58,091 research outputs found
John F. Sonnett Memorial Lecture Series: The Attorney General: The Federal Government\u27s Chief Lawyer and Chief Litigator, or One Among Many?
Speaker introduction to a lecture by U.S. Attorney General Griffin B. Bell (1977-1979) and United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (1961-1976). A published version of this lecture can be found under Articles.https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/events_programs_sonnet_lectures/1015/thumbnail.jp
Jurisdictional Requirements in Suits for Which Class Action Status is Sought Under Rule 23(b)(3)
Quadrature domains and kernel function zipping
It is proved that quadrature domains are ubiquitous in a very strong sense in
the realm of smoothly bounded multiply connected domains in the plane. In fact,
they are so dense that one might as well assume that any given smooth domain
one is dealing with is a quadrature domain, and this allows access to a host of
strong conditions on the classical kernel functions associated to the domain.
Following this string of ideas leads to the discovery that the Bergman kernel
can be zipped down to a strikingly small data set. It is also proved that the
kernel functions associated to a quadrature domain must be algebraic.Comment: 13 pages, to appear in Arkiv for matemati
A filamentation instability for streaming cosmic-rays
We demonstrate that cosmic rays form filamentary structures in the precursors
of supernova remnant shocks due to their self-generated magnetic fields. The
cosmic-ray filamentation results in the growth of a long wavelength
instability, and naturally couples the rapid non-linear amplification on small
scales to larger length scales. Hybrid magnetohydrodynamics--particle
simulations are performed to confirm the effect. The resulting large scale
magnetic field may facilitate the scattering of high energy cosmic rays as
required to accelerate protons beyond the knee in the cosmic-ray spectrum at
supernova remnant shocks. Filamentation far upstream of the shock may also
assist in the escape of cosmic rays from the accelerator.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRA
Ethnic differences in adiposity and diabetes risk – insights from genetic studies
Type 2 diabetes is more common in non-Europeans and starts at a younger age and at lower BMI cut-offs. This review discusses the insights from genetic studies about pathophysiological mechanisms which determine risk of disease with a focus on the role of adiposity and body fat distribution in ethnic disparity in risk of type 2 diabetes. During the past decade, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 400 genetic variants associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. The Eurocentric nature of these genetic studies have made them less effective in identifying mechanisms that make non-Europeans more susceptible to higher risk of disease. One possible mechanism suggested by epidemiological studies is the role of ethnic difference in body fat distribution. Using genetic variants associated with an ability to store extra fat in a safe place, which is subcutaneous adipose tissue, we discuss how different ethnic groups could be genetically less susceptible to type 2 diabetes by developing a more favourable fat distribution
Calibration of the CH and CN Variations Among Main Sequence Stars in M71 and in M13
An analysis of the CN and CH band strengths measured in a large sample of M71
and M13 main sequence stars by Cohen (1999a,b) is undertaken using synthetic
spectra to quantify the underlying C and N abundances. In the case of M71 it is
found that the observed CN and CH band strengths are best matched by the
{\it{identical}} C/N/O abundances which fit the bright giants, implying: 1)
little if any mixing is taking place during red giant branch ascent in M71, and
2) a substantial component of the C and N abundance inhomogeneities is in place
before the main sequence turn-off. The unlikelihood of mixing while on the main
sequence requires an explanation for the abundance variations which lies
outside the present stars (primordial inhomogeneities or intra-cluster self
enrichment). For M13 it is shown that the 3883\AA CN bands are too weak to be
measured in the spectra for any reasonable set of expected compositions. A
similar situation exists for CH as well. However, two of the more luminous
program stars do appear to have C abundances considerably greater than those
found among the bright giants thereby suggesting deep mixing has taken place on
the M13 red giant branch.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication by A
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