Influence of catalyst (Yeast) on the Biomethanization of Selected Organic Waste Materials

Yeast catalyzed the rate of biomethanization of waste materials and rate at which it alter the reaction rate has been determined. It was observed that addition of yeast improved the quality and quantity of biogas generated and also fastened the acid and methane forming stages during biomethanization. The volumes of biogas in the catalyzed process was found to be 6550 cm3 for cow dung, 5640 cm3 for millet husk, 3240 cm3 for rice husk ,1000 cm3 for saw dust and 800 cm3 for the paper waste, as against 5430 cm3, 5230 cm3, 2110 cm3, 950 cm3 and 590 cm3 respectively for the uncatalyzed biomethanization process

Comparative Study of Biogas Production from Locally Sourced Substrate Materials

Comparative study of biogas production from Cow dung (CD), Millet husk (MH), Rice husk (RH), Saw dust (SD) and Paper waste (PW) was conducted. The biogas production potentials for the substrates were of the order: Cow dung (8772.50cm3) > Millet husk (6680 cm3) > Rice husk (1386.25 cm3) > Saw dust (973.75 cm3) > Paper waste (476.25 cm3). Physico - chemical analysis revealed decreasing pH in the spent slurry indicating acidification of the content. The ash content is higher in the spent slurry ranging from 16 – 24% for the raw substrate and between 18 and 29% for the spent slurry. Kinetic studies show the slurry concentration have a direct relationship to the volume of biogas produced from all the substrates. There was strong  correlation between slurry concentration and the volume of biogas generated

Evaluation of Nutrient and Anti-nutrient Contents of Parkia biglobosa (L.) Flower

Nutritional and antinutritional contents of Parkia biglobosa flower were analysed using standard analytical methods. On dry weight basis, the flower had the following proximate compositions; ash (6.50 ± 1.00%), crude lipid (4.66 ± 0.29%), crude protein (6.77 ± 0.15%), available carbohydrate (78.9 ± 1.18%) and crude fibre (3.17 ± 0.29%). The calorific value was 384.7 kcal/100g. Mineral analysis indicates that the flower contain some essential minerals such as K, Na, Ca, Mg, and Zn, but was low in Cu, Mn, and Fe. The flower has low concentration of anti-nutritive factors: phytate (1.41±0.24mg %); oxalate (0.03±0.01mg %); hydrocyanic acid (0.17±0.01mg %) and nitrate (1.32±0.10mg %). The values are below the reference toxic standard levels. Therefore, P. biglobosa flower could supplement the microelements requirement, energy and to some extent protein

Study of Nutrient Content Variation in Bulb And Stalk of Onions (Allium Sepa) Cultivated in Aliero, Aliero, Kebbi State, Nigeria

The proximate, macro and trace-elements, vitamins A and C, and oxalate compositions were determined in onion bulbs and their stalks from three agricultural fields in Aliero, Kebbi state. The bulbs and stalks contained closely related mean values of 93.11g/100g and 91.70g/100g, 6.48g/100g and 6.74g/100g as moisture and crude protein contents respectively. Values of 4.26g/100g (bulbs) and 13.56g/100g (stalks) were observed as ash content, while their fibre contents were 13.56g/100g (bulbs) and 9.33g/100g (stalks). The macro element concentration in the bulbs was in the order Ca>Mg>K>P>Na while that of the stalks was Mg>Ca>K>P>Na. For the trace elements, the order was Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu>Pb>Ni>Cd for the bulbs and Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu>Ni>Pb>Cd for the stalks. Only Iron concentrations were observed to be higher than (100-500μgg-1) the normal Fe concentrations in plants. There were significant differences (

Studies on the Effect of Rice Husk Ash as Cement Admixture

Compressive strength tests were carried out on six mortar cubes with cement replaced by rice husk ash (RHA) at five levels (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%). After the curing age of 3, 7, 14 and 28 days. The compressive strengths of the cubes at 10% replacement were 12.60, 14.20, 22.10, 28.50 and 36.30 N/mm2 respectively and increased with age of curing but decreased with increase in RHA content for all mixes. The chemical analysis of the rice husk ash revealed high amount of silica (68.12%), alumina (1.01%) and oxides such as calcium oxide (1.01%) and iron oxide (0.78%) responsible for strength, soundness and setting of the concrete. It also contained high amount of magnesia (1.31%) which is responsible for the unsoundness. This result, therefore, indicated that RHA can be used as cement substitute at 10% and 20% replacement and 14 and 28 day curing age. KEYWORD: Compressive Strength, Setting Time, Soundness, Curin