709 research outputs found
Six and seven loop Konishi from Luscher corrections
In the present paper we derive six and seven loop formulas for the anomalous
dimension of the Konishi operator in N=4 SYM from string theory using the
technique of Luscher corrections. We derive analytically the integrand using
the worldsheet S-matrix and evaluate the resulting integral and infinite sum
using a combination of high precision numerical integration and asymptotic
expansion. We use this high precision numerical result to fit the integer
coefficients of zeta values in the final analytical answer. The presented six
and seven loop results can be used as a cross-check with FiNLIE on the string
theory side, or with direct gauge theory computations. The seven loop level is
the theoretical limit of this Luscher approach as at eight loops
double-wrapping corrections will appear.Comment: 18 pages, typos correcte
SUMO-Specific Protease 2 (SENP2) Is an Important Regulator of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle
Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-specific proteases (SENPs) that reverse protein modification by SUMO are involved in the control of numerous cellular processes, including transcription, cell division, and cancer development. However, the physiological function of SENPs in energy metabolism remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of SENP2 in fatty acid metabolism in C2C12 myotubes and in vivo. In C2C12 myotubes, treatment with saturated fatty acids, like palmitate, led to nuclear factor-B-mediated increase in the expression of SENP2. This increase promoted the recruitment of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and PPAR, through desumoylation of PPARs, to the promoters of the genes involved in fatty acid oxidation (FAO), such as carnitine-palmitoyl transferase-1 (CPT1b) and long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1 (ACSL1). In addition, SENP2 overexpression substantially increased FAO in C2C12 myotubes. Consistent with the cell culture system, muscle-specific SENP2 overexpression led to a marked increase in the mRNA levels of CPT1b and ACSL1 and thereby in FAO in the skeletal muscle, which ultimately alleviated high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Collectively, these data identify SENP2 as an important regulator of fatty acid metabolism in skeletal muscle and further implicate that muscle SENP2 could be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity-linked metabolic disorders.11116Ysciescopu
Hybrid-NLIE for the AdS/CFT spectral problem
Hybrid-NLIE equations, an alternative finite NLIE description for the
spectral problem of the super sigma model of AdS/CFT and its gamma-deformations
are derived by replacing the semi-infinite SU(2) and SU(4) parts of the AdS/CFT
TBA equations by a few appropriately chosen complex NLIE variables, which are
coupled among themselves and to the Y-functions associated to the remaining
central nodes of the TBA diagram. The integral equations are written explicitly
for the ground state of the gamma-deformed system. We linearize these NLIE
equations, analytically calculate the first correction to the asymptotic
solution and find agreement with analogous results coming from the original TBA
formalism. Our equations differ substantially from the recently published
finite FiNLIE formulation of the spectral problem.Comment: 63 pages, 1 figur
Repressing Anarchy in Neutrino Mass Textures
The recent results that is relatively large, of the order of
the previous upper bound, and the indications of a sizable deviation of
from the maximal value are in agreement with the predictions of
Anarchy in the lepton sector. The quark and charged lepton hierarchies can then
be reproduced in a SU(5) GUT context by attributing non-vanishing
charges, different for each family, only to the SU(5) tenplet states. The fact
that the observed mass hierarchies are stronger for up quarks than for down
quarks and charged leptons supports this idea. As discussed in the past, in the
flexible context of , different patterns of charges can
be adopted going from Anarchy to various types of hierarchy. We revisit this
approach by also considering new models and we compare all versions to the
present data. As a result we confirm that, by relaxing the extreme ansatz of
equal charges for all SU(5) pentaplets and singlets, better
agreement with the data than for Anarchy is obtained without increasing the
model complexity. We also present the distributions obtained in the different
models for the Dirac CP-violating phase. Finally we discuss the relative merits
of these simple models.Comment: v1: 12 pages, 3 figures; v2: 13 pages, 3 figures, text improved,
matches version accepted for publication; v3: submitted to add an
acknowledgment to a networ
Constraining New Physics with a Positive or Negative Signal of Neutrino-less Double Beta Decay
We investigate numerically how accurately one could constrain the strengths
of different short-range contributions to neutrino-less double beta decay in
effective field theory. Depending on the outcome of near-future experiments
yielding information on the neutrino masses, the corresponding bounds or
estimates can be stronger or weaker. A particularly interesting case, resulting
in strong bounds, would be a positive signal of neutrino-less double beta decay
that is consistent with complementary information from neutrino oscillation
experiments, kinematical determinations of the neutrino mass, and measurements
of the sum of light neutrino masses from cosmological observations. The keys to
more robust bounds are improvements of the knowledge of the nuclear physics
