S6ks Isoforms Contribute To Viability, Migration, Docetaxel Resistance And Tumor Formation Of Prostate Cancer Cells

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)The S6 Kinase (S6K) proteins are some of the main downstream effectors of the mammalian Target Of Rapamycin (mTOR) and act as key regulators of protein synthesis and cell growth. S6K is overexpressed in a variety of human tumors and is correlated to poor prognosis in prostate cancer. Due to the current urgency to identify factors involved in prostate cancer progression, we aimed to reveal the cellular functions of three S6K isoforms-p70-S6K1, p85-S6K1 and p54-S6K2-in prostate cancer, as well as their potential as therapeutic targets. Methods: In this study we performed S6K knockdown and overexpression and investigated its role in prostate cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, viability, migration and resistance to docetaxel treatment. In addition, we measured tumor growth in Nude mice injected with PC3 cells overexpressing S6K isoforms and tested the efficacy of a new available S6K1 inhibitor in vitro. Results: S6Ks overexpression enhanced PC3-luc cell line viability, migration, resistance to docetaxel and tumor formation in Nude mice. Only S6K2 knockdown rendered prostate cancer cells more sensitive to docetaxel. S6K1 inhibitor PF-4708671 was particularly effective for reducing migration and proliferation of PC3 cell line. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that S6Ks play an important role in prostate cancer progression, enhancing cell viability, migration and chemotherapy resistance, and place both S6K1 and S6K2 as a potential targets in advanced prostate cancer. We also provide evidence that S6K1 inhibitor PF-4708671 may be considered as a potential drug for prostate cancer treatment.16Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2012/13558-7]FAPESPCNPqFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Pemanfaatan Waktu Luang Dengan Bimbingan Gratis Matematika, Bahasa Inggris Dan Bahasa Indonesia Di SD N 15 Ambarita

Tujuan pelaksanaan kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini adalah mengadakan bimbingan belajar  gratis untuk siswa yang terkena dampak belajar secara daring akibat pandemic Covid-19 di SDN 15 Ambarita, Kecamatan Simanindo, Kabupaten Samosir Provinsi Sumatera Utara, serta membantu masyarakat di Desa Ambarita. Dengan kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat membantu meningkatkan kemampuan belajar matematika, bahasa inggris, dan bahasa Indonesia siswa di tingkat Sekolah Dasar, mampu meningkatkan minat, motivasi serta kemampuan belajar siswa terhadap mata pelajaran matematika, bahasa inggris, dan bahasa Indonesia, serta dapat berinteraksi dengan masyarakat Desa. Jumlah kelas pada PKM ini yaitu sebanyak tiga kelas. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan PKM ini dilakukan secara tatap muka di sekolah SDN 15 Ambarita dengan waktu setelah jam pelajaran selesai dengan materi matematika, bahasa inggris, dan bahasa Indonesia, sekali seminggu akan melakukan pengabdian ke masyarakat selama satu bulan. Hasil dari kegiatan bimbingan belajar gratis ini adalah adanya antusias yang tinggi dari siswa di SDN 15 Ambarita untuk mengikuti bimbingan belajar gratis serta menumbuhkan semangat siswa dalam belajar matematika, bahasa inggris, dan bahasa Indonesia sehingga kegiatan tersebut dapat mendukung siswa untuk mengikuti materi pembelajaran matematika, bahasa inggris, dan bahasa indonesia yang tertinggal akibat adanya pembelajaran jarak jauh selama pandemi covid-19. Luaran yang dihasilkan dari kegiatan PKM ini yaitu pihak sekolah dapat membuat bimbingan belajar gratis matematika, bahasa inggris, dan bahasa indonesia kepada siswa

Pemanfaatan Waktu Luang Dengan Bimbingan Gratis Matematika, Bahasa Inggris Dan Bahasa Indonesia Di SD N 15 Ambarita

Tujuan pelaksanaan kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini adalah mengadakan bimbingan belajar  gratis untuk siswa yang terkena dampak belajar secara daring akibat pandemic Covid-19 di SDN 15 Ambarita, Kecamatan Simanindo, Kabupaten Samosir Provinsi Sumatera Utara, serta membantu masyarakat di Desa Ambarita. Dengan kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat membantu meningkatkan kemampuan belajar matematika, bahasa inggris, dan bahasa Indonesia siswa di tingkat Sekolah Dasar, mampu meningkatkan minat, motivasi serta kemampuan belajar siswa terhadap mata pelajaran matematika, bahasa inggris, dan bahasa Indonesia, serta dapat berinteraksi dengan masyarakat Desa. Jumlah kelas pada PKM ini yaitu sebanyak tiga kelas. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan PKM ini dilakukan secara tatap muka di sekolah SDN 15 Ambarita dengan waktu setelah jam pelajaran selesai dengan materi matematika, bahasa inggris, dan bahasa Indonesia, sekali seminggu akan melakukan pengabdian ke masyarakat selama satu bulan. Hasil dari kegiatan bimbingan belajar gratis ini adalah adanya antusias yang tinggi dari siswa di SDN 15 Ambarita untuk mengikuti bimbingan belajar gratis serta menumbuhkan semangat siswa dalam belajar matematika, bahasa inggris, dan bahasa Indonesia sehingga kegiatan tersebut dapat mendukung siswa untuk mengikuti materi pembelajaran matematika, bahasa inggris, dan bahasa indonesia yang tertinggal akibat adanya pembelajaran jarak jauh selama pandemi covid-19. Luaran yang dihasilkan dari kegiatan PKM ini yaitu pihak sekolah dapat membuat bimbingan belajar gratis matematika, bahasa inggris, dan bahasa indonesia kepada siswa

