Isobaric Multiplet Mass Equation within nuclear Density Functional Theory

We extend the nuclear Density Functional Theory (DFT) by including proton-neutron mixing and contact isospin-symmetry-breaking (ISB) terms up to next-to-leading order (NLO). Within this formalism, we perform systematic study of the nuclear mirror and triple displacement energies, or equivalently of the Isobaric Multiplet Mass Equation (IMME) coefficients. By comparing results with those obtained within the existing Green Function Monte Carlo (GFMC) calculations, we address the fundamental question of the physical origin of the ISB effects. This we achieve by analyzing separate contributions to IMME coefficients coming from the electromagnetic and nuclear ISB terms. We show that the ISB DFT and GFMC results agree reasonably well, and that they describe experimental data with a comparable quality. Since the separate electromagnetic and nuclear ISB contributions also agree, we conclude that the beyond-mean-field electromagnetic effects may not play a dominant role in describing the ISB effects in finite nuclei

Mirror and triplet displacement energies within nuclear DFT : Numerical stability

Isospin-symmetry-violating class II and III contact terms are introduced into the Skyrme energy density functional to account for charge dependence of the strong nuclear interaction. The two new coupling constants are adjusted to available experimental data on triplet and mirror displacement energies, respectively. We present preliminary results of the fit, focusing on its numerical stability with respect to the basis size.Peer reviewe

Isospin-symmetry breaking in masses of N similar or equal to Z nuclei

Effects of the isospin-symmetry breaking (ISB) beyond mean-field Coulomb terms are systematically studied in nuclear masses near the N = Z line. The Coulomb exchange contributions are calculated exactly. We use extended Skyrme energy density functionals (EDFs) with proton-neutron-mixed densities, to which we add new terms breaking the isospin symmetry. Two parameters associated with the new terms are determined by fitting mirror and triplet displacement energies (MDEs and TDEs) of isospin multiplets. The new EDFs reproduce MDEs for the T = 1/2 doublets and T= 1 triplets, and TDEs for the T= 1 triplets. Relative strengths of the obtained isospin-symmetry-breaking terms are not consistent with the differences in the NN scattering lengths, a(nn), a(pp), and a(np). Based on low-energy experimental data, it seems thus impossible to delineate the strong-force ISB effects from beyond-mean-field Coulomb-energy corrections. (C) 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Resource frugal optimizer for quantum machine learning

Quantum-enhanced data science, also known as quantum machine learning (QML), is of growing interest as an application of near-term quantum computers. Variational QML algorithms have the potential to solve practical problems on real hardware, particularly when involving quantum data. However, training these algorithms can be challenging and calls for tailored optimization procedures. Specifically, QML applications can require a large shot-count overhead due to the large datasets involved. In this work, we advocate for simultaneous random sampling over both the dataset as well as the measurement operators that define the loss function. We consider a highly general loss function that encompasses many QML applications, and we show how to construct an unbiased estimator of its gradient. This allows us to propose a shot-frugal gradient descent optimizer called Refoqus (REsource Frugal Optimizer for QUantum Stochastic gradient descent). Our numerics indicate that Refoqus can save several orders of magnitude in shot cost, even relative to optimizers that sample over measurement operators alone.Comment: 22 pages, 6 figures - extra quantum autoencoder results adde

Solution of the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov equations in the Cartesian deformed harmonic-oscillator basis. (VIII) HFODD (v2.73y) : A new version of the program

