Evaluation and Correlation of the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment and Rapid Office Strain Assessment Methods for Predicting the Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders

Background: During the last two decades, the scale of computer use has been surprisingly increased. In 2000, 80% of workers stated that they use computer in their daily activities. The tendency to use computer is accompanied with healthy risk and the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders between 10 to 60 percent of computer users. Aims to study, risk assessment by RULA and ROSA methods, surveying the correlation of these methods, and evaluating the prediction ability of these methods in the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders among office workers.Methods: This analytic-descriptive study performed at Behbahan University of Medical Sciences and Imam Khomeini port office in 2016. The sample consists of 236 office workers through simple random sampling method. Body map questionnaire as well as RULA and ROSA checklists were used for data collection. Data analysis was carried out by SPSS software, version 22, and statistical tests including one way ANOVA, Pearson, and Chi-square.Results: The results demonstrated that most of the musculoskeletal disorders are related to trunk, neck and back regions by 40.4%, 39.7%, and 35.4% respectively. The furthest risk distribution in ROSA method is at warning level (67.2%) and at high and very high levels in RULA method (62%). Pearson Test showed a positive significant correlation between these methods (P<0.05). Chi-square Test revealed a significant correlation between musculoskeletal disorders in upper and lower limb with RULA method (P<0.05), but there was no significant relationship with ROSA method (p>0.05). One way ANOVA statistical test divulged a significant relationship between risk of musculoskeletal disorders and gender (P<0.05), but did not find a significant relationship with job experience and education (p>0.05).Conclusion: Due of the weak correlation between RULA and ROSA, it can't be surely stated that one may be used as an alternative to the other; however, RULA is better than ROSA to predict the risk of musculoskeletal disorders

The association between anemia and postpartum depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: The association between anemia and postpartum depression (PPD) has been reported to be controversial in different studies. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of anemia and PPD. Methods: This review study was conducted according to the MOOSE protocol and results have been reported according to the PRISMA guideline. We searched epidemiologic studies published until January 2018 in nine English databases including Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EBSCO and Google Scholar using English MeSH keywords. The heterogeneity of the studies was assessed using the Cochran’s Q test and I2 index. Data were analyzed using a random effects model and comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) software version 2. Results: In the 10 studies, the association between postpartum anemia and PPD was significant (heterogeneity test: P<0.001, I2=74.62), and RR=1.887 (95CI: 1.255-2.838, P=0.002). In 8 studies, anemia during pregnancy significantly increased the risk of postpartum depression (heterogeneity test: P=0.116, I2=36.422), RR=1.240 (1.001-1.536, P=0.048). The subgroup analysis of postpartum anemia and PPD was not significant for the variables of quality of studies, study design, and the period of evaluating depression and anemia. The subgroup analysis of anemia during pregnancy and PPD was not significant for the period of evaluating depression. Publication bias did not affect the results of the studies. Conclusion: Meta-analysis results showed anemia during pregnancy and after pregnancy that significantly increased the risk of postpartum depression. Therefore, prevention, identification and treatment of anemia in pregnant women seem necessary

Spatially structured genetic diversity of the Amerindian yam (Dioscorea trifida L.) assessed by SSR and ISSR markers in Southern Brazil

Dioscorea trifida L. (Dioscoreaceae) is among the economically most important cultivated Amerindian yam species, whose origin and domestication are still unresolved issues. in order to estimate the genetic diversity maintained by traditional farmers in Brazil, 53 accessions of D. trifida from 11 municipalities in the states of São Paulo, Santa Catarina, Mato Grosso and Amazonas were characterized on the basis of eight Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) and 16 Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) markers. the level of polymorphism among the accessions was high, 95 % for SSR and 75.8 % for ISSR. the SSR marker showed higher discrimination power among accessions compared to ISSR, with D parameter values of 0.79 and 0.44, respectively. Although SSR and ISSR markers led to dendrograms with different topologies, both separated the accessions into three main groups: I-Ubatuba-SP; II-Iguape-SP and Santa Catarina; and III-Mato Grosso. the accessions from Amazonas State were classified in group II with SSR and in a separate group with ISSR. Bayesian and principal coordinate analyzes conducted with both molecular markers corroborated the classification into three main groups. Higher variation was found within groups in the AMOVA analysis for both markers (66.5 and 60.6 % for ISSR and SSR, respectively), and higher Shannon diversity index was found for group II with SSR. Significant but low correlations were found between genetic and geographic distances (r = 0.08; p = 0.0007 for SSR and r = 0.16; p = 0.0002 for ISSR). Therefore, results from both markers showed a slight spatially structured genetic diversity in D. trifida accessions maintained by small traditional farmers in Brazil.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Univ São Paulo, Luiz de Queiroz Coll Agr, Dept Genet, BR-13400970 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biol Sci, BR-09972270 São Paulo, BrazilUniv Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci MS1, Sect Crop & Ecosyst Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biol Sci, BR-09972270 São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 2007/04805-2Web of Scienc

