Estimation of the Distribution of Hourly Pay from Household Survey Data: The Use of Missing Data Methods to Handle Measurement Error

Measurement errors in survey data on hourly pay may lead to serious upward bias in low pay estimates. We consider how to correct for this bias when auxiliary accurately measured data are available for a subsample. An application to the UK Labour Force Survey is described. The use of fractional imputation, nearest neighbour imputation, predictive mean matching and propensity score weighting are considered. Properties of point estimators are compared both theoretically and by simulation. A fractional predictive mean matching imputation approach is advocated. It performs similarly to propensity score weighting, but displays slight advantages of robustness and efficiency.

A typology of research methods within the Social Sciences

This paper discusses and develops a typology of research methods in the social sciences. Such a typology will be relevant for various aspects of the work of the ESRC National Centre for Research Methods (NCRM) as well as other ESRC initiatives and the wider social science research community. It may be useful, for example, for the prioritisation of research methods, for defining the current focus of research, for the identification of needs for further training and research within certain areas and for a classification of research projects and funding schemes. This paper describes other approaches to such a classification, in particular the thesaurus of social research methodology developed by the SRM-Documentation Centre at the University Rotterdam. It is apparent that there is not a unique classification scheme and that various approaches to such a classification are possible. Aims and possible uses of the typology developed here are discussed. Some justification for the chosen structure is presented. Difficulties encountered in the development of the typology are described

Dungeons and Dreams: The Children and Nightmares of Emily and Anne Bronte\u27s Gondal Poetry

It has long been acknowledged that Anne Bronte played a part in the saga of the imaginary world of Gondal, but more attention has been given to her sister Emily\u27s role in creating the world. Each sister\u27s Gondal poetry, however, is important: the poetry signals much about how each sister dealt with the world around her, demonstrates how adulty rather than childish Gondal became, and indicates how realistic each sister\u27s escapist world actually was. Indeed, in grappling with their changing nineteenth centruy world, Anne clung to the hopeful remains of Romanticism while Emily blended and denied both Romanticism and Victorianism. Significantly, too, if Gondal was at all escapist, it was more successfully so for Anne, who, unlike her sister, could dream without nightmare. Overall, this study endeavors to discover that dialogue which surfaced through the sisters\u27 reactions to their world, most notably through the very different views -- Emily\u27s pessimistic and Anne\u27s optimistic --such reactions encouraged on the same themes of children and dreams. It looks to unearth the very real hope and despair which surrounded the very unreal Gondal and its children and dreams

Translation termination depends on the sequential ribosomal entry of eRF1 and eRF3.

Translation termination requires eRF1 and eRF3 for polypeptide-and tRNA-release on stop codons. Additionally, Dbp5/DDX19 and Rli1/ABCE1 are required; however, their function in this process is currently unknown. Using a combination of in vivo and in vitro experiments, we show that they regulate a stepwise assembly of the termination complex. Rli1 and eRF3-GDP associate with the ribosome first. Subsequently, Dbp5-ATP delivers eRF1 to the stop codon and in this way prevents a premature access of eRF3. Dbp5 dissociates upon placing eRF1 through ATP-hydrolysis. This in turn enables eRF1 to contact eRF3, as the binding of Dbp5 and eRF3 to eRF1 is mutually exclusive. Defects in the Dbp5-guided eRF1 delivery lead to premature contact and premature dissociation of eRF1 and eRF3 from the ribosome and to subsequent stop codon readthrough. Thus, the stepwise Dbp5-controlled termination complex assembly is essential for regular translation termination events. Our data furthermore suggest a possible role of Dbp5/DDX19 in alternative translation termination events, such as during stress response or in developmental processes, which classifies the helicase as a potential drug target for nonsense suppression therapy to treat cancer and neurodegenerative diseases

Die Konnotationen des Schlaganfalls:Einflussfaktoren auf die Krankheitswahrnehmung des Schlaganfalls

Hintergrund: Die Krankheitswahrnehmung des Patienten hat einen großen Einfluss auf das funktionelle und psychische Outcome.Studie: Es wurden 101 Schlaganfall-Patienten aus den Stroke-Units in Münster drei Monate nach dem Schlaganfall mittels eines Fragebogens befragt, der Skalen zur Krankheitswahrnehmung (Brief-Illness Perception Questionnaire), zur Lebensqualität (EuroQual-5D), zur Depressivität und zur Angst (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) enthielt.Ergebnisse: Schicksalhaftigkeit ist für den Patienten das prägende Merkmal des Schlaganfalls. Stress wird als eine Hauptursache angesehen. Es besteht eine große Angst vor einem Rezidiv. 40% der Patienten weisen eine depressive Symptomatik oder Angststörung auf. Angst führt zu einer gesteigerten Symptomwahrnehmung und somit zu einer negativen Krankheitswahrnehmung. Diese steht in Zusammenhang mit Depressivität.Schlussfolgerung: Aufklärungskampagnen sollten zum Ziel haben, die Krankheit Schlaganfall zu „entemotionalisieren“.<br/

Evaluation through laboratory studies : impact of the material to be excavated from the Illinois SSC tunnel on surface water and groundwater supplies

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Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon and prenatal counseling: a case series.

Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon can be encountered in the perinatal period. No consensus exists regarding prenatal management. We report one prenatal case leading to therapeutic abortion and one neonatal case, successfully treated by a multimodal therapy. Prenatal counseling should include the possibility of neonatal multimodal treatment that can lead to favorable outcomes