The emergence of futurism in Italy, 1900-1916: The influence of science on art.

The brash poet, Filippo Tommaso Marinetti {1876-1944) first announced the Futurist movement in his Manifêste de futurisme in Le Figaro, published in Paris on February 20, 1909. It was a violent revolt against the imitative sentimentalism of the arts in Italy, a blast at the cult of the past” and an opening wedge for a new aesthetic theory to evolve as an expression of the radical changes in science

Managing Citizen Engagement: Local Leader Perspectives From A Midwestern Small City

Small cities, with their mix of urban capacity and small-town charm, are a promising environment for interactive and inclusive citizen engagement. However, small cities have received very limited attention by sociological and planning literature, and even less attention has been paid to the leaders of small city communities. This study contributes to this gap through an analysis of the dynamics of participation between small city leaders and their constituents from the leaders’ perspective. Studying up through interviews with planners and officials of a midwestern small city, this study examines how small city leaders pursue citizen engagement while managing the bureaucratic expectations of their work. This study found structural constraints within the work including organizational, methodological, political and social expectations that expended functionaries\u27 capacity to conduct robust citizen engagement

The Vicious Circle of Health Security: Vaginal Fistula in Conflict Settings and its Interdependency with Female Oppression

The complex and multilayered interdependence of health and security gets exceedingly obvious in conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV); however, its scientific study is exceptionally invisible. Political unrest increases incidence of gender-based violence (GBV). Rapes, including gang rapes, and forced insertion into the female genitalia of foreign bodies such as bottles, sticks, and weapons can lead to injury of the vagina and the development of traumatic vaginal fistulas (TVF). This paper aims to give structure to the particular characteristics of traumatic vaginal fistula in conflict settings and its immanent linkage to human security. The authors reviewed all papers concerning prevalence and causes of CRSV-caused TVF (CRSV-TVF) that were available on PubMed and GoogleScholar in February 2021. Findings were integrated into feminist theory on CRSV to identify the connecting linkages of security, health, and gender equality. CRSV-caused TVF illustrate well the complex interdependences of health and security: (1) insecurity leads to a higher prevalence of sexual violence; (2) sexual violence can serve as a weapon of war; (3) insecurity prolongs sufficient medical care; (4) vaginal fistula impede female empowerment and societal development. The multiple threads of their connection reveal several implications for the prevention and treatment of TVF. The reciprocal connection of CRSV and security exemplifies a vicious circle of health security

Prevalence of potentially inappropriate medication use and drug utilization pattern in elderly patients: a prospective study from a tertiary care hospital

Background: To investigate the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) using updated Beers criteria 2012 and drug utilization study among the elderly patients attending the various outpatient departments (OPDs) of a tertiary care hospital at Pondicherry in India.Methods: This prospective, observational study involving patients aged 65 years and above, was planned and conducted over a period of six months, who attended the various OPDs were included in the study. Prescriptions were collected from the consulting rooms and pharmacy.Results: A total of 600 patients aged 65 years and above were involved in our study. Majority (61.83%) were in the age group of 65-70 years. There was a male preponderance (61.83%). Total of 1769 drugs were prescribed, giving an average of 2.98 drugs per person (range 1 to 9). Polypharmacy (≥ 5drugs) were observed in 99 patients. Of the total 748 disease conditions, cardiovascular diseases were the most prevalent (29.33%) among the elderly patients. Almost 114 patients had comorbid conditions. General medicine department was the highest (28.83%) visited patients. Frequently prescribed drugs belong to the category of analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents (16.50%). Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) was 31%. Almost 110 patients received PIMs from Beers list; majority were belonging to category 1. NSAIDs (30.66%) were the highest PIMs prescribed to musculoskeletal disorders. With regard to WHO indicator, 377(21.31%) drugs were prescribed by generic name. Utilization from Indian national list of essential medicine was 76.82%. Percentage of encounters in which an antibiotic and injections was prescribed to 23.5% and 26.33% respectively.Conclusions: Study has shown the prevalence of disease pattern, comorbidity, drug usage in elderly. PIMs, polypharmacy and FDC were high among the elderly. Prescribers need to be educated about Beers criteria and encouraged for rational prescription.

