The debate on Islamist party formation: a comparative analysis of al-Būtī and al-Qaradāwī = Perdebatan tentang pembentukan parti Islam: analisa perbandingan antara al-Buti Dan al-Qardhawi

The paper examines the debate over the legal position of Islamist party formation through comparing views of two preeminent Muslim thinkers: M.S.R al-Būtī (antagonist) and Yūsuf al-Qaradāwī (protagonist). Using a text-by-text scheme, the paper tests the validity of the cited textual evidences on the basis of the primary sources of Sharī'a and the experience of today's Islamists: the Muslim Brotherhood (parent organization), Hizb al-Tahrīr, and the Justice and Development Party (AKP). Finally, the paper contends that Islamist parties are a system, accredited by Islamic principles, and a reality imposed by changing circumstances of Muslim nations in history, culture, and politics. ****************************************************************************************** Kertas ini membincangkan kedudukan pembentukan parti-parti Islam dengan membandingkan pandangan dua cendiakawan Muslim terkemuka iaitu: M.S.R al-Būtī(antagonis) dan Yūsuf al-Qaradāwī(protagonis). Dengan menggunakan skema ayat dengan ayat, kertas ini mengkaji kesahihan bukti teks yang dirujuk berdasarkan Sharī'a dan pengalaman para Islamis pada hari ini seperti Ikhwanul Muslimin (organisasi in-duk), Hizb al-Tahrīr, dan Parti Keadilan dan Pembangunan (AKP). Akhirnya, kertas ini menyimpulkan bahawa parti-parti Islam adalah satu sistem, yang berlandaskan prinsip-prinsip Islam, dan juga satu kenyataan yang dikenakan oleh perubahan keadaan negara-negara Islam dalam sejarah, budaya, dan politi

The role of media in the Arab revolutions: the case of Syria / Bachar Bakour

Whether in the time of war or peace, media, considered the ‘Fourth Authority’, must struggle to present the truth to the public, making no concession to any kind of authority, whether legislative, executive or judicial. This study, which adopts descriptive-analytical method, gives a brief account of the 2011 Arab popular revolts with reference to the media's significant role in war/conflict. Then, it investigates the manipulative role played by the official and semi-official visual media during the first six months of the Syrian Revolution. As a tool in the hand of the regime, these media outlets worked on propagating the regime’s adopted narrative. This narrative depicts the non-violent protestors as terrorist gangs, and conspirators supported by foreign imperial powers. The media’s manipulative role in the presentation of events and dissemination of information falls under the following categories: misrepresenting reports; the blame game; defaming the opponent; manipulating religious discourse and polishing the image of the regime. Examples are furnished for each category. Finally, the study calls for the core values of ethical media from the Islamic perspective, providing a blueprint for those who aspire to engage in the public information sphere and to ensure reliability and credibility in their profession

The Prophet Jesus

Jesus, the Messiah (‘Îsa in Arabic), a Spirit and Word from Allah. He was the son of Virgin Mary, daughter of Joachim (Imran), the last Prophet sent to the Children of Israel. The lineage of Jesus is the same as his mother's, since he was born miraculously without a father (i.e. of virgin birth). Paradoxically, the New Testament, despite referring to his miraculous birth [Matthew1:18; Luke1: 34], provides contradictory ..

Android malware detection based on image-based features and machine learning techniques

Bakour, Khaled/0000-0003-3327-2822WOS:000545934700001In this paper, a malware classification model has been proposed for detecting malware samples in the Android environment. The proposed model is based on converting some files from the source of the Android applications into grayscale images. Some image-based local features and global features, including four different types of local features and three different types of global features, have been extracted from the constructed grayscale image datasets and used for training the proposed model. To the best of our knowledge, this type of features is used for the first time in the Android malware detection domain. Moreover, the bag of visual words algorithm has been used to construct one feature vector from the descriptors of the local feature extracted from each image. The extracted local and global features have been used for training multiple machine learning classifiers including Random forest, k-nearest neighbors, Decision Tree, Bagging, AdaBoost and Gradient Boost. The proposed method obtained a very high classification accuracy reached 98.75% with a typical computational time does not exceed 0.018 s for each sample. The results of the proposed model outperformed the results of all compared state-of-art models in term of both classification accuracy and computational time

The anti-Islamism discourse; the case of al-Buti

This paper explores al-Būṭī’s critical view on contemporary Islamists who, according to al-Būṭī, have misapplied the Islamic law and sacrificed da‘wah in favour of political gains. Among their dogmatic beliefs is the ruthless and hasty call for the establishment of the Islamic state, the takfīr of rulers, arbitrary application of the question of tatarrus, etc. Having presented and evaluated al-Būṭī’s views pertaining to Islamists’ position on the above issues, the paper further attempts to examine whether they are applicable to contemporary movements or not. This was done through consulting the literature of the most eminent Islamist movements (Ḥizb al-Taḥrīr, the Muslim Brotherhood, jihadists, the AKP, and Ḥizb al-Nahḍa). The paper followed textual analysis aspiring towards providing a more comprehensive approach to the study of al-Būṭī’s views. Accordingly, seven important issues were selected and used to assess the position of movements according to al-Būṭī’s approach. It concludes, that al- Būṭī’s anti-Islamist discourse deserves to be taken as a yardstick against which a clear distinction is made between extreme and moderate Islamist movements. The paper also suggested several measures to further enhance research in this important area of study

Blame attributions for experienced incivility and links to leader well-being : a mixed-methods approach

1 online resource (123 pages) : graphsIncludes abstract and appendices.Includes bibliographical references (pages 81-104).The current mixed-methods study applied latent variable modelling to understand unique subpopulations of leaders attributing blame for an uncivil incident instigated by a higher-up. Profiles of blame attributors were developed as a combination of internal, perpetrator, relational, situational and gender-extrinsic attributions. Latent Profile Analysis conducted on the quantitative attribution scales uncovered four profiles (perpetrator-dominant, perpetrator-situational, balanced, muted-balanced) and Latent Class Analysis conducted on the qualitative codes transformed from incident descriptions uncovered two profiles (perpetrator-dominant, perpetrator-situational). Differences between the Latent Profile Analysis profiles in subsequent well-being were observed for high-intensity and low-intensity negative affect and high-intensity positive affect, but not for low-intensity positive affect. Attribution profiles were explored, in part, through a gender-lens but no significant differences in the gender distribution of leaders across profiles were observed. Study limitations, implications and suggestions for future research are discussed

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