'The task of Fort Hare in terms of the Transkei and Ciskei': educational planning at Fort Hare in the 1960's

Paper presented at the Wits History Workshop: Structure and Experience in the Making of Apartheid, 6-10 February, 1990This paper examines government intervention at Fort Hare after 1960. The first part of the paper will examine how the Department of Bantu Education and the new administrators of the college tried to transform Fort Hare into an institution where students were prepared, in terms both of skill and attitude, for a political future in the homelands; the second part of the paper accesses the success of this project, by examining courses of study chosen by students, their pass rates and where graduates were employed

Tracking ocean wave spectrum from SAR images

An end to end algorithm for recovery of ocean wave spectral peaks from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images is described. Current approaches allow precisions of 1 percent in wave number, and 0.6 deg in direction

Registration of WS4U and WS8U Switchgrass Germplasms

Two upland switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) germplasm pools, WS4U (Reg. no. GP-92, PI 639191) and WS8U (Reg. no. GP-93, PI 639192), were released cooperatively on 18 July 2002 by the University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska, and the USDA-ARS, Lincoln, NE. These germplasms were developed as source material to be used in developing cultivars with increased biomass yield and geographic adaptation for bioenergy production in USDA hardiness zones 3 and 4 in the northern USA and similar geographic regions of southern Canada. WS4U is a tetraploid (2n = 4x = 36) and WS8U is an octoploid (2n = 8x = 72)

Plasma Properties in the Plume of a Hall Thruster Cluster

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76225/1/AIAA-3765-486.pd

A prototype system for observing the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation - scientific basis, measurement and risk mitigation strategies, and first results

The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) carries up to one quarter of the global northward heat transport in the Subtropical North Atlantic. A system monitoring the strength of the MOC volume transport has been operating since April 2004. The core of this system is an array of moored sensors measuring density, bottom pressure and ocean currents. A strategy to mitigate risks of possible partial failures of the array is presented, relying on backup and complementary measurements. The MOC is decomposed into five components, making use of the continuous moored observations, and of cable measurements across the Straits of Florida, and wind stress data. The components compensate for each other, indicating that the system is working reliably. The year-long average strength of the MOC is 18.7±5.6 Sv, with wind-driven and density-inferred transports contributing equally to the variability. Numerical simulations suggest that the surprisingly fast density changes at the western boundary are partially linked to westward propagating planetary wave

A Novel Lactic Acid Bacteria Mixture: Macrophage-Targeted Prophylactic Intervention in Colorectal Cancer Management

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common forms of cancer. Its onset from chronic inflammation is widely accepted. Moreover, dysbiosis plays an undeniable role, thus the use of probiotics in CRC has been suggested. They exhibit both anti- and pro-inflammatory properties and restore balance in the microbiota. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory properties of six lactobacilli with probiotic features in an in vitro model of macrophage-like cells and to test these pooled probiotics for their anti-tumour properties in a chemically induced CRC model using Wistar male rats. Upon co-culture of M1- and M2-like macrophages with lactobacilli, cytokine release (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-23) and phagocytic activity using fluorescent-labelled bacteria were tested. The effects of orally administered probiotics on basic cancer and immune parameters and cytokine concentration (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-18) in colon tumours were studied. Tested lactobacilli exhibited both pro- and anti-inflammatory properties in in vitro conditions. In vivo study showed that the administration of probiotics was able to decrease multiplicity, volume and total tumour numbers, restore colon length (p &lt; 0.05) and increase IL-18 production (p &lt; 0.05) in tumour tissue. These data indicate both an immunomodulatory effect of probiotics on distinct macrophage subsets and a protective effect against chemically-induced CRC.</jats:p

Universality in Heavy Fermions Revisited

A previous scaling analysis of pressure experiments in heavy fermion is reviewed and enlarged. We show that the critical exponents obtained from this analysis indicate that a one-parameter scaling describes these experiments. We obtain explicitly the enhancemente factors showing that these systems are indeed near criticality and that the scaling approach is appropriate. The physics responsible for the one-parameter scaling and breakdown of hyperscaling is clarified. We discuss a microsocopic theory that is in agreement with the experiments. The scaling theory is generalized for the case the shift and crossover exponents are different. The exponents governing the physical behavior along the non-Fermi liquid trajectory are obtained for this case.Comment: 7 pages, Latex, 3 Postscript figures, to be published in Physical Review

Behavior studies related to pesticides: Agricultural chemicals and Iowa agricultural-chemical dealers

The agricultural sector of the United States economy has long been recognized for its productive capacity and relative efficiency. This has resulted in abundant, high-quality, and relatively low-cost food and fiber. Many factors have made contributions to this phenomenon: adequate natural resources, research and resulting technology, the ready availability of this technology to farmers, available capital and labor, and the entrepreneurial ability of the American farmer to combine these resources efficiently. One type of research and technology that has made a major contribution to the productive capacity and efficiency is that which relates to agricultural chemicals — pesticides for the control of insects, weeds, and diseases. The positive contribution of agricultural chemicals is generally accepted and can be validated. However, there is an expressed concern regarding the possible consequences of improper use of agricultural chemicals that might result in danger to the user, crops, livestock, aquatic and wildlife, and to the ultimate consumer of food products. In its extreme form this concern is expressed in terms of strict control or the abolition of the use of agricultural chemicals. Other proposals call for much stricter control over the clearance, sale, and use of chemicals

Motor sequence learning in children with recovered and persistent developmental stuttering: preliminary findings

PURPOSE: Previous studies have associated developmental stuttering with difficulty learning new motor skills. We investigated non-speech motor sequence learning in children with persistent developmental stuttering (CWS), children who have recovered from developmental stuttering (CRS) and typically developing controls (CON). METHODS: Over the course of two days, participants completed the Multi-Finger Sequencing Task, consisting of repeated trials of a10-element sequence, interspersed with trials of random sequences of the same length. We evaluated motor sequence learning using accuracy and response synchrony, a timing measure for evaluation of sequencing timing. We examined error types as well as recognition and recall of the repeated sequences. RESULTS: CWS demonstrated lower performance accuracy than CON and CRS on the first day of the finger tapping experiment but improved to the performance level of CON and CRS on the second day. Response synchrony showed no overall difference among CWS, CRS and CON. Learning scores of repeated sequences did not differ from learning scores of random sequences in CWS, CRS and CON. CON and CRS demonstrated an adaptive strategy to response errors, whereas CWS maintained a high percentage of corrected errors for both days. CONCLUSIONS: Our study examined non-speech sequence learning across CWS, CRS and CON. Our preliminary findings support the idea that developmental stuttering is not associated with sequence learning per se but rather with general fine motor performance difficulties