Physical Drivers of Phytoplankton Bloom Initiation in the Southern Ocean's Scotia Sea

Abstract: The Scotia Sea is the site of one of the largest spring phytoplankton blooms in the Southern Ocean. Past studies suggest that shelf‐iron inputs are responsible for the high productivity in this region, but the physical mechanisms that initiate and sustain the bloom are not well understood. Analysis of profiling float data from 2002 to 2017 shows that the Scotia Sea has an unusually shallow mixed‐layer depth during the transition from winter to spring, allowing the region to support a bloom earlier in the season than elsewhere in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. We compare these results to the mixed‐layer depth in the 1/6° data‐assimilating Southern Ocean State Estimate and then use the model output to assess the physical balances governing mixed‐layer variability in the region. Results indicate the importance of lateral advection of Weddell Sea surface waters in setting the stratification. A Lagrangian particle release experiment run backward in time suggests that Weddell outflow constitutes 10% of the waters in the upper 200 m of the water column in the bloom region. This dense Weddell water subducts below the surface waters in the Scotia Sea, establishing a sharp subsurface density contrast that cannot be overcome by wintertime convection. Profiling float trajectories are consistent with the formation of Taylor columns over the region's complex bathymetry, which may also contribute to the unique stratification. Furthermore, biogeochemical measurements from 2016 and 2017 bloom events suggest that vertical exchange associated with this Taylor column enhances productivity by delivering nutrients to the euphotic zone

Letter from Isabella B. Hooker, to Anne Whitney, 1893

https://repository.wellesley.edu/whitney_correspondence/2648/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Isabella B. Hooker, Hartford, to Anne Whitney, 1893 March 29

https://repository.wellesley.edu/whitney_correspondence/2647/thumbnail.jp

Letter from Isabella B. Hooker, Hartford, to Anne Whitney, 1895 March 24

https://repository.wellesley.edu/whitney_correspondence/2649/thumbnail.jp

The Effect of Age and Sex on Lower Extremity Joint Power Coordination

Previous research has provided conflicting results regarding interjoint coordination during a squat jump for young and old adults. In particular, researchers have noted if a proximal-to-distal sequencing (PDS) pattern characterized by hip, then knee, then ankle movement was utilized. Argaud et al. (2019) concluded that both groups used a PDS pattern while Haguenauer et al. (2005) reported that older adults exhibited a more simultaneous strategy. However, both of these studies only investigated male subjects. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if there are differences in joint power sequencing between males and females and between young and older adults during a squat jump. METHODS: 32 moderately active and injury-free subjects participated (19 young (9F, 10M) and 13 older (7F, 6M)). There was no significant difference in the Physical Activity Rating form levels between age groups or sexes. Subjects performed squat jumps from a starting position with a minimum knee flexion angle of 120 degrees with hands on hips and rest given between trials. Three-dimensional body coordinates and ground reaction force data were collected using seven Vicon Vantage cameras (120 Hz) and two Kistler force plates (1200 Hz), respectively. Three trials per subject were used for analysis, excluding any trials with a countermovement. Hip, knee and ankle joint power data were computed using Nexus software and used to assign the degree of PDS for each trial (both leg, one leg, neither leg). Chi-squared was run to determine associations between sex and age with degree of PDS (p \u3c 0.05). RESULTS: There was a statistically significant association between age and degree of PDS (p = 0.041). Both legs used PDS for 74% and 49% of the younger and older adult trials, respectively, and neither leg used PDS for 12% and 21% of their trials, respectively. There was no significant association between sex and degree of PDS. However, 71% and 56% of the males and female trials used PDS for both legs while 8% and 23% of their trials used PDS for neither leg. CONCLUSION: It appears that older adults, especially females, use a PDS strategy less frequently when attempting to generate lower extremity power. This difference is not related to activity levels or disease and may be related to neuromuscular changes associated with aging or jump experience. This research was funded by the Swenson Summer Research Fellowship Program