Redução da quantidade de ração para suínos em terminação.

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Confronting cold dark matter cosmologies with strong clustering of Lyman break galaxies at z∼3z\sim3

We perform a detailed analysis of the statistical significance of a concentration of Lyman break galaxies at $z \sim 3$ recently discovered by Steidel et al. (1997), using a series of N-body simulations with $N=256^3$ particles in a (100\himpc)^3 comoving box. While the observed number density of Lyman break galaxies at $z\sim3$ implies that they correspond to systems with dark matter halos of \simlt 10^{12}M_\odot, the resulting clustering of such objects on average is not strong enough to be reconciled with the concentration if it is fairly common; we predict one similar concentration approximately per ($6\sim 10$) fields in three representative cold dark matter models. Considering the current observational uncertainty of the frequency of such clustering at $z\sim3$, it would be premature to rule out the models, but the future spectroscopic surveys in a dozen fields could definitely challenge all the existing cosmological models a posteriori fitted to the $z=0$ universe.Comment: the final version which matchs that published in ApJ Letters (Feb 1998); compared with the previous versions, the predictions for the SCDM model are slightly changed; Latex, 11 pages, including 3 ps figure

INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE AND ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION IN BRAZIL, 1945-2004 - FROM INDUSTRIAL CATCHING-UP TO FINANCIAL FRAGILITY

This paper tries to explain the dynamics of Brazilian industrial catch-up in the last 60 years by discussing its background institutional conditions as well as its main macroeconomic features. After a brief introduction, the second section describes how after the institutional innovations introduced during the Vargas's and Kubitschek's administrations, a Brazilian version of the Developmental State was created, releasing the growth potential of the economy during the 1950s. The third section analyses the inflationary crisis and institutional inertia of the mid-1960s, and its solution through the introduction of a new of wave of institutional innovations and conflict management devices, which lead to the Brazilian growth miracle, until the debt crisis of early 1980s signaled its end. The fourth section analyses why the financial crisis, coupled with ineffective institutional changes and unsuccessful macroeconomic stabilization plans lead growth to a halt. It also includes an analysis of the pro-market reforms from the early 1990s onwards. The fifth section concludes the paper offering a brief sketch on how the analytical narrative fits the conceptual framework within which it was carried.

The Effect of Radiative Cooling on the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Cluster Counts and Angular Power Spectrum: Analytic Treatment

Recently, the entropy excess detected in the central cores of groups and clusters has been successfully interpreted as being due to radiative cooling of the hot intragroup/intracluster gas. In such a scenario, the entropy floors $S_{\rm floor}$ in groups/clusters at any given redshift are completely determined by the conservation of energy. In combination with the equation of hydrostatic equilibrium and the universal density profile for dark matter, this allows us to derive the remaining gas distribution of groups and clusters after the cooled material is removed. Together with the Press-Schechter mass function we are able to evaluate effectively how radiative cooling can modify the predictions of SZ cluster counts and power spectrum. It appears that our analytic results are in good agreement with those found by hydrodynamical simulations. Namely, cooling leads to a moderate decrease of the predicted SZ cluster counts and power spectrum as compared with standard scenario. However, without taking into account energy feedback from star formation which may greatly suppress cooling efficiency, it is still premature to claim that this modification is significant for the cosmological applications of cluster SZ effect.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures, uses aastex.cls. ApJ accepte

Experimental analysis of lateral impact on planar brittle material: spatial properties of the cracks

The breakup of glass and alumina plates due to planar impacts on one of their lateral sides is studied. Particular attention is given to investigating the spatial location of the cracks within the plates. Analysis based on a phenomenological model suggests that bifurcations along the cracks' paths are more likely to take place closer to the impact region than far away from it, i. e., the bifurcation probability seems to lower as the perpendicular distance from the impacted lateral in- creases. It is also found that many observables are not sensitive to the plate material used in this work, as long as the fragment multiplicities corresponding to the fragmentation of the plates are similar. This gives support to the universal properties of the fragmentation process reported in for- mer experiments. However, even under the just mentioned circumstances, some spatial observables are capable of distinguishing the material of which the plates are made and, therefore, it suggests that this universality should be carefully investigated

Fontes alternativas de fósforo no desempenho e características dos ossos de suínos em crescimento e terminação.

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Morphology of travel routes and the organization of cities

This is the final version. Available from Nature Research via the DOI in this recordData availability. All data needed to evaluate the conclusions are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors and are also available at https://github.com/mlee96/inness_research.The city is a complex system that evolves through its inherent social and economic interactions. Mediating the movements of people and resources, urban street networks offer a spatial footprint of these activities. Of particular interest is the interplay between street structure and its functional usage. Here, we study the shape of 472,040 spatiotemporally optimized travel routes in the 92 most populated cities in the world, finding that their collective morphology exhibits a directional bias influenced by the attractive (or repulsive) forces resulting from congestion, accessibility, and travel demand. To capture this, we develop a simple geometric measure, inness, that maps this force field. In particular, cities with common inness patterns cluster together in groups that are correlated with their putative stage of urban development as measured by a series of socio-economic and infrastructural indicators, suggesting a strong connection between urban development, increasing physical connectivity, and diversity of road hierarchies.US Army Research OfficeNational Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science and ICTMinistry of Education of the Republic of Kore

Time-evolution of the Rule 150 cellular automaton activity from a Fibonacci iteration

The total activity of the single-seeded cellular rule 150 automaton does not follow a one-step iteration like other elementary cellular automata, but can be solved as a two-step vectorial, or string, iteration, which can be viewed as a generalization of Fibonacci iteration generating the time series from a sequence of vectors of increasing length. This allows to compute the total activity time series more efficiently than by simulating the whole spatio-temporal process, or even by using the closed expression.Comment: 4 pages (3 figs included