Urbanscales and the Rhythms of Life in the Congolese City

Presentation of a collaborative approach between an anthropologist (F. De Boeck) and a photographer (Sammy Baloji). By both artistic exploration and a more academic approach a reflection was offered on the condition of life in urban Central Africa. Part of a panel on the city, religion and postcolonialism, the presentation was followed by a discussion afterwards, which was moderated by Jennifer Robinson (UCL-London).status: publishe

Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of some phenols by potassium nitrodisulphonate (Fremy’s radical) in aqueous acetate-methanol medium

124-127Oxidation of phenols by potassium nitrosodisulphonate (PNOS) in aqueous acetate-methanol medium pH 8 shows first order dependence each on [PNDS] and [phenol]. Under the experimental conditions PNDS has been found to be quite stable. However, the little self-decomposition of PNDS found on standing for longer periods has been prevented by the addition of sulphamate ion. Increase in ionic strength of the medium has been found to increase the rate f oxidation. Increase in polarity of the solvent also has increased the reaction rate and the plot of log (rate) versus I/D has been found to be linear with a negative slope. Rate of oxi dation increases with increase in pH, reaching a maximum at a pH equal to ~ the pKa of phenol. On the basis of kinetic results, a mechanism in which a direct reaction between phenoxide ion and PNDS leading to the electron transfer from phenoxide ion has been proposed. The electron-donating substituent in the para-position of the phenyl ring is found to accelerate the rate of electron transfer reaction supporting the above mechanism

Positing the Polis: Topography as a Way to De-centre Urban Thinking

Urban living constantly attempts to ‘suture’ the city, finding ways to stitch gains and losses, or pasts and futures together in the moment of the ‘urban now’. De Boeck’s reflection on the complexities of the postcolonial urban world in the Central African locale is shaped around the visual archive that he built up over the past years with photographer Sammy Baloji. This article addresses the possibilities of such a combination of ethnography and photography to de-centre and reframe urban theory and build an alternative urban archive to explore in novel ways what this ‘suturing’, this living and living together, might mean in Central Africa’s urban worlds todaystatus: publishe