Analisis Kelayakan Finansial Usaha Perikanan Tangkap dengan Alat Tangkap Trammel Net di Kabupaten Rembang

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik usaha perikanan tangkap trammel net dan untuk menganalisis kelayakan usaha sisi finansial dari usaha perikanan tangkap trammel net di Kabupaten Rembang. Variabel kelayakan usaha finansial yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah NPV (net present value), IRR (internal rate of return), dan payback periods. Penelitian ini menggunakan kombinasi data primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usaha perikanan tangkap trammel net di Kabupaten Rembang merupakan usaha berskala mikro, dengan nilai investasi perahu rata-rata sebesar Rp 22,3 juta, nilai investasi alat tangkap rata-rata sebesar Rp 5,05 juta, dan nilai investasi mesin rata-rata sebesar Rp 4,92 juta, sedangkan biaya perawatan aset rata-rata sebesar Rp. 4,10 juta/tahun, biaya BBM rata-rata sebesar Rp. 12,96 juta/tahun, biaya es rata-rata sebesar Rp. 0,99 juta/tahun, biaya perbekalan rata-rata sebesar Rp. 6,40 juta/tahun dan raman kotor rata-rata sebesar Rp. 42,31 juta/tahun. Selain itu, juga dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa usaha perikanan tangkap trammel net di Kabupaten Rembang bersifat feasible karena NPV bernilai positif (Rp 44,3 juta) dalam 10 tahun periode operasi penangkapan ikan, IRR (52%) lebih besar dari suku bunga yang ditetapkan dan payback periods (2,77 tahun) lebih cepat dari target waktu yang ditetapkan. This research aims to identified a characteristic of fishing business using trammel net and to analysed a financial feasibilty study to fishing business using trammel net in Regency of Rembang. Variable of research were NPV, IRR and payback periods. This research also used a primary and secondary data. This research proved if fishing business used trammel net in Rembang Regency could classify in micro-business, with investment cost average are Rp 22.3 million to boat, Rp 5.05 million to trammel net, and Rp 4.92 million to machine. Fishing business used trammel net in Rembang Regency also need Rp. 4.10 million/year to average of maintenance cost, Rp. 12.96 million/year to average of energy cost, Rp. 0.99 million/year to average of ice procurement cost, and Rp. 6.40 million/year to average of accomodation cost. The average of gross income in fishing business using trammel net was Rp. 42.31 million/year. This research proved if fishing business used trammel net was feasible, value of NPV was positive (Rp 44.3 million) in 10 years business operation, IRR (52%) greater than the target and payback periods (2.77 years) faster than the target

Introduction to the Workshop

Public health administrators are forced to consider efficiency as a criterion in their choice of preventive programs because of the numerous programs to choose from, restricted budgets, and declining caries experience in children. Interest in cost effectiveness in dental prevention has risen considerably since the initial conference on this issue at the University of Michigan in 1978. This article introduces the goals of the workshop, the nature of the work groups, and the data they will use.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66042/1/j.1752-7325.1989.tb02083.x.pd

Improving information security in e-banking by using biometric fingerprint : a case of major bank in Malaysia

In this paper biometric fingerprint technology will define and discuss as new best approach identification and authentication customers for online internet banking, and how biometric fingerprint will improve the internet banking protect its assets. Background will be produced to present how authentication and identification have developed and improved through the applications successful that have implemented biometric technology to protect its asset; then a case of major bank in Malaysia will be taken as a case study. By answering the question, why does biometric fingerprint need to come forefront as a great method of authentication in online banking environment? The findings have found that there are reasons and factors for higher security as a near perfect and biometric fingerprint authentication will be indicated to be the solution to answer this call