S6Ks isoforms contribute to viability, migration, docetaxel resistance and tumor formation of prostate cancer cells

Background: The S6 Kinase (S6K) proteins are some of the main downstream effectors of the mammalian Target Of Rapamycin (mTOR) and act as key regulators of protein synthesis and cell growth. S6K is overexpressed in a variety of human tumors and is correlated to poor prognosis in prostate cancer. Due to the current urgency to identify factors involved in prostate cancer progression, we aimed to reveal the cellular functions of three S6K isoforms-p70-S6K1, p85-S6K1 and p54-S6K2-in prostate cancer, as well as their potential as therapeutic targets. Methods: In this study we performed S6K knockdown and overexpression and investigated its role in prostate cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, viability, migration and resistance to docetaxel treatment. In addition, we measured tumor growth in Nude mice injected with PC3 cells overexpressing S6K isoforms and tested the efficacy of a new available S6K1 inhibitor in vitro. Results: S6Ks overexpression enhanced PC3-luc cell line viability, migration, resistance to docetaxel and tumor formation in Nude mice. Only S6K2 knockdown rendered prostate cancer cells more sensitive to docetaxel. S6K1 inhibitor PF-4708671 was particularly effective for reducing migration and proliferation of PC3 cell line. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that S6Ks play an important role in prostate cancer progression, enhancing cell viability, migration and chemotherapy resistance, and place both S6K1 and S6K2 as a potential targets in advanced prostate cancer. We also provide evidence that S6K1 inhibitor PF-4708671 may be considered as a potential drug for prostate cancer treatment16CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPsem informação2012/13558-

PRINCIPAIS TRATAMENTOS DO MELASMA

Resumo: Introdução: a pele tem como função da proteção do nosso corpo, ela é dividida em três camadas, sendo a epiderme, derme e hipoderme. Os melanócitos responsáveis pela produção de melanina estão na camada basal da epiderme, quando há a sua disfunção pode gerar manchas acastanhadas na pele chamadas de melasmas. Esta disfunção pode ocorrer devido diversos fatores, como disfunção hormonal, trabalho exposto ao sol, entre outros. O seu tratamento tem o principal objetivo de clarear a região afetada, e os principais tratamentos são os peelings químicos, microdermoabrasão lasers e luz pulsada. Más a cura por completa ainda é desconhecida. Objetivo: encontrar na literatura diferentes formas de se tratar o melasma, contribuindo com os profissionais de saúde estética indicações e alertas dos tratamentos. Materiais e Métodos: O estudo está classificado como pesquisa qualitativa-descritiva. Que segundo Marconi e Lakatos (2007), são estudos exploratórios que têm por objetivo descrever completamente determinando fenômeno, como as análises empíricas e teóricas. Encontrando acumulação de informações detalhadas como as obtidas por intermédio da observação participante. Resultado: dentre os tratamentos encontrados, pode-se observar que a utilização dos peelings químicos e com mesoterapia com ácido tranexâmico são os mais usados e mais eficazes. Conclusão: Com base no levantamento bibliográfico realizado, o melasma é uma doença de classificação crônica, que acomete mais mulheres em idade fértil, as quais podem apresentar algum distúrbio hormonal. Devido a sua complexidade de evolução do tratamento não chega a cura, e sim formas de tratamento deixando as hipercromias com uma aparência mais suave. Palavras-Chave: melasma; hipercromias; tratamentos; peelings químicos

A methodology to obtain accurate potential energy Functions for diatomic systems: mathematical point of view

The mathematics used in physical chemistry has changed greatly in the past forty years and it will certainly continue to change more quickly. Theoretical chemists and physicists must have an acquaintance with abstract mathematics if they are to keep up with their field, as the mathematical language in which it is expressed changes. Thinking about it, in this article, we want to show some of the most important concepts of Mathematical Analysis involved in obtaining analytical functions to represent the potential energy interaction for diatomic systems. A basic guide for the construction of a potential based on Dunham's coefficients and an example of a new potential obtained from this methodology is also presented

Probiotics Prevent Late-Onset Sepsis in Human Milk-Fed, Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants : Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Growing evidence supports the role of probiotics in reducing the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis, time to achieve full enteral feeding, and late-onset sepsis (LOS) in preterm infants. As reported for several neonatal clinical outcomes, recent data have suggested that nutrition might affect probiotics' efficacy. Nevertheless, the currently available literature does not explore the relationship between LOS prevention and type of feeding in preterm infants receiving probiotics. Thus, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of probiotics for LOS prevention in preterm infants according to type of feeding (exclusive human milk (HM) vs. exclusive formula or mixed feeding). Randomized-controlled trials involving preterm infants receiving probiotics and reporting on LOS were included in the systematic review. Only trials reporting on outcome according to feeding type were included in the meta-analysis. Fixed-effects models were used and random-effects models were used when significant heterogeneity was found. The results were expressed as risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Twenty-five studies were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, probiotic supplementation resulted in a significantly lower incidence of LOS (RR 0.79 (95% CI 0.71-0.88), p < 0.0001). According to feeding type, the beneficial effect of probiotics was confirmed only in exclusively HM-fed preterm infants (RR 0.75 (95% CI 0.65-0.86), p < 0.0001). Among HM-fed infants, only probiotic mixtures, and not single-strain products, were effective in reducing LOS incidence (RR 0.68 (95% CI 0.57-0.80) p < 0.00001). The results of the present meta-analysis show that probiotics reduce LOS incidence in exclusively HM-fed preterm infants. Further efforts are required to clarify the relationship between probiotics supplementation, HM, and feeding practices in preterm infants