Project NEO Specific Impulse Testing Solutions

The Neo test stand is currently configured to fire a horizontally mounted rocket motor with up to 6500 lbf thrust. Currently, the Neo test stand can measure flow of liquid propellant and oxidizer, pressures residing in the closed system up to the combustion chamber. The current configuration does not have the ability to provide all data needed to compute specific impulse. This presents three methods to outfit the NEO test fixture with instrumentation allowing for calculation of specific impulse

1.65 micrometers (H-band) surface photometry of galaxies. III: observations of 558 galaxies with the TIRGO 1.5m telescope

We present near-infrared H-band (1.65 micron) surface photometry of 558 galaxies in the Coma Supercluster and in the Virgo cluster. This data set, obtained with the Arcetri NICMOS3 camera ARNICA mounted on the Gornergrat Infrared Telescope, is aimed at complementing, with observations of mostly early-type objects, our NIR survey of spiral galaxies in these regions, presented in previous papers of this series. Magnitudes at the optical radius, total magnitudes, isophotal radii and light concentration indices are derived. We confirm the existence of a positive correlation between the near-infrared concentration index and the galaxy H-band luminosity. (Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form upon request to [email protected])Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A

High spectral resolution imaging of the dynamical atmosphere of the red supergiant Antares in the CO first overtone lines with VLTI/AMBER

We present high spectral resolution aperture-synthesis imaging of the red supergiant Antares (alpha Sco) in individual CO first overtone lines with VLTI/AMBER. The reconstructed images reveal that the star appears differently in the blue wing, line center, and red wing and shows an asymmetrically extended component. The appearance of the star within the CO lines changes drastically within one year, implying a significant change in the velocity field in the atmosphere. Our modeling suggests an outer atmosphere (MOLsphere) extending to 1.2--1.4 stellar radii with CO column densities of (0.5--1)x10^{20} cm^{-2} and a temperature of ~2000 K. While the velocity field in 2009 is characterized by strong upwelling motions at 20--30 km/s, it changed to strong downdrafts in 2010. On the other hand, the AMBER data in the continuum show only a slight deviation from limb-darkened disks and only marginal time variations. We derive a limb-darkened disk diameter of 37.38+/-0.06 mas and a power-law-type limb-darkening parameter of (8.7+/-1.6)x10^{-2} (2009) and 37.31+/-0.09 mas and (1.5+/-0.2)x10^{-1} (2010). We also obtain Teff = 3660+/-120 K and log L/Lsun = 4.88+/-0.23, which suggests a mass of 15+/-5 Msun with an age of 11-15 Myr. This age is consistent with the recently estimated age for the Upper Scorpius OB association. The properties of the outer atmosphere of Antares are similar to those of another well-studied red supergiant, Betelgeuse. The density of the extended outer atmosphere of Antares and Betelgeuse is higher than predicted by the current 3-D convection simulations by at least six orders of magnitude, implying that convection alone cannot explain the formation of the extended outer atmosphere.Comment: 18 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics, short discussion on the age of Antares and the Upper Scorpius OB association added, movies of the reconstructed images available at http://www.mpifr-bonn.mpg.de/staff/kohnaka

Actividad de investigación científica con alumnos de nivel medio : un estudio de caso

El trabajo presenta una actividad de investigación científica sobre el tema Cama de Faquir, realizada con alumnos de nivel medio (15 y 17 años) de una escuela estatal, y desarrollado en partes entre la universidad y la escuela. Los alumnos proyectaron la cama de faquir, la construyeron, y estudiaron la presión que un globo soporta sobre ella sin explotar. Participaron activamente en el proceso de aprendizaje y se familiarizaron con la investigación científica. Cambiaron sus concepciones inicial simplista por una más próxima a la realidad sobre la naturaleza de la investigación y empezaron a utilizar con más frecuencia términos científicos. El hecho de que el trabajo fuera en su mayoría desarrollado en el ambiente universitario, ayudó a los alumnos a desmitificar la universidad, proporcionándoles nuevas perspectivas en sus vidas profesionales

Schistocerca gregaria-derived chitosan: antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity studies of its Schiff Bases and metal complexes

Chitosan prepared by deacetylation of chitin extracted from Schistocerca gregaria (desert grasshopper) has been coupled with different aldehydes to afford the corresponding Schiff bases and consequently reacted with metal (II) salts to provide the corresponding complexes. The compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against two Gram positive (Escheria coli and Salmonella typhii), one Gram negative bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus), and three fungal strains (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and Tricodma spp). Chitosan and its derivatives were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against two Gram positive bacterial (Escheria coli and Salmonella typhii), one gram negative (Staphylococcus aureus) and three fungi (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Tricodma spp) The MIC, MBC, and MFC values revealed that compared to the parent chitosan, the Schiff bases and their complexes have higher antibacterial and fungal activities which are in the order of chitosan metal complexes >chitosan Schiff bases > non-modified chitosan with BMC values of >500, >250 and 125μg/ml respectively, where MIC and MFC results showed similar trend. The cytotoxicity assay using brine shrimps revealed that parent chitosan was the most active against at all concentrations, 10μg/ml, 100μg/ml, and 1000μg/ml compared to chitosan Schiff bases, metal complexes.Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, Chitosan, Complexes, Desert grasshopper, Schiff bases, Schistocerca gregari