Vascular access in Senegalese patients starting chronic haemodialysis

Introduction: It is recommended that patients should start chronic haemodialysis using an arteriovenous fistula (AVF). We aimed to determine the proportion of Senegalese patients who used an AVF at the start of  haemodialysis and examined the factors associated with its use. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from 1 June 2021 to 2 October 2021 among patients on chronic haemodialysis in 10 centres in the Dakar and Thiès regions. Clinical and laboratory data were collected from medical records and also via patient interviews. Results: The patients (n = 543) had a median age of 50 years [interquartile range (IQR) 40–62 years] and 50.6% were male. The socio-economic level was low in two-thirds of cases. The median duration of haemodialysis was 40 (IQR 17–76) months. Hypertension was noted in 92% and diabetes in 13%. Hypertensive kidney disease was the cause of kidney failure in 33%. Only 47 patients (9%) had started dialysis using an arteriovenous fistula. Factors associated with its use at haemodialysis initiation were socio-economic level (OR 0.48; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.25–0.94 for low socio-economic level) and duration of pre-dialysis follow-up by a nephrologist for >4 months (OR 7.82; 95% CI 3.05–26.50). In 65% of prevalent patients, the vascular access used was an AVF, a tunnelled central venous catheter in 28%, an arteriovenous graft in 2% and a temporary central venous catheter in 4.4%. Conclusions: The proportion of Senegalese patients with an AVF at the start of haemodialysis was low. AVF use was associated with socio-economic level and pre-dialysis follow-up by a nephrologist for >4 months

Mild Behavioral Impairment as a Marker of Cognitive Decline in Cognitively Normal Older Adults

This is the author accepted manuscript. the final version is available from Elsevier via the DOI in this recordObjective: Mild Behavioral Impairment (MBI) is a neurobehavioural syndrome characterized by later life emergent neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) which represent an at-risk state for incident cognitive decline and dementia in people with Mild Cognitive Impairment. We undertook a study to determine whether MBI was associated with progressive changes in neuropsychological performance in people without significant cognitive impairment. Methods: 9,931 older adults enrolled in the PROTECT study who did not have MCI or dementia undertook a comprehensive neuropsychological battery measuring attention, reasoning, executive function and working memory at baseline and one year. MBI was ascertained using self-administration of the MBI-C at one year, and participants grouped according to MBI status: no symptoms, intermediate neuropsychiatric symptoms and MBI. All assessments were completed online and data analyzed using MMRM ANOVA. Results: 949 (10%) people had MBI. These individuals had significantly worse cognitive performance at baseline and significantly greater decline over one year in the four composites cognitive scores measuring attentional intensity (F(2,8578)=3.97,p=0.019), sustained attention (F(2,8578)=18.63, p<.0001), attentional fluctuation (F(2,8578)=10.13, p=<.0001) and working memory F(2,9895)=13.1, p<.0001. Conclusions: Our novel findings show that MBI is associated with faster decline in attention and working memory in this cognitively normal sample. MBI may be an earlier marker of neurodegenerative disease than MCI, captured at the stage of SCD or before, raising the possibility that MBI represents a novel target for dementia clinical trials or prevention strategies.National Institute for Health Research (NIHR

Prevalence of Group A beta-haemolytic Streptococcus isolated from children with acute pharyngotonsillitis in Aden, Yemen.

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of Group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus (GAS) and non-GAS infections among children with acute pharyngotonsillitis in Aden, Yemen, to evaluate the value of a rapid diagnostic test and the McIsaac score for patient management in this setting and to determine the occurrence of emm genotypes among a subset of GAS isolated from children with acute pharyngotonsillitis and a history of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) or rheumatic heart disease (RHD). METHODS: Group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus infections in school-aged children with acute pharyngotonsillitis in Aden, Yemen, were diagnosed by a rapid GAS antigen detection test (RADT) and/or GAS culture from a throat swab. The RADT value and the McIsaac screening score for patient management were evaluated. The emm genotype of a subset of GAS isolates was determined. RESULTS: Group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus pharyngotonsillitis was diagnosed in 287/691 (41.5%; 95% CI 37.8-45.3) children. Group B, Group C and Group G beta-haemolytic streptococci were isolated from 4.3% children. The RADT had a sensitivity of 238/258 (92.2%) and specificity of 404/423 (95.5%) against GAS culture. A McIsaac score of ≥4 had a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 82% for confirmed GAS infection. The emm genotypes in 21 GAS isolates from children with pharyngitis and a history of ARF and confirmed RHD were emm87 (11), emm12 (6), emm28 (3) and emm5 (1). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a very high prevalence of GAS infections in Yemeni children and the value of the RADT and the McIsaac score in this setting. More extensive emm genotyping is necessary to understand the local epidemiology of circulating strains

