Modeling of remote sensing image content using attributed relational graphs

Automatic content modeling and retrieval in remote sensing image databases are important and challenging problems. Statistical pattern recognition and computer vision algorithms concentrate on feature-based analysis and representations in pixel or region levels whereas syntactic and structural techniques focus on modeling symbolic representations for interpreting scenes. We describe a hybrid hierarchical approach for image content modeling and retrieval. First, scenes are decomposed into regions using pixel-based classifiers and an iterative split-and-merge algorithm. Next, spatial relationships of regions are computed using boundary, distance and orientation information based on different region representations. Finally, scenes are modeled using attributed relational graphs that combine region class information and spatial arrangements. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in query scenarios that cannot be expressed by traditional approaches but where the proposed models can capture both feature and spatial characteristics of scenes and can retrieve similar areas according to their high-level semantic content. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006

Intoxicação por monofluoroacetato em animais

O monofluoroacetato (MF) ou ácido monofluoroacético é utilizado na Austrália e Nova Zelândia no controle populacional de mamíferos nativos ou exóticos. O uso desse composto é proibido no Brasil, devido ao risco de intoxicação de seres humanos e de animais, uma vez que a substância permanece estável por décadas. No Brasil casos recentes de intoxicação criminosa ou acidental têm sido registrados. MF foi identificado em diversas plantas tóxicas, cuja ingestão determina "morte súbita"; de bovinos na África do Sul, Austrália e no Brasil. O modo de ação dessa substância baseia-se na formação do fluorocitrato, seu metabólito ativo, que bloqueia competitivamente a aconitase e o ciclo de Krebs, o que reduz produção de ATP. As espécies animais têm sido classificadas nas quatro Categorias em função do efeito provocado por MF: (I) no coração, (II) no sistema nervoso central (III) sobre o coração e sistema nervoso central ou (IV) com sintomatologia atípica. Neste trabalho, apresenta-se uma revisão crítica atualizada sobre essa substância. O diagnóstico da intoxicação por MF é realizado pelo histórico de ingestão do tóxico, pelos achados clínicos e confirmado por exame toxicológico. Uma forma peculiar de degeneração hidrópico-vacuolar das células epiteliais dos túbulos uriníferos contorcidos distais tem sido considerada como característica dessa intoxicação em algumas espécies. O tratamento da intoxicação por MF é um desafio, pois ainda não se conhece um agente capaz de reverte-la de maneira eficaz; o desfecho geralmente é fata

Perspectives on a researcher-practitioner partnership: Our role as practitioner researchers studying youth learning through participation in NHM-led citizen science

The Learning and Environmental Science Agency Research Network for Citizen Science (LEARN CitSci) brings together practitioners and researchers from The University of California, Davis; California Academy of Sciences; Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County; The Natural History Museum, London; The Open University; and The University of Oxford. Through close collaboration between education researchers and natural history museums (NHMs), we aim to answer key questions about youth participation and learning in citizen science. The Project Coordination Officers (PCOs) play a key role, with one PCO based at each of the three NHMs. Each PCO works as a “practitioner researcher”, collecting field-based educational research data and facilitating collaboration between the museums and the university researchers. Here we provide an overview of the LEARN CitSci study design and analytical framework, highlighting the unique perspective of the PCOs. The LEARN CitSci team is studying the learning outcomes of youth participating in three citizen science settings: 1) long-term monitoring projects, 2) short-term BioBlitz events, and 3) online projects. Our project asks: What types of participation activities do young people engage in; How do they learn through their participation in citizen science? And, How can programme settings in NHM-led citizen science be designed to foster environmental science learning outcomes? Using the Environmental Science Agency (ESA) framework [1] adapted from Basu and Calabrese Barton’s [2] concept of Critical Science Agency, we are investigating young people’s “ability to use experiences in environmental science to make positive changes in one’s life, landscape and community.” The development of ESA can be observed as: - Deepening understanding of environmental science content and practice. - Identifying an area of one’s own expertise in environmental science. - Using experiences in community and citizen science as a foundation for change. We use qualitative research methods, including youth observations, ethnographic field notes, interviews, and surveys, to characterize the settings and participation activities in each programme. We aim to capture learning processes and to identify how program features in NHM-led citizen science projects foster or hinder the development of ESA. The voices and experiences of youth participants in citizen science programs are central to this research. The NHMs are collaborating with Community-Based Organizations which support underrepresented groups of youth, in an effort to address equity and social justice in community and citizen science. This poster discussed the challenges and triumphs of the PCO role, such as : Observing youth impartially while embedded in programming Working with our theoretical framework as novice researchers Developing a shared understanding of constructs like learning and agency across diverse contexts Developing new program design features based on research findings Cultivating communication and mutually beneficial collaborations with Community-Based Organization

Enhancing youth learning through Community and Citizen Science: a guide for practitioners

This guide was designed to support practitioners running Community and Citizen Science programmes and similar informal science learning activities. It shares the finding and recommendations of the LEARN CitSci research study, which explored the learning processes and outcomes for young people aged 5–19 years who participated in Community and Citizen Science projects. This guide can be freely distributed in its original form for non-commercial purposes. All content is the copyright of the authors except where specifically stated otherwise, and no images or sections of text can be extracted and used elsewhere without first obtaining permission. This material is based upon work supported under a collaboration between the National Science Foundation (NSF), Wellcome, and the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) via a grant from NSF (NSF DRL# 1647276) and a grant from Wellcome with ESRC (Wellcome grant no. 206202/Z/17/Z). Disclaimer: Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of NSF, Wellcome, or ESRC