Imaging Ferromagnetic Tracers With An Ac Biosusceptometer

The aim of this work was to study the feasibility of obtaining images of the distribution of ferromagnetic tracers using an ac biosusceptometer (ACB). The images were generated by mapping the response of the ACB at short distances due to the presence of a ferrite powder dispersed in a planar gel matrix with different shapes. The ACB was scanned over the sample and the voltages generated by the variation in ferrite concentration were sampled. Methods to render and image the distribution of ferromagnetic particles were studied. The generalized Wiener parametric method gave the best results. The system has a potential to be used in functional images of the gastrointestinal tract where a moderate resolution is required. We conclude that this biomagnetic method can be successfully used to generate planar functional images of magnetic particles in the near field. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.71625322538Erol, R.A., Cherian, P., Smallwood, R.H., Brown, B.H., Bardhan, K.D., (1996) Physiol. Meas., 17, pp. A141Ikeya, M., Ishii, H., (1990) J. Magn. Reson., 88, p. 130Smith, C.M., Stevens, A.D., (1994) Br. J. Radiol., 67, p. 1186Roth, B.J., Sepulveda, N.G., Wikswo J.P., Jr., (1989) J. Appl. Phys., 65, p. 361Moreira, M., Murta, L.O., Baffa, O., (1994) Phys. Med. Biol., 39 A, p. 633Miranda, J.R.A., Baffa, O., Oliveira, R.B., Matsuda, N.M., (1992) Med. Phys., 19, p. 445Baffa, O., Oliveira, R.B., Miranda, J.R., Troncon, L.E.A., (1995) Med. Biol. Eng. Comput., 33, p. 353Oliveira, R.B., Baffa, O., Troncon, L.E.A., Miranda, J.R.A., Cambrea, C.R., (1996) Eur. J. Gastroent. Hepatol., 8, p. 491Miranda, J.R.A., Oliveira, R.B., Sousa, P.L., Braga, F.J.H., Baffa, O., (1997) Phys. Med. Biol., 42, p. 1791Daghastanli, N.A., Braga, F.J.H.N., Oliveira, R.B., Baffa, O., (1998) Physiol. Meas., 19, p. 413Forsman, M., Hultin, L., Abrahamsson, H., (1995) Biomagnetism: Fundamental Research and Clinical Applications. Studies in Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, 7, p. 739. , edited by C. Baumgartner, L. Deecke, G. Stroink, and S. J. Williamson Elsevier, AmsterdamBasile, M., Neri, M., Carriero, A., Casciardi, S., Comani, S., Del Gratta, C., Donate, L.G., Romani, G.L., (1992) Dig. Dis. Scie., 37, p. 1537Bruno, A.C., (1997) J. Appl. Phys., 82, p. 1Cruvinel, P.E., Cesareo, R., Crestana, S., Mascarenhas, S., (1990) IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., 39, p. 745Lim, J.S., (1990) Two-Dimensional Signal and Image Processing, , Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJJ. P. Wikswo, Jr., N. G. Sepulveda, and I. M. Thomas, Ref. 11, p. 789Tan, S., Ma, Y.P., Smith, I.M., Wikswo J.P., Jr., (1996) IEEE Trans. Magn., 32, p. 230Weber, E., (1951) Electromagnetic Fields: Theory and Applications, Mapping of Magnetic Fields, 1. , Wiley, New YorkSpiegel, M.R., (1990) Mathematical Handbook of Formulas and Tables, , McGraw-Hill, New YorkBruno, A.C., Costa Ribeiro, P., Von Der Wied, J.P., Symko, O., (1986) J. Appl. Phys., 59, p. 2584Vrba, J., Fife, A.A., Burbank, M., Weinberg, H., Bricket, P.A., (1982) Can. J. Phys., 60, p. 106

Caratterizzazione di Assorbitori Saturabili a Semiconduttore per Applicazioni di Elaborazione Ottica.

In questo lavoro di tesi verrà esposto il principio di funzionamento degli assorbitori saturabili, le tecniche e le tecnologie usate per migliorarne i fattori di merito, verranno esaminati nel dettaglio gli schemi relativi ad una serie di applicazioni in cui questi dispositivi sono utilizzati e verrà infine descritta l’attività sperimentale svolta per finalizzare l’operazione di caratterizzazione di determinati campioni di assorbitore saturabile concessi in prestito dall’ Optical Research Centre (ORC) dell’Università di Tampere (Finlandia). L’attività sperimentale si è conclusa realizzando un commutatore ottico passivo ad alto rapporto di estinzione e bassa energia di commutazione che sfrutta la tecnologia basata su questi dispositivi a semiconduttore

O método de datação arqueológica por ressonância paramagnética eletrônica

Os princípios físicos do método de datação arqueológica utilizando a espectroscopia de ressonância paramagnética eletrônica (RPE) são apresentados. Esta técnica espectroscópica permite uma quantificação da concentração de radicais livres estáveis presentes na amostra criados pela radiação ambiental. Através dessa medida é possível determinar-se a dose de radiação, conhecida como dose arqueológica, necessá­ ria para a produção da concentração desses radicais. Conhecendo-se a taxa de dose ambiental no sítio onde a amostra está depositada é possível converter essa dose em idade da amostra. Esse método é não destrutivo, aplica-se a amostras de ossos, carbonatos, silicatos, e outros materiais isolantes elétricos e quantidades da ordem de 0.1 gramas são necessáriasThe physical principles of archeological dating with the spectroscopic technique of electron paramagnetic resonance are presented. This spectroscopic technique allows the determination of the stable free radical concentration present in a sample that was produced by the environmental radiation. Using this result it is possible to determine the radiation dose, known as the archeological dose, that was necessary to produce this free radical concentration. Knowing the dose rate at the site where the sample was buried it is possible to convert the archeological dose in the age of the sample. This is a non destructive method that can be applied to bones, carbonates, paper and other electrical insulating materials and about 0.1 grams of sample are necessar