The Human Phenotype Ontology project:linking molecular biology and disease through phenotype data

The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) project, available at http://www.human-phenotype-ontology.org, provides a structured, comprehensive and well-defined set of 10,088 classes (terms) describing human phenotypic abnormalities and 13,326 subclass relations between the HPO classes. In addition we have developed logical definitions for 46% of all HPO classes using terms from ontologies for anatomy, cell types, function, embryology, pathology and other domains. This allows interoperability with several resources, especially those containing phenotype information on model organisms such as mouse and zebrafish. Here we describe the updated HPO database, which provides annotations of 7,278 human hereditary syndromes listed in OMIM, Orphanet and DECIPHER to classes of the HPO. Various meta-attributes such as frequency, references and negations are associated with each annotation. Several large-scale projects worldwide utilize the HPO for describing phenotype information in their datasets. We have therefore generated equivalence mappings to other phenotype vocabularies such as LDDB, Orphanet, MedDRA, UMLS and phenoDB, allowing integration of existing datasets and interoperability with multiple biomedical resources. We have created various ways to access the HPO database content using flat files, a MySQL database, and Web-based tools. All data and documentation on the HPO project can be found online

Généralités sur les huiles essentielles et conseils en aromathérapie à l'officine

LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocSudocFranceF

L’étayage comme réponse aux besoins des élèves d’Unité d’Enseignement (UE) : Contrôlé ou en lâcher prise ?

International audienc

Evolution des activités enzymatiques microbiennes sous l’effet de contraintes anthropiques

Evolution des activités enzymatiques microbiennes sous l’effet de contraintes anthropiques. 3ème édition du colloque d’Ecologie Microbienne de l’Association Francophone d’Ecologie Microbienn

Evolution des activités enzymatiques microbiennes sous l’effet de contraintes anthropiques

Evolution des activités enzymatiques microbiennes sous l’effet de contraintes anthropiques. 3ème édition du colloque d’Ecologie Microbienne de l’Association Francophone d’Ecologie Microbienn

Enzymatic activities in crop and grassland soils and the impact of copper addition

Enzymatic activities in crop and grassland soils and the impact of copper addition . Third International Conference on Enzymes in the Environmen

Activités enzymatiques et qualité des sols agricoles

Activités enzymatiques et qualité des sols agricoles. 9èmes Journées Nationales de l’Etude des Sol

Do Conservative Agricultural Practices Improve the Functional Biological State of Legume-Based Cropping Systems?

This study evaluated the response of soil microbial functions to the presence and placement of faba beans in crop rotations (rotation without legumes versus rotations with faba beans as the crop previous to wheat, with the faba beans sown three years before the wheat crops) combined with two tillage systems (conventional and reduced tillage). The study included 36 wheat-producing plots, and two agricultural practice types were defined: high-frequency–low-intensity (HF–LI) and low-frequency–high-intensity (LF–HI). The results demonstrated a significant increase in the total carbon and nitrogen (N) content under reduced tillage. Furthermore, the general path analysis suggested that arylamidase and β-glucosidase activities significantly affect N fluxes. The enzyme activities were modified by changing the soil’s physicochemical properties. These findings highlighted the significance of introducing legumes as the crop preceding wheat, especially when applying conventional tillage. Moreover, it was revealed that farmers’ management of these conservative practices is a leading factor in regulating soil functions. Pesticides and inorganic fertilization inputs were classified as HF–LI practices, while organic matter (OM) inputs and liming treatments were qualified as LF–HI practices. For instance, LF–HI practices (OM inputs and liming) directly and indirectly influenced the soil functions related to the N cycle, while HF–LI practices (pesticide, inorganic N fertilization, and previous crops) resulted in fewer soil function changes

Decontamination of dredged sediments containing ETM and PAHs by electroremediation

International audienceThe maintenance of harbor waterways generates large amounts of dredged sediments which are often rich in organic and inorganic contaminants. These sediments can be inappropriate for disposal at sea and reuse solutions can be proposed if they are treated before. Electrokinetic (EK) remediation is often developed for heavy metals decontamination but is extremely limited for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which are nonionic and have a low aqueous solubility. Deionized or salt water was circulated through an EK system and various processing fluids were tested to improve the decontamination of a model sediment artificially contaminated with cadmium, lead, chromium, copper, zinc and five PAHs. Nitric acid and citric acid were tested to avoid the formation of an alkaline front into the sediment and were circulated under a constant voltage gradient of 1 V/cm for 14 days. The strong inorganic acid was more effective than the weak acid to remove heavy metals but the complexing citric acid was promising for longer treatments. Concerning PAHs, an anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate SDS) was tested to mobilize, solubilize and favor their migration. At last, SDS and citric acid were tested simultaneously on a naturally contaminated dredged sediment from a French Norman harbor