Vitamin D status in Iranian pregnant women and newborns: a systematic review and meta-analysis study

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a common health problem worldwide. The present study was conducted to assess the vitamin D status in Iranian pregnant women and newborns. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. The Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane, Web of Science, CINAHL, Magiran, Iranmedex, SID, Medlib, IranDoc databases, and Google Scholar were searched until 2017. The data were combined using random effects model. p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: In 23 studies including 6,127 Iranian pregnant women were eligible for inclusion. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency based on cutoff points of 10, 20, and 30 ng/ml was estimated to be 42.42 (95CI: 26.90-57.93), 55.84 (95CI: 31.75-79.93) and 80.82 (95CI: 71.20-90.45), respectively. The mean 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D concentration was estimated to be 15.69 ng/ml (95% CI: 14.39-17.00) in pregnant women. The mean 25(OH)D concentration was estimated to be 14.97 ng/ml (95% CI: 10.63-19.31) in Iranian newborns. The difference in mean 25(OH)D concentration between pregnant women and their newborns was significant (p = 0.0002). Conclusions: Vitamin D status in Iranian pregnant women and newborns are critical. Therefore, paying attention to the issue of vitamin D deficiency in this group should be a health priority in Iran

Cardiac complications in patients with thalassemia major in Iran: A meta-analysis

Cardiac complications are the most common cause of death in patients with thalassemia major. This study aims to assess cardiac complications in patients with thalassemia major in Iran.This study was conducted based on PRISMA guidelines for systematic review and meta-analysis studies. To find the relevant literature, a comprehensive search was conducted in several databases including SID, Magiran, Iranmedex, IranDoc, Medlib, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar search engine. English and Persian MeSH keywords were searched without any time limited until 2017. Studies were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. To assess the heterogeneity between studies, I2 statistic and Cochran's Q test were used. Data were analyzed using Stata Ver.11.1 software through random effects model.In 20 studies, 3394 thalassemia major patients were surveyed. The mean age of the patients was 16.7. years. The prevalence of all types of cardiac complications in Iranian patients with thalassemia major was estimated to be 41.2 (95 CI: 25.3-57.2) and the prevalence for males and females patients was estimated to be 21.8 (95 CI: 9.3-34.4) and 21.4 (95 CI: 14.2-28.6), respectively. The most common echocardiographic abnormalities were diastolic dysfunction (40.2 95% CI: 14.1-66.2), systolic dysfunction (18.9% 95% CI: 9.4-28.5), pulmonary hypertension (14% 95% CI: 14.2-28.6), left ventricular hypertrophy (7.4% 95% CI: 2.5-12.3), tricuspid regurgitation (30.2% 95% CI: 11.2-50.4), mitral valve prolapse (16.4% 95% CI: 0-46.8), mitral regurgitation (12.3% 95% CI: 8.3-16.2) and aortic regurgitation (4.4% 95% CI: 0.2-8.9). The prevalence of abnormal echocardiography and electrocardiography was estimated to be 56.1% (95% CI: 9.0-100) and 32.6% (95% CI: 7.1-58.0), respectively. The relationship between cardiac complications and serum ferritin in patients with thalassemia major was not significant.The prevalence of cardiac complications in Iranian thalassemia major patients is high and screening the patients with thalassemia major in Iran for early diagnosis seems necessary. © 2017

The Relationship between Selenium and Lung Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Context: Many studies have reported contradictory results about the relationship between selenium levels and the risk of lung cancer. Objectives: This study was performed with the aim of evaluating the relationship between selenium and lung cancer. Methods: The present systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and metaanalyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Using MeSH keywords, two reviewers independently searched international databases including PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The data were combined, using comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software Version 2 based on the random effects model. The tests were considered significant at P < 0.05. Results: In 15 high-quality studies including 13 case-control and 2 cohort studies, 84 199 subjects (2 434 cases and 81 765 controls) were studied. The odds ratio (OR) of lung cancer in the highest quintile of selenium exposure compared to the lowest quintile was 0.55 (95 CI: 0.35 to 0.86, P < 0.01). The results of the standardized mean difference between serum selenium concentrations in lung cancer and healthy groups in 11 studies (1446 cases and 77917 controls) was -0.32 mu g/L (95 CI: -0.53 to -0.11, P = 0.003). This value for toenails selenium in 3 studies (620 cases and 2 709 controls) was -0.13 mu g/g (95 CI: -0.22 to -0.038, P = 0.006). In subgroup analysis, it was determined that gender (P = 0.28), type of studies (P = 0.70), and measurement of selenium samples (P = 0.46) were not influencing factors. Conclusions: The results of the study indicated the preventive role of increased selenium levels in the incidence of lung cancer. Moreover, the selenium could be used as a predictive variable