We describe the new version (v2.73y) of the code hfodd which solves the nuclear Skyrme HartreeFock or Skyrme HartreeFockBogolyubov problem by using the Cartesian deformed harmonic-oscillator basis. In the new version, we have implemented the following new features: (i) full protonneutron mixing in the particlehole channel for Skyrme functionals, (ii) the Gogny force in both particlehole and particleparticle channels, (iii) linear multi-constraint method at finite temperature, (iv) fission toolkit including the constraint on the number of particles in the neck between two fragments, calculation of the interaction energy between fragments, and calculation of the nuclear and Coulomb energy of each fragment, (v) the new version 200d of the code hfbtho, together with an enhanced interface between hfbtho and hfodd, (vi) parallel capabilities, significantly extended by adding several restart options for large-scale jobs, (vii) the Lipkin translational energy correction method with pairing, (viii) higher-order Lipkin particle-number corrections, (ix) interface to a program plotting single-particle energies or Routhians, (x) strong-force isospin-symmetry-breaking terms, and (xi) the Augmented Lagrangian Method for calculations with 3D constraints on angular momentum and isospin. Finally, an important bug related to the calculation of the entropy at finite temperature and several other little significant errors of the previous published version were corrected. Program summary Title of the program:hfodd (v2.73y) Program Files doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/3b28fs62wc.1 Licensing provisions: GPL v3 Programming language: FORTRAN-90 Journal reference of previous version: N. Schunck, J. Dobaczewski, J. McDonnell, W. Satula, J. Sheikh, A. Staszczak, M. Stoitsov, and P. Toivanen, Comput. Phys. Comm. 183 (2012) 166-192. Does the new version supersede the previous one: Yes Nature of problem: The nuclear mean field and an analysis of its symmetries in realistic cases are the main ingredients of a description of nuclear states. For the density functional generated by a zero-range velocity-dependent Skyrme interaction, the nuclear mean field is quasilocal. This allows for an effective and fast solution of the self-consistent HartreeFock equations, even for heavy nuclei, and for various nucleonic (n-particle n-hole) configurations, deformations, excitation energies, or angular momenta. Similarly, the local particleparticle density functional, generated by a zero-range interaction, allows for a simple implementation of pairing effects within the HartreeFockBogolyubov method. For finite-range interactions, like Coulomb, Yukawa, or Gogny interaction, the nuclear mean field becomes nonlocal, but using the spatial separability of the deformed harmonic-oscillator basis in three Cartesian directions, the self-consistent calculations can be efficiently performed. Solution method: The program uses the Cartesian harmonic oscillator basis to expand single-particle or single-quasiparticle wave functions of neutrons and protons interacting by means of the Skyrme or Gogny effective interactions and zero-range or finite-range pairing interactions. The expansion coefficients are determined by the iterative diagonalization of the mean-field Hamiltonians or Routhians which depend non-linearly on the local or nonlocal neutron, proton, or mixed protonneutron densities. Suitable constraints are used to obtain states corresponding to a given configuration, deformation or angular momentum. The method of solution has been presented in: J. Dobaczewski and J. Dudek, Comput. Phys. Comm. 102 (1997) 166. Summary of revisions: 1.Full proton-neutron mixing in the particlehole channel for Skyrme functionals was implemented. 2.The Gogny force was implemented in both particle-hole and particle-particle channels. 3.Linear multi-constraint method based on the cranking approximation of the QRPA matrix was extended at finite temperature. 4.Fission toolkit includes the constraint on the number of particles in the neck between two fragments, calculation of the interaction energy between fragments, and calculation of the nuclear and Coulomb energy of each fragment. 5.The HFBTHO module was updated to version 200d, and an enhanced interface between HFBTHO and HFODD was implemented. 6.Parallel capabilities were significantly extended by adding several restart options for large-scale jobs. 7.The Lipkin translational energy correction method with pairing was implemented. 8.Higher-order Lipkin particle-number corrections were implemented. 9.Interface to a program plotting single-particle energies or Routhians was added. 10.Strong-force isospin-symmetry-breaking terms were implemented. 11.The Augmented Lagrangian Method for calculations with 3D constraints on angular momentum and isospin was implemented. 12.An important bug related to the calculation of the entropy at finite temperature and several other little significant errors of the previous published version were corrected. Unusual features of the program: The user must have access to (i) the LAPACK subroutines zhpev, zhpevx, zheevr, or zheevd, which diagonalize complex hermitian matrices, (ii) the LAPACK subroutines dgetri and dgetrf which invert arbitrary real matrices, (iii) the LAPACK subroutines dsyevd, dsytrf and dsytri which compute eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of real symmetric matrices and (iv) the LINPACK subroutines zgedi and zgeco, which invert arbitrary complex matrices and calculate determinants, (v) the BLAS routines dcopy, dscal, dgeem and dgemv for double-precision linear algebra and zcopy, zdscal, zgeem and zgemv for complex linear algebra, or provide another set of subroutines that can perform such tasks. The BLAS and LAPACK subroutines can be obtained from the Netlib Repository at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville: http://netlib2.cs.utk.edu/. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe

Men, rheumatoid arthritis, psychosocial impact and self-management: A narrative review.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease affecting fewer men than women. We systematically reviewed the literature on impact and self-management of RA men. Twenty eight papers were included, and grouped into two categories: Psychosocial impact of RA; and Coping and self-management. This review finds gender differences relating to quality of life; work; distress; self-management; coping; and support. We conclude there is a dearth of literature focussing on RA men only, and mixed gender studies include insufficient men to draw strong conclusions about men. Thus, further research is needed to understand the support needs of men with RA in depth