involved and a better experimental accuracy.Comment: 23 pages, 3 figures. Minor changes. Matches version published in JHE
Interplay of LFV and slepton mass splittings at the LHC as a probe of the SUSY seesaw
We study the impact of a type-I SUSY seesaw concerning lepton flavour
violation (LFV) both at low-energies and at the LHC. The study of the di-lepton
invariant mass distribution at the LHC allows to reconstruct some of the masses
of the different sparticles involved in a decay chain. In particular, the
combination with other observables renders feasible the reconstruction of the
masses of the intermediate sleptons involved in decays. Slepton mass splittings can be either
interpreted as a signal of non-universality in the SUSY soft breaking-terms
(signalling a deviation from constrained scenarios as the cMSSM) or as being
due to the violation of lepton flavour. In the latter case, in addition to
these high-energy processes, one expects further low-energy manifestations of
LFV such as radiative and three-body lepton decays. Under the assumption of a
type-I seesaw as the source of neutrino masses and mixings, all these LFV
observables are related. Working in the framework of the cMSSM extended by
three right-handed neutrino superfields, we conduct a systematic analysis
addressing the simultaneous implications of the SUSY seesaw for both high- and
low-energy lepton flavour violation. We discuss how the confrontation of
slepton mass splittings as observed at the LHC and low-energy LFV observables
may provide important information about the underlying mechanism of LFV.Comment: 50 pages, 42 eps Figures, typos correcte
Numerical results for the exact spectrum of planar AdS4/CFT3
We compute the anomalous dimension for a short single-trace operator in
planar ABJM theory at intermediate coupling. This is done by solving
numerically the set of Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz equations which are expected
to describe the exact spectrum of the theory. We implement a truncation method
which significantly reduces the number of integral equations to be solved and
improves numerical efficiency. Results are obtained for a range of 't Hooft
coupling lambda corresponding to , where h(lambda) is
the interpolating function of the AdS4/CFT3 Bethe equations.Comment: v3: corrected Acknowledgements section; v4: minor changes, published
version; v5: fixed typos in Eq. (3.9
Exceptional Operators in N=4 super Yang-Mills
We consider one particularly interesting class of composite gauge-invariant
operators in N=4 super Yang-Mills theory. An exceptional feature of these
operators is that in the Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz approach the one-loop
rapidities of the constituent magnons are shown to be exact in the 't Hooft
coupling constant. This is used to propose the mirror TBA description for these
operators. The proposal is shown to pass several non-trivial checks.Comment: 40 pages, 2 figures, 1 attached Mathematica noteboo
Strings on Semisymmetric Superspaces
Several string backgrounds which arise in the AdS/CFT correspondence are
described by integrable sigma-models. Their target space is always a Z(4)
supercoset (a semi-symmetric superspace). Here we list all semi-symmetric
cosets which have zero beta function and central charge c<=26 at one loop in
perturbation theory.Comment: 25 pages, 1 figur
Improving Clinical Outcomes and Quality of Life with Massage Therapy in Youth and Young Adults with Cystic Fibrosis: a Pilot Study
Background: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder of exocrine glands characterized by abnormal production of thick mucus, primar-ily in bronchi of the lungs. Individuals experience recurrent respiratory infections, increased work of breathing, cough and musculoskeletal changes with pain. Previous research found that massage therapy (MT) decreased pain, muscle tightness, and anxiety in individuals with CF, but did not use valid/reliable measurements of quality of life (QOL).Purpose: To evaluate the effects of MT on QOL and clinical outcomes in individuals 8 to 21 years old with CF. Setting: A 622-bed nonprofit pediatric hospital in Ohio in the United States.Participants: Convenience sample of 24 patients with CF; 12 randomly assigned to treatment and control groups, respectively. Research Design and Intervention: Prospective two-group controlled pre/post pilot study using deep tissue myofascial trigger point massage over 10 to 12 weeks.Measurements: Pediatric Quality of Life Inven-tory (Peds QL 4.0); Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised (CFQ-R); numeric rating scales (NRS) for pain, muscle tightness, ease of breathing, relax-ation; pulmonary function (PFT); single breath count; thoracic excursion (TE).Results: All participants were Caucasian; mean age 15.7 (SD = 3.5) years; 16 (66.6%) female. No significant differences were found in terms of age, gender, baseline pain between MT and control groups. At the final visit, compared to the control group, the children in MT group showed statistically significantly reduced muscle tight-ness (p = .048) with a large effect size (?²=0.163) and marginally statistically significantly higher levels of relaxation (p = .052), less pain (p = .076), and improved upper TE (p = .078) and lower TE (p = .056) scores with large and moderate effect sizes (?² = 0.156, ?² = 0.095, ?² = 0.083, and ?² = 0.073). No statistically significant differences in children’s and caregivers’ QOL scores between the two groups were found.Conclusions: Massage therapy was found to significantly reduce muscle tightness, marginally significantly help pain, relaxation, and thoracic excursion in participants with C
- …