A cost effectiveness and capacity analysis for the introduction of universal rotavirus vaccination in Kenya : comparison between Rotarix and RotaTeq vaccines

Background Diarrhoea is an important cause of death in the developing world, and rotavirus is the single most important cause of diarrhoea associated mortality. Two vaccines (Rotarix and RotaTeq) are available to prevent rotavirus disease. This analysis was undertaken to aid the decision in Kenya as to which vaccine to choose when introducing rotavirus vaccination. Methods Cost-effectiveness modelling, using national and sentinel surveillance data, and an impact assessment on the cold chain. Results The median estimated incidence of rotavirus disease in Kenya was 3015 outpatient visits, 279 hospitalisations and 65 deaths per 100,000 children under five years of age per year. Cumulated over the first five years of life vaccination was predicted to prevent 34% of the outpatient visits, 31% of the hospitalizations and 42% of the deaths. The estimated prevented costs accumulated over five years totalled US$1,782,761 (direct and indirect costs) with an associated 48,585 DALYs. From a societal perspective Rotarix had a cost-effectiveness ratio of US$142 per DALY (US$5 for the full course of two doses) and RotaTeq US$288 per DALY ($10.5 for the full course of three doses). RotaTeq will have a bigger impact on the cold chain compared to Rotarix. Conclusion Vaccination against rotavirus disease is cost-effective for Kenya irrespective of the vaccine. Of the two vaccines Rotarix was the preferred choice due to a better cost-effectiveness ratio, the presence of a vaccine vial monitor, the requirement of fewer doses and less storage space, and proven thermo-stability

Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of acetaminophen from wastewater using WO3/TiO2/SiO2 composite under UV–VIS irradiation

peer-reviewedThe full text of this article will not be available in ULIR until the embargo expires on the 26/8/2019This study investigates the photocatalytic degradation of acetaminophen (Ace) from synthetic wastewater by individual TiO2, TiO2/SiO2 and/or WO3/TiO2/SiO2 composite under UV-VIS illumination. To characterize changes in their morphology and crystal structures before and after treatment, Χ-ray diffraction (ΧRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) , DRS UV-VIS absorption spectra, Brunaer-Emmer-Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques were used. The effects of varying loading ratios of the WO3 on the TiO2/SiO2 composite for Ace degradation were studied. Operating parameters such as initial concentration, reaction time, dose of photocatalyst and pH were tested. Degradation by-products were also presented. It is found that the photodegradation performance of the WO3/TiO2/SiO2 composite as a photocatalyst in this study could be enhanced by optimizing the loading ratio of the WO3. About 3% (w/w) of WO3/TiO2/SiO2 was found to improve the degradation of Ace from 33% to 95% at the same initial concentration of 5 mg/L. The resulting oxidation by-products included hydroquinone and 1,4-benzoquinone. Under the same conditions, the result of photocatalytic degradation by the 3% (w/w) of WO3/TiO2/SiO2 composite was significantly higher (95%) than that by the individual TiO2/SiO2 (42%) and/or by the TiO2 alone (33%). Under optimized conditions (1.5 g/L; 3% (w/w) of WO3/TiO2/SiO2 composite; pH 9; 4 h of reaction time), 95% of Ace removal with an initial concentration of 5 mg/L could be attained. However, the treated effluents still could not meet the discharge standard of less than 0.2 mg/L set by China’s and US legislation. This indicates that further subsequent treatment like biological processes is still necessary for completing the removal of target pollutant from the wastewater samples