Анализ разработки и выбора способа эксплуатации Сугмутского нефтяного месторождения (ЯНАО)

Целью данной выпускной квалификационной работы является изучение состояния разработки месторождения, степени реализации проектных решений и предложения по совершенствованию процесса разработки месторожденияThe purpose of this final qualifying work is to study the state of development, the degree of implementation of design solutions and proposals for improving the development of field

High-precision mass measurements and production of neutron-deficient isotopes using heavy-ion beams at IGISOL

An upgraded ion-guide system for the production of neutron-deficient isotopes with heavy-ion beams has been commissioned at the IGISOL facility with an Ar-36 beam on a Ni-nat target. It was used together with the JYFLTRAP double Penning trap to measure the masses of Zr-82, Nb-84, Mo-86, Tc-88, and Ru-89 ground states and the isomeric state Tc-88(m). Of these, Ru-89 and Tc-88(m) weremeasured for the first time. The precision of measurements of Zr-82, Nb-84, and Tc-88 was significantly improved. The literature value for Mo-86 was verified. The measured states in Tc-88 were compared to shell-model calculations and additional constraints on the spins and level scheme were obtained. The masses of Mo-82 and Ru-86 have been predicted using the measured masses of their mirror partners and theoretical mirror displacement energies, resulting in more tightly bound nuclei with smaller atomic mass uncertainties than reported in the literature.Peer reviewe

Krüppel-Like Factor 6 Expression Changes during Trophoblast Syncytialization and Transactivates ßhCG and PSG Placental Genes

BACKGROUND: Krüppel-like factor-6 (KLF6) is a widely expressed member of the Sp1/KLF family of transcriptional regulators involved in differentiation, cell cycle control and proliferation in several cell systems. Even though the highest expression level of KLF6 has been detected in human and mice placenta, its function in trophoblast physiology is still unknown. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Herein, we explored KLF6 expression and sub-cellular distribution in human trophoblast cells differentiating into the syncytial pathway, and its role in the regulation of genes associated with placental development and pregnancy maintenance. Confocal immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated that KLF6 is expressed throughout human cytotrophoblast differentiation showing no evident modifications in its nuclear and cytoplasmic localization pattern. KLF6 transcript and protein peaked early during the syncytialization process as determined by qRT-PCR and western blot assays. Overexpression of KLF6 in trophoblast-derived JEG-3 cells showed a preferential nuclear signal correlating with enhanced expression of human β-chorionic gonadotropin (βhCG) and pregnancy-specific glycoprotein (PSG) genes. Moreover, KLF6 transactivated βhCG5, PSG5 and PSG3 gene promoters. Deletion of KLF6 Zn-finger DNA binding domain or mutation of the consensus KLF6 binding site abolished transactivation of the PSG5 promoter. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Results are consistent with KLF6 playing a role as transcriptional regulator of relevant genes for placental differentiation and physiology such as βhCG and PSG, in agreement with an early and transient increase of KLF6 expression during trophoblast syncytialization

Isolation and Characterization of Human Trophoblast Side-Population (SP) Cells in Primary Villous Cytotrophoblasts and HTR-8/SVneo Cell Line

Recently, numerous studies have identified that immature cell populations including stem cells and progenitor cells can be found among “side-population” (SP) cells. Although SP cells isolated from some adult tissues have been reported elsewhere, isolation and characterization of human trophoblast SP remained to be reported. In this study, HTR-8/SVneo cells and human primary villous cytotrophoblasts (vCTBs) were stained with Hoechst 33342 and SP and non-SP (NSP) fractions were isolated using a cell sorter. A small population of SP cells was identified in HTR-8/SVneo cells and in vCTBs. SP cells expressed several vCTB-specific markers and failed to express syncytiotrophoblast (STB) or extravillous cytotrophopblast (EVT)-specific differentiation markers. SP cells formed colonies and proliferated on mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) feeder cells or in MEF conditioned medium supplemented with heparin/FGF2, and they also showed long-term repopulating property. SP cells could differentiate into both STB and EVT cell lineages and expressed several differentiation markers. Microarray analysis revealed that IL7R and IL1R2 were exclusively expressed in SP cells and not in NSP cells. vCTB cells sorted as positive for both IL7R and IL1R2 failed to express trophoblast differentiation markers and spontaneously differentiated into both STB and EVT in basal medium. These features shown by the SP cells suggested that IL7R and IL1R2 are available as markers to detect the SP cells and that vCTB progenitor cells and trophoblast stem cells were involved in the SP cell population