87 research outputs found
Review of the Commission Decision 2010/477/EU concerning MSFD criteria for assessing Good Environmental Status, Descriptor 7
This report represents the result of the scientific and technical review of Commission Decision 2010/477/EU in relation to Descriptor 7. The review has been carried out by the EC JRC together with experts nominated by EU Member States, and has considered contributions from the GES Working Group in accordance with the roadmap set out in the MSFD implementation strategy (agreed on at the 11th CIS MSCG meeting).
The report is one of a series of reports (review manuals) including Descriptor 1, 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 that conclude phase 1 of the review process and, as agreed within the MSFD Common Implementation Strategy, are the basis for review phase 2, towards an eventual revision of the Commission Decision 2010/477/EU.
The report presents the state of the technical discussions as of 30 April 2015 (document version 7.0: ComDecRev_D7_V7.0_FINAL.docx), as some discussions are ongoing, it does not contain agreed conclusions on all issues.
The document does not represent an official, formal position of any of the Member States and the views expressed in the document are not to be taken as representing the views of the European Commission.JRC.H.1-Water Resource
European Red List of Habitats Part 1. Marine habitats
The European Red List of Habitats provides an overview of the risk of collapse (degree of endangerment) of marine, terrestrial and freshwater habitats in the European Union (EU28) and adjacent regions (EU28+), based on a consistent set of categories and criteria, and detailed data and expert knowledge from involved countries1. A total of 257 benthic marine habitat types were assessed. In total, 19% (EU28) and 18% (EU28+) of the evaluated habitats were assessed as threatened in categories Critically Endangered, Endangered and Vulnerable. An additional 12% were Near Threatened in the EU28 and 11% in the EU28+. These figures are approximately doubled if Data Deficient habitats are excluded. The percentage of threatened habitat types differs across the regional seas. The highest proportion of threatened habitats in the EU28 was found in the Mediterranean Sea (32%), followed by the North-East Atlantic (23%), the Black Sea (13%) and then the Baltic Sea (8%). There was a similar pattern in the EU28+. The most frequently cited pressures and threats were similar across the four regional seas: pollution (eutrophication), biological resource use other than agriculture or forestry (mainly fishing but also aquaculture), natural system modifications (e.g. dredging and sea defence works), urbanisation and climate change. Even for habitats where the assessment outcome was Data Deficient, the Red List assessment process has resulted in the compilation of a substantial body of useful information to support the conservation of marine habitats
Iridium PC<sub>sp3</sub>Pâtype Complexes with a Hemilabile Anisole Tether
A series
of iridium PC<sub>sp3</sub>P complexes based on bisÂ(2-diisopropylphosphinophenyl)-2-anisoylmethane
(PC<sup>anis</sup>HP) is reported. (PC<sup>anis</sup>P)ÂIrÂ(H)Cl was
generated from the CâH activation of the backbone by [IrÂ(COD)ÂCl]<sub>2</sub> (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene), while the dihydride (PC<sup>anis</sup>P)ÂIrÂ(H)<sub>2</sub> was generated by hydride metathesis from (PC<sup>anis</sup>P)ÂIrÂ(H)ÂCl. Both complexes are 18e octahedral complexes
and water stable. The hemilability of the anisole tether was probed
using CO and PMe<sub>3</sub>; multiple isomers, in which the anisole
substituent was displaced, were generated, showing the flexibility
of the ligand backbone. (PC<sup>anis</sup>P)ÂIrÂ(H)<sub>2</sub> showed
deuterium incorporation in the hydride, backbone, and anisole positions
upon moderate heating in C<sub>6</sub>D<sub>6</sub>. Both (PC<sup>anis</sup>P)ÂIrÂ(H)Cl and (PC<sup>anis</sup>P)ÂIrÂ(H)<sub>2</sub> were
precatalysts for transfer dehydrogenation of cyclooctane under moderate
conditions
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