358 research outputs found
Do Local Analysts Know More? A Cross-Country Study of the Performance of Local Analysts and Foreign Analysts
This paper examines whether analysts resident in a country make more precise earnings forecasts for firms in that country than analysts who are not resident in that country. Using a sample of 32 countries, we find that there is an economically and statistically significant analyst local advantage even after controlling for firm and analyst characteristics. The importance of the local advantage is inversely related to the quality of the information provided by firms. In particular, the local advantage is high in countries where earnings are smoothed more, less information is disclosed by firms, and firm idiosyncratic information explains a smaller fraction of stock returns. The local advantage is also negatively related to market participation by foreign investors and by institutions and positively related to holdings by insiders. U.S. investors underweight a country's stocks more in their portfolios if that country has a higher analyst local advantage.
Does Corporate Social Responsibility Reduce the Costs of High Leverage? Evidence from Capital Structure and Product Market Interactions
Research on capital structure and product market interactions shows that high leverage is associated with substantial losses in market share due to unfavorable actions by customers and competitors. We examine whether corporate social responsibility (CSR) affects firmsâ interactions with customers and competitors, and whether it can reduce the costs of high leverage. We find that CSR reduces losses in market share when firms are highly leveraged. By reducing adverse behavior by customers and competitors, CSR helps highly leveraged firms keep customers and guard against rivalsâ predation. Our results support the stakeholder value maximization view of CSR
Nominal Stock Price Anchors: A Global Phenomenon?
Weld et al. (2009) find that the average nominal U.S. stock price has been approximately $25 since the Great Depression. They report that this nominal price fixation is primarily a U.S. or North American phenomenon. Using a larger data set from 38 countries, we show that this nominal price fixation is a global phenomenon. We exploit the introduction of the euro in 1999 to show that stock splits maintain these nominal stock price anchors. Generally, firms in countries with larger drops in nominal prices had fewer stock splits after stock prices were displayed in euros
Family control and expropriation at not-for-profit organizations: evidence from korean private universities
We study an agency problem in private universities â the conflict between controlling families and other stakeholders. We investigate whether universities over which controlling families have disproportionately significant power relative to the amount of funds they contribute, that is, universities with high expropriation risk, are associated with lower outside donations and poor quality. Using a sample of Korean private universities, we find that measures of family control in excess of monetary contributions are negatively related to the level of outside donation and measures of university quality. We also find that universities at which the controlling family exerts disproportionate control are more likely to face disputes between the controlling family and other stakeholders. Finally, we show that our results are not driven by reverse causality
Family control and expropriation at not-for-profit organizations: evidence from korean private universities
We study an agency problem in private universities â the conflict between controlling families and other stakeholders. We investigate whether universities over which controlling families have disproportionately significant power relative to the amount of funds they contribute, that is, universities with high expropriation risk, are associated with lower outside donations and poor quality. Using a sample of Korean private universities, we find that measures of family control in excess of monetary contributions are negatively related to the level of outside donation and measures of university quality. We also find that universities at which the controlling family exerts disproportionate control are more likely to face disputes between the controlling family and other stakeholders. Finally, we show that our results are not driven by reverse causality
Piceatannol, a Natural Stilbene, Extends the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans Under Fasting Through Inhibition of Lipolysis
FIIs and Indian Stock Market: A Causality Investigation
While the volatility associated with portfolio capital flows is well known, there is also a concern that foreign institutional investors might introduce distortions in the host country markets due to the pressure on them to secure capital gains. In this context, present chapter attempts to find out the direction of causality between foreign institutional investors (FIIs) and performance of Indian stock market. To facilitate a better understanding of the causal linkage between FII flows and contemporaneous stock market returns (BSE National Index), a period of nineteen consecutive financial years ranging from January 1992 to December 2010 is selected. Granger Causality Test has been applied to test the direction of causality.Aczkolwiek brak stabilnoĆci zwiÄ
zany z przepĆywami kapitaĆu portfelowego jest dobrze znany, to istnieje rĂłwnieĆŒ obawa, ĆŒe zagraniczni inwestorzy instytucjonalni mogÄ
wprowadzaÄ zakĆĂłcenia na rynkach krajĂłw przyjmujÄ
cych z uwagi na wywieranÄ
na nich presjÄ, aby zapewniaÄ zyski kapitaĆowe. W tym kontekĆcie niniejszy rozdziaĆ prĂłbuje poznaÄ kierunek przyczynowoĆci pomiÄdzy zagranicznymi inwestorami instytucjonalnymi (FIIs) i dziaĆaniem indyjskiej gieĆdy. Aby uĆatwiÄ lepsze zrozumienie zwiÄ
zku przyczynowego miÄdzy przepĆywami FII i majÄ
cymi miejsce w tym samym czasie wynikami gieĆdy papierĂłw wartoĆciowych (BSE National Index), wybrany zostaĆ okres dziewiÄtnastu kolejnych lat poczÄ
wszy od stycznia 1992 do grudnia 2010. Do zbadania kierunku przyczynowoĆci zastosowano test przyczynowoĆci Grangera
Characterization of single photon sources for radiometry applications at room temperature
A single photon source with high repeatability and low uncertainties is the
key element for few-photon metrology based on photon numbers. While low photon
number fluctuations and high repeatability are important figures for
qualification as a standard light source, these characteristics are limited in
single photon emitters by some malicious phenomena like blinking or internal
relaxations to varying degrees in different materials. This study seeks to
characterize photon number fluctuations and repeatability for radiometry
applications at room temperature. For generality in this study, we collected
photon statistics data with various single photon emitters of
at low excitation power and room temperature in three material platforms:
silicon vacancy in diamond, defects in GaN, and vacancy in hBN. We found common
factors related with the relaxation times of the internal states that
indirectly affect photon number stability. We observed a high stability of
photon number with defects in GaN due to faster relaxations compared with
vacancies in hBN, which on the other hand produced high rates () of
photons per second. Finally, we demonstrate repeatable radiant flux
measurements of a bright hBN single photon emitter for a wide radiant flux
range from a few tens of femtowatts to one picowatt.Comment: Submitted to: Materials for Quantum Technology (IOP
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