Phenylketonuria screening in Iranian newborns: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Phenylketonuria (PKU), which is characterized by a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase activity, is an autosomal recessive disorder of phenylalanine (Phe) metabolism. Newborn screening is the main population-based public health screening program that allows successful identification and treatment of PKU with low-Phe diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology of PKU screening in Iranian newborns. Methods The present study was designed based on MOOSE protocol and reporting was done in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The protocol of this systematic review was published in PROSPERO before it was performed (CRD42020162626). A comprehensive search was done in 10/10/2019 to find related literature on international online databases Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, Science Direct, PubMed/Medline, EBSCO, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, national online databases and the Google Scholar search engine. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed by I(2)index and Q test. All meta-analyses were performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software ver. 2.P < 0.05 was considered significant. Result Finally, 18 studies with 3,339,327 Iranian neonates were included. The prevalence of suspected hyperphenylalaninemia(HPA) was estimated to be 45.6/100,000 (95 CI: 23.9-87.1). The prevalence of suspected HPA in girls and boys infants in Iran was estimated to be 38.0/100,000 (95 CI: 15.1-95.5) and 43.3/100,000 (95 CI: 16.2-116.2), respectively. The prevalence of PKU was estimated to be 16.5/100,000 (95 CI: 12.9-21.2). The prevalence of PKU in girls and boys infants was estimated to be 13.3/100,000 (95 CI: 7.5-15.8) and 10.9/100,000 (95 CI: 7.5-15.8), respectively. The prevalence of mild to moderate HPA was estimated 9.7/100,000 (95 CI: 5.1-18.4) and the prevalence of classical PKU was estimated 4.4/100,000 (95 CI: 2.5-7.8). Sensitivity analysis for all meta-analysis with the omission of one study showed that overall estimation is still robust. Conclusion The results of this meta-analysis showed that PKU is prevalent in Iranian neonates.It should be considered that for PKU there is a highly effective dietary treatment which can prevent the clinical symptoms of PKU if initiated early after detection by newborn screening

Biochemical parameters of rickets in Iranian children: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Many causes can lead to childhood rickets. We aimed to investigate the biochemical symptoms of childhood rickets with systematic review and meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: Seven articles published from 1975 to 2018 were recruited. The literature search was performed in the Scientific Information Database, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Elsevier databases using related keywords. For meta-analysis, the results of the studies were pooled using the random-effects model. The heterogeneity between the studies was checked using Q test and I (2) index. Results: The total sample population consisted of 933 children with biochemical symptoms of rickets (133 participants per article). According to our findings, the mean serum levels of PO4, Ca, and alkaline phosphatase in children with rickets were 4.18 (95 confidence interval CI: 3.75-4.61, I (2) = 98.3%, P < 0.001), 9.23 (95% CI: 8.78-9.68, I (2) = 99.6%, P < 0.001), and 1.33 (95% CI: 1.23-1.44, I (2) = 95.6%, P < 0.001), respectively. Conclusion: Characterizing the biochemical symptoms of rickets in children can help to early diagnose and prevent the disease in children. Furthermore, educating parents about biochemical symptoms can lead to early diagnosis and successful treatment of rickets in children

Thyroid dysfunction in Iranian pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundThyroid dysfunction during pregnancy is associated with adverse outcomes for both mother and fetus. The present meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate thyroid dysfunction in Iranian pregnant women.MethodsWe registered this review at PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42020166655). The research steps in this systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to the MOOSE protocol, and finally, reports were provided based on the PRISMA guidelines. The literature search was performed in October 2019 using the international online databases, including Web of Science, Ovid, Science Direct, Scopus, EMBASE, PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, CINAHL, Google Scholar as well as national databases were reviewed. Data were extracted after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria and qualitative evaluation of the studies. I-2 index and Q test were used to assess differences in studies. All analyses were performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. We identified 1261 potential articles from the databases, and 426 articles remained after removing the duplicate and unrelated studies. After evaluating the full text, 52 articles were removed.ResultsFinally, 19 eligible studies including 17,670 pregnant women included for meta-analysis. The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in Iranian pregnant women was 18.10 (95CI: 13.89-23.25). The prevalence of hypothyroidism, clinical hypothyroidism, and subclinical hypothyroidism in Iranian pregnant women was respectively estimated to be 13.01 (95CI: 9.15-18.17), 1.35 (95CI: 0.97-1.86) and 11.90 (95CI: 7.40-18.57). The prevalence of hyperthyroidism, clinical hyperthyroidism, and subclinical hyperthyroidism in Iranian pregnant women was respectively estimated to be 3.31 (95CI: 1.62-6.61), 1.06 (95CI: 0.61-1.84) and 2.56 (95CI: 0.90-7.05). The prevalence of anti-thyroperoxidase antibody was estimated to be 11.68 (95CI: 7.92-16.89).ConclusionThe results of this meta-analysis showed a high prevalence of thyroid disorders, especially hypothyroidism. The decision to recommend thyroid screening during pregnancy for all women is still under debate, because the positive effects of treatment on pregnancy outcomes must be ensured. On the other hand, evidence about the effect of thyroid screening and treatment of thyroid disorders on pregnancy outcomes is still insufficient. Nevertheless, a large percentage of general practitioners, obstetricians and gynecologists perform screening procedures in Iran