Fault-Tolerance by Graceful Degradation for Car Platoons

The key advantage of autonomous car platoons are their short inter-vehicle distances that increase traffic flow and reduce fuel consumption. However, this is challenging for operational and functional safety. If a failure occurs, the affected vehicles cannot suddenly stop driving but instead should continue their operation with reduced performance until a safe state can be reached or, in the case of temporal failures, full functionality can be guaranteed again. To achieve this degradation, platoon members have to be able to compensate sensor and communication failures and have to adjust their inter-vehicle distances to ensure safety. In this work, we describe a systematic design of degradation cascades for sensor and communication failures in autonomous car platoons using the example of an autonomous model car. We describe our systematic design method, the resulting degradation modes, and formulate contracts for each degradation level. We model and test our resulting degradation controller in Simulink/Stateflow

Algorithmic Bias: Causes and Effects on Marginalized Communities

Individuals from marginalized backgrounds face different healthcare outcomes due to algorithmic bias in the technological healthcare industry. Algorithmic biases, which are the biases that arise from the set of steps used to solve or analyze a problem, are evident when people from marginalized communities use healthcare technology. For example, many pulse oximeters, which are the medical devices used to measure oxygen saturation in the blood, are not able to accurately read people who have darker skin tones. Thus, people with darker skin tones are not able to receive proper health care due to their pulse oximetry data being inaccurate. This research aims to highlight the ethical implications of marginalized communities facing different healthcare outcomes and provide suggestions on how to prevent algorithmic bias from appearing in healthcare. In order to do this, this paper will first give examples of algorithmic bias, then discuss the ethical implications of those biases, and lastly provide solutions that may help prevent algorithmic bias. It is unethical that marginalized communities are being misread, misdiagnosed, and mistreated due to algorithmic biases. Additionally, the technological healthcare industry must be diversified in order to prevent algorithmic biases from arising in their medical technologies

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Sources of Technical Efficiency Among Smallholders Maize Farmers in Babati District, Tanzania

Maize yield in Tanzania has been decreasing in the past few years. The decline has been attributed to many factors. This paper assesses  production efficiency and its determinants among maize farmers in Babati district. The paper uses data collected from 122 maize farmers residingin six villages in the study district. A stochastic frontier model has been used to determine the sources of inefficiency among maize farmers in the study area. The results show that the mean technical efficiency score for famers in the study area is 62.3%. This implies that there is a significant room for increasing maize yield in the study area if farmers use the  resources at their disposal efficiently. Moreover, the results show that the efficiency of maize farmers in the study area is influenced by farm size, formal education, number of plots owned by the farmer, frequency of contacts with extension officers, and the use of insecticides. It is therefore plausible to argue that improving farmers’ access to extension services and important inputs such as insecticides will have a significant influence on maize yield in the study area.Key words: Smallholders, maize, production efficiency, stochastic frontie

PENGARUH RELIGIUSITAS, PENGETAHUAN AKUNTANSI SYARIAH, PELATIHAN PROFESIONAL DAN PERTIMBANGAN PASAR KERJA TERHADAP MINAT MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI BERKARIR DI LEMBAGA KEUANGAN SYARIAH

The purpose of this study is to provide an analysis of the influence of religiosity, Islamic accounting knowledge, professional training and market considerations on the interest of career accounting students in Islamic financial institutions. This study uses primary data by distributing questionnaires. The population used is S1 Accounting FEB UNISMA students who have taken Islamic accounting courses. The sampling technique used purposive sampling method with predetermined criteria for respondents. Testing the hypothesis in this study using the simultaneous test (jji F), the coefficient of determination ((), and partial test (t test). The results of this study interpret that simultaneously the variables of religiosity, sharia accounting knowledge, professional training and market considerations have a significant effect on the interest of accounting students for careers in Islamic financial institutions, while partially religiosity, sharia accounting knowledge, professional training and time market considerations have no significant effect. positive towards the interest of accounting students for a career in Islamic financial institutions. Keywords: Religiosity, Knowledge of Islamic Accounting, Professional Training and Market Considerations, and Interest of Career Students in Islamic Financial Institutions

Organologi Selober pada Sanggar Selober Pejenengan Desa Pengadangan Pringgasela Lombok Timur

