Effect Of Dietary Phosphorus On Protein Intake And Productive Protein Value Of Young Hybrid African Catfish (Pisces: Clariidae)

Three hundred and sixty four weeks old advanced fry of the hybrid African catfish (Clarias gariepinus (♀) x H. Heterobranchus bidorsalis (♂)) (mean weight, 1.25 ± 0.02 g) were obtained from the hatchery of the African Regional Aquaculture Centre (ARAC), Port Harcourt, Nigeria and held in 15 aerator-fitted glass tanks (55 x 30 x 30 cm3 0.05) of increasing the dietary P level on the response of fish to FFW, FCR, PI and PPV. Key words: Catfish hybrid, dietary phosphorus level, protein intake, productive protein value, protein deposition. Journal Of Agriculture And Social Research Vol. 5 (1) 2005: 18-2

Nutrient Utilization And Growth Responses Of The Frys Of The African Hybrid Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus X Heterobranchus Bidorsalis) To Inorganic Phosphorus Supplements

Sixteen triplicate diets each supplemented with either of 4 inorganic phosphorus (P) sources (monosodium phosphate, monopotassium phosphate, monocalcium phosphate and dicalcium phosphate) at 0.40%, 0.60%, 0.80% or 1.20% level were fed to frys of the African hybrid catfish (Clarias gariepinus x Heterobranchus bidorsalis) (weighing 2.80 ± 0.11 g) at 5% body weight in aquaria for 70 days. A non-P-supplemented diet and a purified diet served as controls. Growth of fish was monitored by weekly protein intake, protein efficiency ratio, nitrogen metabolism, feed conversion, specific growth rate and gain or loss of tissue protein. Proximate composition of the diet was determined. The results showed that the parameters varied significantly (P < 0.05) among (a) the 18 test diets, (b) the sources of inorganic phosphorus and (c) the duration of experiment. The results also indicated that monosodium phosphate was a better source of inorganic phosphorus supplement in the hybrid's diets than other sources. The hybrids responded nutritionally better to control diets than the P-supplemented diets. Key words: Inorganic dietary phosphorus, African hybrid catfish, monosodium phosphate Journal Of Agriculture And Social Research Vol. 5 (1) 2005: 107-117 107

Obesity in adult Nigerians: A study of its pattern and common primary co-morbidities in a rural Mission General Hospital in Imo state, south-eastern Nigeria

Objectives: This study was generally aimed at determining the prevalence and pattern of obesity using body mass index (BMI) criterion and specifically screening for its common primary co-morbidities among adult Nigerians attending a rural Mission General Hospital in Imo state, South-Eastern Nigeria.Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was carried out from June 2008 to May 2009. A total of 2156 consecutive new adult patients aged 18-90 years were screened for obesity using the BMI criterion, and 129 patients had BMI &ge;30 kg/m2 and met the inclusion criteria. The data collected included age, sex, marital status, education, occupation, social class, weight, height and blood pressure, fasting blood sugar and lipid profile.Results: The prevalence of obesity was 6.0%, with class I obesity (86.1%) being the most common pattern. Hypertension (16.3%) was the most common primary co-morbidity; others included low high-density lipoprotein &mdash;cholesterol (21.7%), high low-density lipoprotein&mdash;cholesterol (9.3%), high total cholesterol (7.8%), high triglyceridemia (4.7%) and diabetes mellitus (3.9%).Conclusions: This study has shown that obesity and its primary co-morbidities are emerging as a serious health problem among the study population, with class I obesity being the most common pattern and hypertension being the most common primary co-morbidity. Anthropometric determination of obesity and screening for its common primary co-morbidities should be integrated as part of the clinic baseline assessment of adult Nigerians attending rural hospitals to facilitate their early detection and institutionalization of appropriate preventive and therapeutic measures

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Toxicity of chromium, copper and zinc to freshwater clam (Galatea paradoxa) (Born, 1778) (Bivalvai, Donacidae))

The toxicity of copper (Cu), Chromium (Cr) and Zinc (Zn) on freshwater clam, Galatea paradoxa Born (=Egerea radiate Lamarck was investigated in three static bioassays for 96 hours. The three toxicants were introduced at 0.5, 1.0, 10.0, and 15.0mgL-1 concentration in river water to twelve (12) clams (mean weight: 250 ±0.2g) in 10litres capacity plastic basins. Three other basins devoid of any of the metals were used as control. The results revealed that death occurred in the water treated with toxicants but no death occurred in the control experiment, indicating that all deaths recorded were due to the toxicants. The 96-hour LC50 values obtained were 2.51mgL-1 for copper, 91.2mgL-1 for zinc indication that copper was most toxic to the clams followed by zinc and chromium.Bio-Research Vol. 3(1) 2005: 72-7

Pattern and outcome of presentation at the children emergency unit of a tertiary institution in the Niger delta region of Nigeria: A two year prospective study

No Abstract

solution growth and characterization of copper oxide thin films

Thin films of copper oxide (CuO) were grown on glass slides by using the solution growth technique. Copper cloride (CuCl ) and potassium telluride (K T O ) were used. Buffer 2 2e 3 solution was used as complexing agent. The solid state properties and optical properties were obtained from characterization done using PYE UNICAM (SP6-450) spectrophotometer.The band gap was computed when the absorption coefficient is zero and ranges from 4.624eV to 6.205eV