This paper aims to describe and describe the organology of a traditional musical instrument as seen from its physical classification at the Selober Pejenengan Studio in the Village of Inflation in the Pringgasela District, East Lombok using organology theories. The approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative. From the results of the study found about: 1) organology and the process of making a traditional musical instrument as follows, consisting of: the level of dryness, the process of selecting materials, the process of contracting, the process of making tongue lines, the process of making the head and feet of musical instruments, and the refinement process. 2) the production of tones on a traditional musical instrument that consists of tones produced by Selober Mame and Selober  nine

Short-term effect of sawdust biochar and bovine manure on the physiological behavior of turnip (Brassica rapa L.) grown in open fields in the Algiers region

ArticleThis study was designed to determine the effect of different doses of biochar (B) 5.10, 20tha-1alone and mixed with manure (F) 10tha-1on turnips. The results showed that the OM (organic matter) rate had a maximum of 93.7% for (B20*F) and a minimum of 14.5% for (F); the CEC (cation exchange capacity) showed a maximum of 32.2% for (B10*F) and a minimum of 0.2% with (B5*F) compared to the control (T) and finally the pH to be increased with a maximum value of 11.2% for (B20*F) and a minimum value of 1.7% for (F) compared to (T) (≤0.01).For the chemical parameters of the turnip, the maximum nitrogen rate was 93.8% with (B10) and 2% for (B20). The highest value for phosphorus was recorded in (F) and a minimal value in (B5) (≤0.01).The potassium level was high 4.2% for the treatment (B20*F) with the lowest value of 4.4% for (B5) and (B10) compared to (T) (0.05).For the yield components, thefresh weight of the most important bulb was obtained with (F) with the value of 116.8% and minimum weight of 0.4% in the treatment (B5). The highest bulb length value was 36.8% in (F) and the lowest was 0.5% obtained with (B20*F). The bulb diameter was the largest in the treatment (F) and the smallest was 4.8% in (B20). Finally, the fresh weight of the leaves showed a maximum of 106.9% in (F) and an increase of 6% in (B20) compared to (T) (≤0.01)

Principles of Sustainable Logistics

Effective logistics largely contributes to the success of business through quick deliveries in minimum time and cost. Logistics is the process of getting material, product, and service where and when they are needed. When addressing the concept of sustainable logistics, it is important to consider the three dimensions of sustainability: economic, social, and environmental. Sustainable logistics is beyond going green and being environmentally friendly, it has an influence on manufacturing processes, starting from where raw materials are obtained, processes involved, use, and potential recycling of the product or service. In analyzing the problem of evaluating logistic operation performance, sustainability will be one among other criteria for evaluation. Selecting a logistics partner who cares about sustainability will help in achieving company’s strategy. The chapter discusses the concept of sustainability applied to logistics. From the main definition of the logistics system, which includes the flow of materials and information, to the goal of sustainable logistics, which includes increasing profitability and reducing the environmental impact. Sustainable development involves coordination between environment and economics to reach social, economic, and environmental sustainability. The chapter aims to help managers, practitioners, scholars, and students to understand the key attributes of sustainable logistics and supply chain in general

SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS PEMETAAN LOKASI WADUK DAN EMBUNG PROVINSI D.I YOGYAKARTA BERBASIS WEB

Yogyakarta memiliki banyak wisata yang mumpuni diantaranya waduk dan ermbung yang dapat menjadi referensi dalam memilih wisata. Hal tersebut yang membuat Yogyakarta menjadi tempat tujuan para wisata lokal maupun luar. Teknologi yang berkembang mempunyai peran penting dalam informasi dan komunikasi, Teknologi informasi sangat membantu dalam membangun Sistem Informasi Geografis mengenai lokasi suatu kejadian atau lingkup bisnis. Dengan menggunakan PHP, MySQL, HTML5 Geolocation dan Google Maps Javascript API dapat digunakan untuk membangun dan menyimpan data lokasi yang ingin ditampilkan secara detail. Sistem Informasi yang dibangun mampu memberikan informasi lokasi waduk dan embung, dan diharapkan dapat membantu masyarakat dalam mengambil keputusan untuk menentukan wisata waduk dan embung yang akan dituju. Kata Kunci : Sistem Informasi Geografis, pemetaan waduk, embung